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Query: UMLS:C0262471 (ENT)
 5,307 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Chemotherapy of malignant ENT tumours with Bleomycin (BLM) alone is not very successful. In the last time however several authors pointed out much better therapeutic results when BLM therapy has been combined with radiation treatment It is farly unknown why this combination should cause a greater therapeutic effect. Therefore we investigated the following questions: 1. In what manner does BLM influence the kinetics of cell proliferation of malignant tissues? 2. Does BLM synchronize the tumour cells or is the greater therapeutic success of a combination of BLM and X rays only depending an an additional effect? 3. Can we find a connection between the effect of BLM and the histology of the tumour? With cell kinetic methods (authoradiography, cytophotometry, mitotic index) and histological technics we examined these problems in 5 human ENT tumours and got the following results: 1. BLM initially causes a partial synchronization of the tumour cells (blockade in the S-phase). During a continuous therapy with BLM however the tumour cells will be collected in the late S- and mainly in the G2-phase. But this peak of cells in G2 is not the expression of synchronization because a lot of these cells are blocked irreversible and will leave the cell cycle (hyperceratotic cells). Ffrom those cells which thereupon have entered the mitotic phase a further part of them will by endomitosis or endoreduplication. Only a small group of the cells originally collected in the G2-phase will devide and enter the G1-phase again. Furthermore we observed a distinct recruitment of G0-cells back into the cell cycle (for details see fig. 9). 2. The greater effect of radiation therapy following the application of BLM is not the result of synchronization but of an additional destruction of premitotic G2-cells which properly would have undergone mitosis. BLM and X rays therefore act additionally. 3. The greater therapeutic success of the combination of BLM and radiation treatment comes true only in keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma. The reason is that BLM destroys the tumour cells by hyperkeratosis and polyploidy. Thus BLM must be ineffective in carcinoma without the ability of keratinizing.
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PMID:[The mode of action of bleomycin-cell kinetic investigations (author's transl)]. 7 61

With single cell cytophotometry we investigated the distribution of Feulgen stained cell nuclei of ENT tumours. In the periphery of exophytically growing tumours these cells seem to be distributed homogeneously. Because of the difficulties in determination of the DNA synthesizing cells Feulgen cytophotometry should be completed by other cell kinetic methods e.g. pulse cytophotometry and autoradiography.
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PMID:The distribution of Feulgen stained nuclei in the periphery of human head and neck tumours--cytophotometric investigations. 8 Feb 13

Significant increase of plasma level beta2-microglobulin in cancer patients (breast, bronchus, colorectal and ENT) occurs rarely. More, the highest levels observed are within the range of non malignant diseases. We cannot assume that beta2-microglobulin assay will be useful as tumor marker.
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PMID:[Determination of beta2-microglobulin in breast, lung, colorectal and ENT carcinoma (author's transl)]. 8 82

Von Recklinghausen's Disease (VRD) is a neurocutaneous, systemic disease characterized by CNS tumors and disorders, cafe-au-lait spots, generalized cutaneous neurofibromata, skeletal deformities, and somatic and endocrine abnormalities. It is an autosomal dominant, hereditary disorder found in approximately 1:2500 to 3300 births. There are many manifestations of this disease in the head and neck region of interest to the otolaryngologist. Case reports of three patients with multiple ENT involvements are detailed. A review of the literature is presented with a brief discussion of diagnosis and treatment. The most common intracranial tumor in the adult is the acoustic neuroma, usually bilateral, while in the child it is the astrocytoma. A defect in the sphenoid bone is common and may produce temporal lobe herniation into the orbit causing pulsatile exophthalmos. Involvement of the facial bones usually causes radiolucent defects secondary to neurofibromata within nerve pathways, and a variety of asymmetrical changes, especially within the mandible. "Elephantiasis" of the face is a hypertrophy of the soft tissues overlying a neurofibroma, often quite extensive and disfiguring. Laryngeal and neck involvement may compromise the airway and early and repeated surgical intervention is required. The over-all malignancy rate approaches 30%, indicating that the patient with VRD may be predisposed to developing a malignancy. There appears to be an increased surgical risk in these patients, with some demonstrating abnormal responses to neuromuscular blockade.
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PMID:E.N.T. manifestations of Von Recklinghausen's disease. 10 Jun 61

