Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0262471 (ENT)
 5,307 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The popularity of scuba diving among the general public and the great increase in air travel are increasingly associated with health problems. In the ENT sector, such problems mainly take the form of barotrauma that can arise from changes in the volume of gases enclosed within body cavities, due to fluctuations in pressure during diving and air travel. More rarely, decompression illness can occur when the required time for decompression is ignored by a diver coming up to the surface, or when a sudden loss of pressure occurs in the cabin of a plane, leading to the liberation of nitrogen dissolved in body fluids. Pathomechanisms, symptoms and treatment of barotrauma affecting the middle and inner ear and the sinuses, together with the effects of decompression errors on the organs of hearing and balance, are described, and suggestions for their prevention given. Fitness for diving and air travel, together with diseases that render these inadvisable, are discussed.
 ...
PMID:[Health hazards associated with flying and diving. ENT aspects]. 221 May 84

A cryogenic ENT applicator, model K-22 has been designed and recommended for clinical use. The applicator unit comprises an independent container filled with liquid nitrogen and connected to a cooling tip 2 mm in diameter by capillary tubes. The applicator is used for the destruction of neoplasms by cryogenic action in hardly accessible places in the aural, pharyngeal and nasal cavities. The applicator is easy to sue, has a small size and weight and allows a good survey of the operative field. It can be used in hospital and in outpatient clinics.
 ...
PMID:[Cryogenic ENT applicator]. 730 Jun 36

We measured energy expenditure (MREE) and nitrogen excretion (UUN) in patients with severe head injury randomized to early parenteral (TPN, n = 21) or jejunal (ENT, n = 27) feeding with identical formulations. The MREE rose to 2400 +/- 531 kcal/day in both groups and remained at 135% +/- 26% to 146% +/- 42% of predicted energy expenditure over 4 weeks. Nitrogen excretion peaked the second week at 33.4 +/- 10 (TPN) and 31.2 +/- 7.5 (ENT) g N/day. Both routes were equally effective at meeting nutritional goals (1.2 x MREE, 2.5 g protein/kg/day intake, stabilized albumin and transferrin levels). Infections were equally frequent: 1.86 episodes/TPN patient versus 1.89 episodes/ENT patient. While patient charges were much greater for TPN, the hospital costs were similar for TPN and ENT support regimens. These findings show that patients with head injuries are hypermetabolic for weeks, that only 27% are capable of spontaneously eating nutritional requirements by discharge, and that either TPN or ENT support is equally effective when prescribed according to individual measurements of MREE and nitrogen excretion.
 ...
PMID:Enteral versus parenteral nutrition after severe closed head injury. 808 10

To investigate the hypothesized relationship between various daily atmospheric pollutant concentrations and hospital epistaxis presentation. A retrospective analysis of all presentations of non-traumatic epistaxis to our institution was performed, and the results were cross-referenced with London air quality data supplied by the National Air Quality Data Archive at the National Environmental Technology Centre (NETCEN) at the multi-centre tertiary referral ENT Department. An analysis of epistaxis presentation to St George's Hospital during the 5-year period January 1997-2002 was made from the patient administration system and accident and emergency records. The study includes 1373 emergency patients after traumatic and iatrogenic epistaxis were excluded. Factors measured were atmospheric ozone (O(3)), carbon monoxide (CO), sulphur dioxide (SO(2)), nitrogen dioxide (NO(2)) and particulate matter less than 10 mum in diameter (PM(10)). Hospital epistaxis presentation and atmospheric pollutant concentration were documented for each day of the 5-year period, weekly change in both parameters was recorded and statistical analysis was performed. The statistical methods used are linear correlation using Pearson's coefficient. Increased hospital epistaxis presentation was strongly associated with increased concentration of airborne particulate matter (r = 0.289, P < 0.001; significant if P < 0.05) and less strongly associated with increased concentrations of atmospheric O(3) (r = 0.150, P = 0.019; significant if P < 0.05). There was no association between epistaxis attendance and atmospheric concentrations of CO, NO(2) and SO(2) in this study. The concentrations of local airborne particulate matter and atmospheric O(3) in the days preceding hospital attendance for epistaxis are relevant when considering the associations of the episode. This further increases understanding of the pathophysiology of spontaneous epistaxis.
 ...
PMID:Airborne environmental pollutant concentration and hospital epistaxis presentation: a 5-year review. 1553 54

Fluorescence behaviors of a triethylenetetramine bearing anthracene (AN) and benzophenone (BP) fragments at the respective ends, L1, have been studied in water, where effects of pH (H+) and metal cations on the emission properties have been studied in detail. L1 behaves as a fluorescent molecular logic gate driven by H+ (Input1) and metal cations (Input2) as input chemicals. The most notable feature of L1 is that this molecule expresses the "either-or" switchable dual logic functions. Operation of L1 with Cu2+ as Input2 expresses the INHIBIT logic function, where a strong AN fluorescence appears only at pH 4 (with H+) without Cu2+ [Input1(1)-Input2(0)]. In contrast, operations of L1 with all other metal cations as Input2 express the TRANSFER logic function, where the presence of H+ allows strong AN fluorescence regardless of whether the metal cation exists or not [Input1(1)-Input2(0); Input1(1)-Input2(1)]. These emission switching behaviors of L1 are driven by the difference in the coordination stability between L1 and metal cations and the photoinduced intramolecular electron and energy transfer processes: (i) a pH-induced electron transfer from unprotonated nitrogen atoms of the polyamine chain to the photoexcited AN [ELT(N-->AN*)]; (ii) a pH- and metal coordination-induced electron transfer from the photoexcited AN to the ground-state BP [ELT(AN*-->BP)]; and (iii) a Cu2+ coordination-induced energy transfer from the photoexcited AN to Cu2+ [ENT(AN*-->Cu2+)].
 ...
PMID:A triethylenetetramine bearing anthracene and benzophenone as a fluorescent molecular logic gate with either-or switchable dual logic functions. 1706 14

Availability of multiple-stress tolerant maize is critical for improvement in maize production in West and Central Africa (WCA). A study was carried out to (i) assess a set of inbred lines for combining ability under stressed and optimal conditions, (ii) determine the performance of the testcrosses under different conditions, and (iii) identify outstanding hybrids across the conditions. Two hundred and five testcrosses were planted with five hybrid checks under Striga-infested, low soil nitrogen, drought and optimal conditions between 2015 and 2016 in Nigeria. The grain yield inheritance under optimal condition was largely regulated by additive gene effect whereas non-additive gene effects largely regulated grain yield under the three stresses. Four of the inbreds had significant positive general combining ability effects each under low N and drought, and three under Striga infestation for grain yield. The inbreds could be vital sources of beneficial alleles for development and improvement of tropical yellow maize hybrids and populations. Hybrids TZEI 443 x ENT 13 and TZEI 462 x TZEI 10 were high yielding and stable; they out-performed the three early maturing released hybrids in WCA. The new hybrids should be extensively assessed and released in the sub-region to improve food security.
 ...
PMID:Testcross performance and combining ability of early maturing maize inbreds under multiple-stress environments. 3155 23