Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0262471 (ENT)
 5,307 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Nutritional assessment is an important part of the oncologic management of the cancer patient. Although it may be easy to identify weight loss, the criteria for negative energy balance are difficult to display in an ordinary clinical setting. In the present study we assessed the nutritional status and calculated the energy balance in 10 randomly selected cancer patients who were hospitalized at our ENT department. Loss greater than 10% of habitual weight was apparent in 5 patients, while only 2 of these had subnormal serum albumin levels. Another 1 of these patients with weight loss demonstrated reduced arm muscle circumference. Weight index, total body potassium and other anthropometric data did not significantly correlate with weight loss. Although supplementary nutrition was administered to most patients during hospitalization, only 4 patients were in positive energy balance as calculated from food tables. Only 2 out of 5 patients with a history of weight loss were in a positive energy balance. A questionnaire disclosed that insufficient considerations for the patients' food availability were shown. We conclude that malnutrition is a common and often an occult phenomenon in hospitalized patients. This may have an unfavorable influence on oncologic treatment and clinical outcome.
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PMID:Nutritional assessment of hospitalized patients with head and neck cancer. 340 99

POR 8 (ornipressin) at a concentration of 5 IU in 10 ml of 1% lidocaine was used as a local vasoconstrictor in 262 ENT operations. Anaesthesia was carried out with either halothane or enflurane, or with diazepam and fentanyl. The doses of POR 8 lay between 2.7 IU and 3.5 IU. Under inhalational anaesthesia there was a good vasoconstriction in 85% to 90%, and anaesthesia with diazepam-fentanyl in 60% to 83% of cases, depending on the site of operation. There should be a 10-20 minute interval between infiltration and the beginning of surgery. Under inhalational anaesthesia the systolic blood pressure fell by 10% after infiltration of POR 8, when the diastolic blood pressure rose by 6%. During diazepam-fentanyl anaesthesia the systolic blood pressure increased by 23%, the diastolic by 27%. POR 8 was not found to have an antidiuretic effect. There was no difference between the osmolality, sodium and potassium levels of 30 patients measured before infiltration and 24 hours later. Because of the minimal side effects of POR 8 on the cardiovascular system during inhalational anaesthesia we recommend the use of these substance as a local vasoconstrictor instead of epinephrine.
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PMID:[POR 8 (ornipressin). Local vasoconstrictive effect and hemodynamic activity during surgery in ENT clinics]. 672 Nov 28

Fifty cases of nasosinusal fungal granuloma were admitted under the ENT Department in a teaching tertiary care hospital in India during a thirteen-year period. Aspergillus species was found to be the most common causative fungus (29) followed by Mucorales (14), Entomophthorales (5) and Fusarium (2) species. There were 13 cases of non-invasive and 16 cases of invasive variants of Aspergillosis. In spite of intravenous amphotericin B therapy and radical surgical debridement, 81% in the invasive group showed relapse and required prolonged oral antifungal drugs and multiple surgical procedures. Among the 14 cases of Mucormycosis, all of the 10 cases who received intravenous amphotericin B and radical surgery showed complete recovery with no relapse over a period of 2 to 10 years. This is contrary to earlier published reports which suggest poor prognosis. The entomophthoromycosis received oral steroids and cotrimoxazole, and oral potassium iodide or intravenous amphotericin in case of relapse. Both the cases of Fusariosis recovered completely with oral ketoconazole.
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PMID:Nasosinusal fungal granuloma--clinical profile. 904 95

The present study examines the effects of the diterpene ENT-pimara-8(14),15-dien-19-oic acid (PA) on rat thoracic aorta. PA (10(-5), 3 x 10(-5) and 10(-4) mol/l) caused concentration-dependent inhibition of phenylephrine (Phe)-induced contraction in either endothelium-intact or endothelium-denuded aortic rings. PA attenuated the contraction induced by CaCl(2) in Ca(2+)-free solution containing Phe (10(-7) mol/l) or KCl (30 mmol/l). This diterpene did not interfere with Ca(2+) release from intracellular stores mediated by either Phe (10(-6) mol/l) or caffeine (30 mmol/l). PA (10(-6) to 3 x 10(-4) mol/l) concentration dependently relaxed Phe-pre-contracted rings with intact (92.64 +/- 7.60%) or denuded endothelium (98.82 +/- 1.56%). Pre-incubation of denuded aortic rings with N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (10(-4) mol/l), 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one (10(-6) mol/l) or indomethacin (10(-5) mol/l) reduced PA-induced relaxation (percentage of relaxation: 77.50 +/- 3.95, 78.56 +/- 2.81, 77.11 +/- 6.22, respectively). However, the relaxant responses induced by PA on Phe-pre-contracted rings were unaffected by tetraethylammonium (1 and 5 mmol/l). PA also relaxed KCl-pre-contracted rings with intact (97.44 +/- 3.66%) or denuded endothelium (95.95 +/- 3.72%). Collectively, these results support the notion that the effects elicited by PA on vascular smooth muscle are endothelium-independent and involve extracellular Ca(2+) influx blocked. In addition, PA effects are partly dependent on the release of nitric oxide from the vascular smooth muscle through an activation of guanylyl cyclase-dependent mechanism and are related to the release of metabolites derived from the arachidonic acid pathway. Finally, our results demonstrated that the PA relaxant action is not related with the opening of potassium (K(+)) channels.
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PMID:Evidence for the mechanisms underlying the effects of pimaradienoic acid isolated from the roots of Viguiera arenaria on rat aorta. 1464 54