Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0262471 (ENT)
 5,307 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In a prospective multicentre study on the clinical significance of ANCA in renal diseases, sera from 920 patients with rapidly progressive renal failure and/or renal disease in association with extrarenal signs suggestive of a systemic vasculitis were tested for the presence of ANCA by indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) and ELISA. 193 of 920 cases (20.9%) were positive by IIF and 180 (19.5%) by ELISA, using a 'crude' cytoplasmic extract as substrate. The sensitivity and specificity of IIF for 'pauci-immune' cresentic necrotizing GN (CNGN), in association or not with systemic vasculitis, was 87.5 and 95.6% respectively. The IIF pattern and antigen specificity (alpha granules and MPO) correlated well with the clinical features: a cANCA pattern (alpha granules) was associated with ENT involvement (probable Wegener's granulomatosis); a pANCA pattern (MPO) with 'idiopathic' CNGN and small-vessel vasculitis without respiratory tract disease (microscopic polyarteritis); patients with a pulmonary-renal syndrome had either c or pANCA in a similar proportion. Our study confirms a high sensitivity and specificity of ANCA for patients with CNGN. ANCA should be considered an important diagnostic test in patients with renal diseases, especially in the presence of rapidly progressive renal failure.
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PMID:Diagnostic significance and antigen specificity of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies in renal diseases. A prospective multicentre study. Italian Group of Renal Immunopathology. 752 6

In order to investigate the effect of oxidative damage due to free radicals on ENT infectious diseases, levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione-peroxidase (GPx) and reductase (GRt) and the total antioxidant status (TAS) were measured by spectrophotometry on tonsillar tissue obtained from tonsillectomy in 538 patients, who were divided in three groups according to their surgical indication: tonsillar hypertrophy (n = 235), recurrent tonsillitis (n = 280) or peritonsillar abscess (n = 23). SOD concentration were also measured on adenoid tissue and middle ear exudate in 75 patients from the first two groups. Erythrocyte and tonsillar SOD levels were significantly greater in the abscess group, and lower in the hypertrophic one. These differences were similar for GPx and TAS. For GRt, its level in abscess were lower than in the other two groups in a statistically significant way. There were strong correlations between erythrocyte and tonsillar SOD, tonsillar SOD and GPx, tonsillar SOD and TAS, and tonsillar GPx and TAS. SOD concentrations from adenoid tissue and middle ear exudate did not affect its blood level. So, we can conclude that tonsillar oxidative damage is determined by the frequency or the severity of local infections, and it can be evaluated by measuring the SOD concentration in the tonsillar tissue or in the peripheral blood. So, it can be considered a good marker of tonsillar damage.
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PMID:[Oxidative profile of tonsil infection. Study of antioxidant enzymes in tonsil and blood]. 1240 89

Sepsis is the most common morbidity in preterm infants, who often receive total parenteral nutrition (TPN). We hypothesized that gut barrier function is compromised in TPN-fed compared with enterally fed newborn piglets (ENT pigs). Colostrum-deprived newborn pigs were implanted with jugular venous and bladder catheters under general anesthesia. Pigs were either administered TPN (n = 15) or fed formula (ENT pigs, n = 15). After 6 days, pigs were gavaged a solution of mannitol, lactulose, and polyethylene glycol 4000 (PEG 4000) and urine was collected for 24 h. At 7 days, small bowel samples were assayed for myeloperoxidase activity, morphometry, and tight junction protein abundance. Intestinal contents and peripheral organ sites were cultured for bacteria. Urinary recovery (%dose) of mannitol (53 vs. 68) was lower, whereas that of lactulose (2.93 vs. 0.18) and PEG 4000 (12.78 vs. 0.96) were higher in TPN vs. ENT pigs, respectively (P < 0.05). Incidence of translocation was similar in TPN and ENT pigs. Myeloperoxidase activity was increased in TPN vs. ENT pigs in the jejunum (P < 0.001) and was weakly correlated with lactulose (R2 = 0.32) and PEG 4000 (R2 = 0.38) recovery. Goblet cell counts did not change, but intraepithelial lymphocyte numbers decreased with TPN. Only claudin-1 protein abundance was increased in the TPN group. We conclude that TPN is associated with impairment of neonatal gut barrier function as measured by permeability but not translocation.
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PMID:Total parenteral nutrition adversely affects gut barrier function in neonatal piglets. 1296 31

A 46-year-old female patient presented to our clinic with complaints of aural fullness and hearing loss for two days. On audiometric examination, she had sensorineural hearing loss in the left ear. Mean pure tone audiometry (PTA) was 53dB. Her medical history was significant for oral medication-controlled diabetes mellitus and chronic thyroiditis. Laboratory studies showed an erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) of 40 mm/h and an anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody directed against myeloperoxidase (MPO-ANCA) level of 33.1 EU/ml. ANCA-associated vasculitis was considered. The patient was started on immunosuppressive treatment. Seven months after the initial episode, the patient suffered a relapse. At 17 month follow-up after the initial event, the patient is healthy with normal hearing. Serum MPO-ANCA is within normal limits.
B-ENT 2013
PMID:A case of sudden hearing loss associated with ANCA. 2364 92