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Query: UMLS:C0262471 (ENT)
 5,307 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

From the otolaryngologist's point of view, there are multiple causes for the frequent symptom of facial and head pain: headaches due to ear diseases: pain extending to the ear region, with special regard to "referred otalgia" involving the cranail nerves V, IX, X; facial pain due to temporomandibular dysfunction; rhinological causes of facial and head pain, including posttraumatic trigeminal neuralgia and "facial sympathalgies"; the syndrome of the elongated styloid process. The diagnosis and therapy of the "typical" ENT diseases is not described in detail since the paper deals mainly with less known and, regarding their diagnosis and treatment, problematic diseases.
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PMID:[Facial and head pain from the otorhinolaryngologist's point of view (author's transl)]. 14 Sep 75

The authors report 169 therapeutic embolizations in cases of tumoral lesions in the craniocerebral, ENT, and vertebrospinal territories. Most endovascular occlusions performed for tumoral processes are presurgical indications, with the aim of reducing hemorrhage at operation. Embolization becomes practically mandatory for nasopharyngeal angiofibromas, considerably reducing the peroperative bleeding. Indications of embolization for meningiomas must be discussed according to the size and location of the tumors: embolization is especially useful in large tumors or those inserted on the base of the skull, mainly in the middle fossa. In chemodectomas, embolization can be used presurgically or on its own when surgery becomes impossible; angiographic follow-up shows that secondary repermeabilization is frequent in spite of clinical improvement. In malignant tumors of the craniofacial region, indications of embolization must be considered with care because failure of vascularization tends to make radiotherapy less efficient; in these cases, embolization can be useful in reducing pain or to contend with cataclysmal hemorrhages.
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PMID:[Embolization and balloon occlusions in tumoral processes: seven years' experience (author's transl)]. 21 37

Since about 20% of the patients in a headache clinic have ENT complaints an ENT specialist should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment. It is very important to know what structures in the head and neck are sensitive to pain for diagnostic and differential diagnostic purposes. Primary and secondary neuritis are headache mechanisms in otolaryngology and also tension headache, which is specially discussed. Rhinogenous contact headache and headache as cardinal symptom in various syndromes are also stressed as specific to ENT. Finally a scheme is given for investigating a headache patient from the otolaryngological point of view.
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PMID:[Otorhinolaryngological aspects of headache: (author's transl)]. 40 40

The present study deals with data from an on-going collaborative programme of early diagnosis for upper aero-digestive tract tumors established since 1990 by three ENT Departments of the Friuli-Venezia Giulia Region, Northeastern Italy. The aim of the study was firstly to evaluate the socio-economic characteristics and clinical features of alcoholics in treatment who were offered a free ENT check-up, and secondly to test the feasibility of this type of referral of high-risk patients from non-medical associations to the ENT specialist. A total of 683 patients, of which 151 (78%) were males and 151 (22%) were females, underwent ENT examination. About 25% of the patients were symptomatic, the most frequent symptom being dysphonia (50%) followed by cough (19%), while dyspnoea, dysphagia and pain were present in about 5% of the patients. Other than nearly 50% negative findings, ENT examination revealed a high percentage of inflammatory lesions (30%) of the upper aero-digestive tract. In 37 patients (6%) a precancerous lesion was found and in four cases an histologically confirmed tumor was diagnosed. Although the present study cannot be considered a complete screening, it did clearly evaluate the amount of response given by this high-risk population of alcoholics in treatment to the offer of an ENT examination and gives encouraging results concerning the feasibility of early diagnosis programmes for upper aero-digestive tract tumors which do not follow the normal routine of a sanitary referral by a general practitioner.
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PMID:[The program for early diagnosis of the upper respiratory tract and digestive system neoplasms offered to alcoholics in the region of Friuli-Venice Giulia]. 130 70

During the last three years, 79 adults suffering from acute epiglottitis have been treated in the ENT departments of the university hospital Rudolf Virchow, Berlin, 36 women (41 years of age as an average) and 43 men (average age 39 years). Acute epiglottitis developed either all of a sudden, within hours, or gradually, within days. All patients complained of dysphagia and pain in the throat; dyspnea could be observed in 20%. During examination, we could see an inflamed, thickened epiglottis with edema of the arytenoid cartilages. 55 patients reported an infection of the upper airway prior to the onset of symptoms of acute epiglottitis, epiglottic abscess developed in 11 adults. The inflammation responded satisfactorily to conservative antibiotic management (broad spectrum penicillin). Only one patient had to undergo intubation, none of the adults required tracheotomy.
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PMID:[Clinical aspects of acute epiglottitis in adults]. 175 15

