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Query: UMLS:C0262471 (ENT)
 5,307 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The detection of recruitment is based on investigating change of loudness with change of intensity. The evaluation and further differential diagnosis of inner ear damage is, for instance, a necessity in an expert opinion of an ENT specialist. Which of the numerous methods of detecting recruitment can be recommended for the specialists practice. Over 215 patients with inner ear damage were tested for recruitment with different test methods. Results showed that SISI tests were performed with more accuracy than differential limen tests. Differences of various recruitment methods of our collective are investigated and advantages and disadvantages discussed. The recommendation for the specialists practice would be to perform 1. the "limits of intensity" (threshold of hearing and loudness discomfort), 2. the supraliminal noise-audiometry Langenbeck and 3. the SISI test. They seem to be most effectful, exact, reproducible and easy to perform test-methods for detecting recruitment.
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PMID:[SISI or differential limen test - tests for recruitment (author's transl)]. 13 43

A 20-year-old man developed a pneumonia after using throat gargles containing lipoid paraffin over 5 years. The lung biopsy showed a lipoid pneumonia and the bodyplethysmographic examination a ventilation disorder indicating a starting lung fibrosis. By the means of gaschromatography the identity of the lipoid in the sputum and in the gargle sample was established and the diagnosis continued. The disease, its pathophysiology and iatrogenic etiology are discussed and the consequencies concerning the ENT-specialist are stressed.
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PMID:[Mineral oil pneumonia caused by throat gargles containing lipoid paraffin. Diagnosed by biochemical examination of the sputum (author's transl)]. 13 46

From the otolaryngologist's point of view, there are multiple causes for the frequent symptom of facial and head pain: headaches due to ear diseases: pain extending to the ear region, with special regard to "referred otalgia" involving the cranail nerves V, IX, X; facial pain due to temporomandibular dysfunction; rhinological causes of facial and head pain, including posttraumatic trigeminal neuralgia and "facial sympathalgies"; the syndrome of the elongated styloid process. The diagnosis and therapy of the "typical" ENT diseases is not described in detail since the paper deals mainly with less known and, regarding their diagnosis and treatment, problematic diseases.
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PMID:[Facial and head pain from the otorhinolaryngologist's point of view (author's transl)]. 14 Sep 75

The authors present the audiometric procedure for hearing impaired children, which has been developed and performed routinely for some years by the Department of Audiology in the ENT-Clinic of the Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena. Problems of children's audiometry are discussed. The procedure developed, is based on the children's conscious orientation to the source of sound which can regularly be registered especially in children of the age from 5 or 6 months to 3 or 4 years. The threshold provoking orientation is 45 to 50 dB (absolute). The results gained by the method described are compaired with those which were obtained 4 to 9 years later in 41 subjects suffering from heredodegenerative hearing loss. A coefficient of correlation r = 0.77 was found, indication a very near correlation of results for both procedures. When compaired to ERA, the test presented is simple to perform and is though to be very valuable for praxis. The orientation audiometry is more exact than the test of subjective audiometry and various procedures based on acoustical reflexes, too.
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PMID:[The reliability of audiometry based on conscious orientation of the hearing impaired child (author's transl)]. 14 27

Adequate tumour surgery on the skull base is, because of the close connection with vital blood vessels and nerve structures, difficult and full of risks. From six rare cases, an account is given here, of experiences which were gained by the combined ENT and neurosurgical team work. Singularly, the approach to processes of the frontal, middle and hind skull base is discussed. Through diagnosis, and when indicated, combined operative team work between the Otolaryngologist and the Neurosurgeon, using microsurgical operative techniques, reorganizational advancements regarding the maintenance of function and functional reconstruction, in the surgery of the base of skull, are possible. Under this aspect, endeavors must be made in this area, by slow growing benign new growths, to establish an early diagnosis, and the earliest possible operation, thus promoting the chances of preservation of the remaining undamaged blood vessels and nerve structures.
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PMID:[Otorhinolaryngological-neurosurgical problems on the skull base (author's transl)]. 14 25

At the ENT-Univ. Clinic Halle/Saale 1231 patients suffering from an histological verified cancer of the larynx have been observed over the last 33 years. The numbers of male cases have been trebled within the last 30 years. This trend could not be observed in women. The increase is connected with a remarcable concentration of the supraglottic localisation. Despite of intensive information of the population most of the patients only turn to our clinic in the stage II and III (TNM-system). Only in 9.9% of the cases their fate remained unknown.
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PMID:[Statistics on 1231 patients with cancer of the larynx 1940 to 1974 (author's transl)]. 14 35

The problem of trachoma in Burma is presented. For its major sight-threatening complication of trichiasis a surgical procedure is described which is simple, effective, economical, and without any cosmetic blemish. With this procedure 1861 cases of different grades of trichiasis were operated upon at the Eye, ENT Hospital, Rangoon, with 528 cases followed up at 1 year. The results are entirely satisfactory when the operations are performed for first and second degree trichiasis, and for trichiasis of our third degree grading the success rate is 95%.
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PMID:Surgery for trachoma in Burma. 15 22