From January 1967 to August 1978, 65 patients with cervical abscesses were referred to the ENT Clinic of Turku University Hospital. The origin of these deep neck infections was odontogenic in 19, tonsillitis or tonsillectomy in 14, trauma in seven, salivary glands in five and branchiogenic cysts in five and other known causes in three cases. In 12 cases the origin was unknown. The cervical abscesses of odontogenic origin were located mostly in the submandibular space (11/19). The rest of the deep cervical infections were mostly found in the parapharyngeal space (25/46). Etiological factors and treatment of these severe infections are discussed.
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PMID:Deep neck infections. 12 Mar 37

The analysis of observation about the progress of 1136 malignant diseases of the epi- and mesopharynx and of the nasal cavity and sinuses from the ENT-Clinic of Jena showed in 16 to 18 per cent of the cases haematogenous metastases observed only in a third to a half in the lung. If the lung had been spared especially the axial skeleton and the liver had metastases. This finding was especially significant in cases of epipharyngeal carcinomas. The discussion about the causes of the frequent occurence of metastases in the axial skeleton led to the supposition, that an independent way of the spreading of haematogenous metastases via the vertebral venous system and the azygos veins could be possible.
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PMID:[The importance of the vertebral venous plexus for the occurrence of haematogenous metastases in malignant diseases of the head and neck (author's transl)]. 12 8

The head and neck region is - among the body regions - one of the most frequently affected one by malignant primaries in childhood and adolescence. The diagnosis of malignant lymphomas (Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's type) predominanted (55 cases) in the own case material of 94 patients. Besides, there were 21 tumors of mesenchymal origin, 11 neuroepithelial tumors and 5 cases of histiocytosis X. The first symptoms are often discret (painless swelling) and they represent one of the major problems in handling childhood tumors. An optimal therapy, which resulted in longterm cures in the majority of the own patients, is based on an intensive team-work of pediatricians and ENT-doctors. One of the important points for successful treatment is individualizing the intensity of each of the effectful modern therapeutic modalities.
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PMID:[Contribution to the diagnosis, therapy and prognosis of head and neck tumors in childhood and adolescence: experience with 94 own cases (author's transl)]. 12 28

Before any operation the patient is to be informed by his doctor thoroughly of the calculated risk between illness and operation so that he will be able to choose between the different methods of treatment. The information should not frighten the patient, but--on the other hand--should not diminish the realities of the situation. The patient's consent to the operation is only legal under the above mentioned conditions. Information-sheets have been presented to the patients before standard-operations of the ENT and have been in practice for 6 years. These sheets have been found helpful, as they are a basic source of information for the patient and a first step before a more thorough talk with his doctor which is then more informative and precise than it would be without the information recieved before hand.
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PMID:[Written information as a basis for the individual instructive talk before standard operations of the ENT (author's transl)]. 12 44

In the period from 1961 to August, 1975, 2,222 microlaryngoscopic examinations were carried out at the ENT Department of the University. A correlation was seen between the increase in the number of examination in the last few years and the increase in the number of malignant tumours of the larynx, while malignant growths in the hypopharynx were found to be only slightly increased. An anlysis of 1,027 microlaryngoscopies carried out under anaesthesia over the last 2 2/3 years showed almost 50% cancers and precancers. In 5% of the case at most more rare laryngeal findings were also seen. Of these, the granular cell tumour, plasmocytoma, oncocytic cystadenoma and amyloid-tumour of the larynx, but also tuberculous laryngitis, are represented. The modern endoscopic examinations and the fundamental bioptic histomorphological examination of proliferations allow an exact differentiation of these changes in the tissues of the endolarynx. In this connection, a valuable technical aid is the v. Stuckard low-power magnifying laryngoscope, that has been in use for the past six months.
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PMID:[Endoscopic-histological differential diagnosis of rare benign endolaryngeal proliferations (author's transl)]. 13 1

CN 3123 was tested in 4 hospitals on 257 children, 218 of whom were included in the evaluation of the success of therapy. It was administered for the treatment of urinary tract infections (n = 125), bronchial infections (n = 24), intestinal infections (n = 25) and ENT infections (n = 37). The results indicated that, with a failure rate of only 7%, the drug was successfully employed. Tolerance to the medicament was good. Vomiting occurred in 7 children (2.7%) and allergic skin reactions were observed in 6 children (2.3%). A comparative study of CN 3123 and Co-trimoxazole showed the same efficacy and tolerance for both medicaments.
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PMID:[Efficacy and tolerance of trimethoprim sulfamoxole combination in childhood (author's transl)]. 13 45


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