Three modes of administration of alfentanil were assessed in order to reduce pain on injection with propofol. Forty healthy children scheduled for ENT surgery were included in this double-blind randomized study. All patients received intrarectal premedication with midazolam and atropine. Pain was scored with a behavioral scale. The children experience pain when alfentanil was administered a few seconds before or just after propofol. An bolus injection reduced significantly discomfort in patients. Dosages of alfentanil in plasma might determine the right moment of propofol injection to obtain analgesia.
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PMID:[The effect of alfentanil on pain caused by the injection of propofol during anesthesia induction in children]. 177 64

The efficacy and tolerability of a new pharmaceutical form of the non-steroid anti-inflammatory drug. Nimesulide have been studied in a double blind study compared with flurbiprofen, in 98 patients aged between 18 and 75 suffering from pain-inflammatory pathologies of ENT nature. Both drugs, administered in a dose of one suppository twice a day for 7 days, showed marked anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activity and produced a significant, progressive improvement in the typical symptoms of the inflammatory state up to their complete remission. Nimesulide evidenced greater speed and duration of therapeutic action. Assessment on the effectiveness and tolerability as expressed separately by the physician and patient were positive in almost all cases of both treatments.
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PMID:[Clinical study of the efficacy of and tolerance to nimesulide in suppository formulation in pain-inflammatory pathologies of the ear, nose, and throat]. 178 92

Toothache occurs as a result of pulpal and periodontal diseases. Due to the nature of their innervation pain is the only means for both pulp and dentine to react to all kinds of external stimuli. The actual mechanism of sensory transmission, however, has not been clarified, yet. In contrast to this, the innervation of the periodontium offers a wide range of mechano-sensitive receptors. Chronic dental pain is mainly the result of inflammatory reactions. Nerve sprouting, summation, convergence in the trigeminal system and regional inflammatory conditions modulate the local pain process, thus complicating diagnosis. The differential diagnostic clarification with regard to neuralgiform and ENT-diseases therefore requires special care with case history and status. Although there have been advances in pain research over the last few years, no fundamental development in dental diagnosis has been brought about, yet. Probing, sensitivity- and percussion testing as well as x-ray exposure are still the most important diagnostic tools for the dental practitioner.
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PMID:[Acute and chronic toothache]. 181

Enteral nutrition via a nasogastric tube is widely used but is inconvenient for patients: the nostril and skin of the nose become irritated and ulcerated, and the tube causes pain and psychological trauma. We have developed a new system which combines the security and ease of nasogastric tube feeding with comfort for the patient. The distal part of the tube is invisibly anchored in the vestibule of the nose, using a special device. The outer part is attached only when feeding is necessary. We report 52 ENT patients who have used this system.
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PMID:[Artificial nutrition with nasogastric catheters. Experiences with a new administration system]. 193 90

Management of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease depends on the importance attached by the physician to symptoms and to risk of complications, ie: stricture, haemorrhage, operation- and drug-hazards. A patient who suffers rarely and during short periods could require dietary and postural recommendations and the use of the following drugs: antacids, alginates, prokinetic agents and/or H2-receptor antagonists. We consider that the rarity of stricture rules out the necessity of any change in management, whether or not erosive oesophagitis is observed at endoscopy. Most patients are treated with these drugs. On the other hand, when symptoms are frequent and occur daily and especially at night and when H2-receptor antagonists fail to relieve the pain, a more potent drug such as omeprazole is to be administered. The same applies to patients running the risk of haemorrhage resulting from anticoagulant coexisting therapy, the later condition requiring the lesions to be healed and relapse prevented. In the long run, the choice between a drug (H2-receptor antagonist or omeprazole) taken daily and surgery can be debated. Even when a stricture is present surgery is no longer necessary due to failure of conservative management. The decision depends on the operation-linked risks relative to the patient's condition and on his or her compliance to daily drug-administration. Respiratory or ENT complications are often difficult to alleviate by H2-receptor antagonists and may need to be treated with omeprazole.
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PMID:[Therapeutic strategy in the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux]. 198 74


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