The ability of Salmonella typhimurium to synthesize enterochelin (enterobactin; ENT) affects its capacity to grow both in vivo and in vitro. An ENT mutant (96-1), blocked in the conversion of chorismate to 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate, was derived from SR-11, a strain of high mouse virulence. This mutant was unchanged in the other characteristics tested: colonial, biochemical, antigenic, and cellular. In contrast to SR-11, growth of this mutant in complement-inactivated human serum was strongly inhibited. However, addition of 5 muM ENT to the cultures relieved their inhibition. Viable counts of bacteria injected into the mouse peritoneal cavity showed that without ENT, growth of 96-1 was inhibited markedly; with ENT, the apparent growth rate of 96-1 exceeded that of SR-11. The 50% lethal dose (LD50) of 96-1 was 2 to 3 log units higher than that of SR-11. When ENT was injected, the ENT- mutant exhibited an ENT-dose-related decrease in its LD50. A single injection of 300 micrograms of ENT per mouse with the inoculum reduced the LD50 of 96-1 to that of the wild-type strain. These findings support the contention that ENT is a virulence factor for S. typhimurium.
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PMID:Enterochelin (enterobactin): virulence factor for Salmonella typhimurium. 15 95

The possibility of direct field verification by xeroradiography in Co-60-teletherapy of the head- and ENT-regions is described. By the effect of intensified contours, anatomical details may present themselves sufficiently as to make possible an objective verification of the irradiation. The particular advantages of this method consist in the simple handling and in the acceleration of the therapy preparations as well as in the possibility of documentation of the radiotherapeutic treatment. It has to be examined if the xeroradiographical procedure can be utilized for direct verification of the fields in other regions of the body too.
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PMID:[Xeroradiographic field control in telecobalt therapy of the cranial and ear-nose-throat regions]. 17 55

Norethindrone (ENT), which is a representative in estrane series of progestogen, is not only strongly progestational but also estrogenic and in some cases, antiestrogenic. To understand progestational effect and antiestrogenic effect, the interactions of ENT on estrogen and progestogen receptors were studied in the uterine cytosol of white female rabbit. The 274,200 X G supernatant of uterine homogenate was used as cytosol. 3H-Estradiol, 3H-Progesterone, 3H-ENT or cold ENT were incubated with uterine cytosol at 4 degrees C for 2 hours. Results are as follows: 1. Sucrose gradient centrifugation [5 approximately 20% linear and 40,000 rpm (159,200 X G) for 16 hours at 4 degrees C]: ENT was bound to extrogen 8S receptor in immature rabbit uterus (Fig. 2 & 3), and to progestogen 8S receptor in estrogen primed rabbit uterus (Fig. 5). 2. Kinetic study, determined by dextran coated charcoal (0.001% dextran and 0.1% charcoal): (1) In the uterine cytosol of immature rabbit, 3H-estradiol-receptor binding was observed with Kd divide by 3.6 X 10-9 M and it was revealed that ENT was a competitive inhibitor to this binding with Ki divide by 2.6 X 10-6 M, as in Fig. 6. (2) 8S component, obtained by centrifugation of uterine cytosol (Fig. 1) in estrogen primed rabbit, binds 3H-progesterone with Kd divide by 8.1 X 10-10 M and Bm (maximal binding sites) divide by 5.0 X 10-8 M/mg of protein, and ENT was a competitive inhibitor in this binding with Ki divide by 2.3 X 10-9 M (FIG. 7 & 8). 3H-ENT-8S binding was demonstrated with Kd divide by 1.1 X 10-9 M and Bm divide by 8.7 X 10-8 M/mg of cytosol protein (Fig. 8). These results indicate: (a) ENT is bound to both estrogen and progestogen receptors in 8S macromolecules of uterine cytosol, (b) competitive inhibition of ENT to these bindings indicated that ENT is bound to these receptors at the steroid binding sites where estradiol and progesterone bind to, (c) ENT has much more affinity to progestogen receptor (Ki divide by 2.3 X 10-9 M) than to estrogen receptor (Ki divide 2.6 X 10-6 M), (d) while ENT is bound to progestogen and estrogen receptors at the same time, Bm of ENT (8.7 X 10-8 M/mg of cytosol protein) is more than Bm of progesterone (5.0 X 10-9 M/mg of cytosol protein), and Kd of ENT (1.1 X 10-9 M) was less than Ki of ENT (2.3 X 10-9 M) in the binding to progesterone-receptor. Biologically, while ENT is bound to progestogen -receptor with high affinity and to estrogen receptor with low affinity, ENT is actually progestational in low dose and antiestrogenic in high dose but the anti-estrogenicity seems to be incomplete in vivo as ENT may be metabolized to a potent estrogenic compound, ethinyl estradiol
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PMID:[Interaction of norethindrone on estrogen and progesterone receptors in the rabbit uterine cytosol (author's transl)]. 18 90


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