Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0262471 (ENT)
 5,307 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Optimal growth conditions have been established for production of heat-labile enterotoxin (LT) by both porcine and human strains of enterotoxigenic (ENT(+)) Escherichia coli. There were no unusual growth factor requirements, and some strains produced fairly high levels of LT in a basal salts medium containing 0.5% glucose if the pH was carefully controlled. Several amino acids markedly stimulated LT synthesis when added to the basal salts-glucose medium. Methionine and lysine were the most stimulatory for both human and porcine strains. Either aspartic acid or glutamic acid further enhanced LT synthesis in the presence of methionine and lysine, with aspartic acid being more stimulatory for porcine strains and glutamic acid more stimulatory for human strains. There were no apparent vitamin requirements and no unusual cations needed for toxin synthesis except that Fe(3+) was slightly stimulatory for porcine strains. The stimulation by Fe(3+) was observed only in the presence of the three amino acids, suggesting that the effect was indirect rather than on toxin synthesis. The carbon source also influenced the yield of LT. Glucose supported maximal synthesis, but other carbon sources which exhibit a high degree of catabolite repression also supported high levels of synthesis. Little or no LT was released below pH 7.0; therefore, because the pH drops during growth from 7.5 to 6.8, even in highly buffered media, it was necessary to adjust the pH to 8.0 to effect complete release of cell-associated toxin. The defined medium containing three amino acids reduced the amount of UV-absorbing material in culture supernatants about fivefold and increased LT activity for various strains from two- to fivefold over a complex Casamino Acids-yeast extract medium. Conditions found to be optimal for synthesis of LT were inhibitory for the heat-stable enterotoxin.
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PMID:Nutritional requirements for synthesis of heat-labile enterotoxin by enterotoxigenic strains of Escherichia coli. 3

We performed a randomized double-blind controlled study in community medical practice comparing lysine acetylsalicylate (LAS) and paracetamol (PAR). Both drugs were given at the same dose (1 g, thrice daily) during two days; from the third to the seventh day, the patients could freely take the same drug if necessary. The analgesic effect of drugs was measured by two means: an analog scale of pain during day 1 & 2 and the count of drugs units taken during days 3 to 7. The side effects were reported. We included 473 patients (167 men, 306 women) by means of a group of 54 general practitioners. 470 patients were stratified according to the site of pain: head (n = 113), joints (n = 80), back (n = 193), thorax (n = 11), teeth (n = 48), ENT (n = 25). The pain was either acute (73%) or chronic (27%) and scored an average +/- SD of 76 +/- 12 mm on an analog visual scale from 0 to 100 mm. Response was defined as a decrease of at least 50% of the pain score. Before intake of active drugs, all patients were given placebo. Only 14% responded. Under LAS or PAR, although the difference is not statistically significant, the number of responders was slightly higher with LAS than with PAR. Moreover, the study yields some interesting differences. During day 1 and day 2, the patients of the LAS group had less pain than those of the PAR group. This difference became statistically significant at D2 H12 (p < 0.05). LAS was significantly more effective than PAR in patients with back pain (p < 0.01), and there was a trend in favor of LAS in dental and ENT pain, and for intense pain. PAR never yielded better response levels than LAS. Among the placebo-unresponsive patients, the amount of drug taken from day 3 to day 7 was significantly lower in the LAS group than in the PAR group (p < 0.05). The side effects were comparable in both groups. According to the investigators' point of view both drugs were similarly well accepted by the patients (89.3% in LAS group, 94% in PAR group). The fact that LAS seems more effective than PAR in some kinds of pain is to bring near to the anti-inflammatory action of LAS and to its better bioavailability.
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PMID:[Comparative trial of lysine acetylsalicylate and paracetamol on pain in daily medical practice]. 895 56

Silent information regulator two ortholog 1 (SIRT1) is a member of the sirtuin deacetylase family of enzymes that removes acetyl groups from the lysine residues in histones and other proteins. It has been suggested that SIRT1 inhibitors might be beneficial in the treatment of cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. Bioassay-guided fractionation of the MeOH extract of the leaves of CROTON TONKINENSIS resulted in the isolation of a new ENT-kaurane diterpenoid (1) along with 11 known compounds (2- 12). The structure of the new compound 1 was determined to be ENT-11 alpha-acetoxy-7 beta-hydroxykaur-16-en-15-one based on spectroscopic analyses. Compounds 3, 4, 6- 9, 11, and 12 exhibited SIRT1 inhibitory activity in an IN VITRO assay, with IC (50) values ranging from 16.08 +/- 0.11 to 44.34 +/- 2.32 microM. This is the first report showing the potential of ENT-kaurane diterpenoids as a new class of natural SIRT1 inhibitors.
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PMID:SIRT1 inhibitory diterpenoids from the Vietnamese medicinal plant Croton tonkinensis. 2017 71

Chronic rhinosinusitis patients with nasal polyps can be aspirin sensitive or aspirin tolerant. The majority belong to the latter group. They tolerate intake of aspirin or other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, whereas aspirin-sensitive patients have an adverse reaction (asthma, rhinitis and/or urticaria). Diagnosis of aspirin sensitivity is important for the patient, but is rarely undertaken in routine ENT or respiratory medicine practice. Treatment of nasal polyps is by a combination of medical therapy and surgery. Oral and topical steroids form the mainstay of medical therapy, which is aimed at reducing inflammation and symptom improvement. Surgery helps with polyps causing severe nasal obstruction. Despite these therapies, recurrences are common in aspirin sensitive patients. Any adjunctive therapy to prevent or prolong recurrence would be welcome. One such possibility is topical nasal lysine-aspirin. This is an area under current debate and this non-systematic review aims to provide evidence of its use, to date, in aspirin sensitive and aspirin tolerant nasal polyp patients.
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PMID:Topical nasal lysine aspirin in aspirin-sensitive and aspirin-tolerant chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis. 2468 87