Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0262471 (ENT)
 5,307 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

One hundred and sixty four ENT patients were observed at the Kashima village hospital located on the remote, isolated islands (Islands of Koshiki), Kagoshima prefecture, during two years of April 1987 to March 1989. They were composed of the following conditions; 1. Of the 164 individuals, 46 cases, showing 28.1% were admitted from the other inconvenient districts. 2. About a half of all the patients with acute infectious diseases might be treated by their home doctors. 3. The patients required operative care were contained in the individuals with chronic inflammatory diseases. 4. Most of the cases with acute otitis in summer were caused by naked diving to catch the fishes in these islands. 5. The incidence of the chronic ENT diseases such as perceptive hearing disturbances including the presbyacusis, chronic otitis media, chronic sinusitis, and laryngopharyngeal paresthesia in order, were the same as one of the previous reports in the other remote isolated islands. All the general practitioners worked in the remote isolated islands should be necessary to have a special training of fundamental knowledges and clinical skills in otolaryngology.
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PMID:[A clinical study on the patients with otolaryngological diseases in Koshiki Islands]. 203 48

Hearing disorders are a well-described symptom in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Unilateral or bilateral hyperacusis or deafness in patients with normal sound audiometry is often attributed to demyelinating lesions in the central auditory pathway. Less known in MS is a central phonophobia, whereby acoustic stimuli provoke unpleasant and painful paresthesia and lead to the corresponding avoidance behaviour. In our comparison collective, patient 1 described acute shooting pain attacks in his right cheek each time set off by the ringing of the telephone. Patient 2 complained of intensified, unbearable noise sensations when hearing nonlanguage acoustic stimuli. Patient 3 noticed hearing unpleasant echoes and disorders of the directional hearing. All patients had a clinical brainstem syndrome. ENT inspection, sound audiometry and stapedius reflex were normal. All three patients had pathologically changed auditory evoked potentials (AEPs) with indications of a brainstem lesion, and in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demyelinating lesions in the ipsilateral pons and in the central auditory pathway. The origin we presume in case 1 is an abnormal impulse conduction from the leminiscus lateralis to the central trigeminus pathway and, in the other cases, a disturbance in the central sensory modulation. All patients developed in the further course a clinically definite MS. Having excluded peripheral causes for a hyperacusis, such as, e.g., an idiopathic facial nerve palsy or myasthenia gravis, one should always consider the possibility of MS in a case of central phonophobia. Therapeutic possibilities include the giving of serotonin reuptake inhibitors or acoustic lenses for clearly definable disturbing frequencies.
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PMID:Central hyperacusis with phonophobia in multiple sclerosis. 1247 92

Grisel's syndrome, defined as subluxation of the atlanto-axial joint, not associated with trauma or bone disease, is found primarily in children. There are few references to this syndrome in the ENT literature but it may occur in association with any condition that results in hyperaemia and pathological relaxation of the transverse ligament of the atlanto-axial joint. Several common otolaryngeal conditions have been associated with the syndrome: pharyngitis, adenotonsillitis, tonsillar abscess, cervical abscess, and otitis media. Moreover, the syndrome has been observed after numerous otolaryngologic procedures such as tonsillectomy, adenoidectomy and mastoidectomy. Non-traumatic subluxation of the atlanto-axial joint should be suspected in cases of persistent neck pain and stiffness. X-rays and computed tomography scans of the cervical spine can confirm the diagnosis. Early management, consisting of cervical immobilization and medical treatment, is considered the key factor for a satisfactory outcome. Inappropriate treatment may result in a permanent and painful neck deformity that may even require surgical fusion. Neurological complications have been reported in the literature, with outcome ranging from mild paresthesia, clonus, to quadriplegia or acute respiratory failure and death. The case is described of an 8-year-old boy who developed Grisel's syndrome following adenoidectomy. The pathogenesis, classification, diagnosis, and treatment of this condition are discussed.
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PMID:Grisel's syndrome: a rare complication following adenoidectomy. 1648 83