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Query: UMLS:C0262471 (ENT)
 5,307 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Isolated surgical approaches to tumor treatment have largely reached a point beyond which prospects appear to be unpromising. The search for more promising therapeutic approaches, therefore, has become a compelling challenge. Surgico-adjuvant tumour chemotherapy has been more thoroughly studied than anything else in that direction. The underlying theoretical concept seems to be persuasive, though clinical results have so far stayed below expectations. Secured prolongation of life, following this therapy, has so far proved to be probable only for cases of osteosarcoma, mammary carcinoma with high risk of recurrence, testicular tumours, and neurogenic tumours. Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy seems to work well in cases of ENT tumours. Model studies into Lewis-Lung carcinoma have shown that therapeutic effects cannot be guaranteed unless a sensitised tumour is treated with an effective preparation. This is likely to add to the long-range importance of the individual aspects relating to surgico-adjuvant tumour chemotherapy. Methods have been and continue to be developed for that purpose. Yet, all of them need to be methodologically improved. At present, waiting for such improvement, surgico-adjuvant tumour chemotherapy should be used only within the framework of controlled clinical studies.
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PMID:[Adjuvant chemotherapy in cancer surgery]. 332 55

Autofluorescence bronchoscopy (AFB) has been shown to be sensitive to detect preneoplastic lesions in central airways. Apart from bronchial mucosa thickness, tissue autofluorescence is also related to the biochemical properties of the target cells. Genetic studies have shown molecular abnormalities to be present in histologically normal mucosal specimens. Forty-six high-risk individuals, free of micro-invasive cancer at the initiation of the study, were included in this analysis and have been subjected to repeat bronchoscopic examinations every 4-6 months. They had previous curatively treated lung cancer (n=18), ENT tumor (n=11) or were at risk to acquire lung cancer primaries (n=17). Baseline AFB is scored for each suspicious lesion, thus the total score represents the number of AFB suspicious lesions present in each individual at risk. Baseline AFB score was correlated to outcome, i.e. the development of squamous-cell cancer (SCC) in each individual. So far, 11/46 (24%) of the individuals acquired SCC. Follow up has been 12-80 months. All five individuals with >/=3 lesions (100%, 12-36 months), five of the ten (50%, 12-48 months) individuals who had two lesions and one among the 12 (8%, 36 months) individuals with one suspicious AFB lesion, developed SCC. Up till now (12-80 months), the remaining 19 individuals without any suspicious AFB lesion have not acquired SCC. The average AFB score for the group of individuals which developed SCC was significantly different (P<0.001) from the remaining individuals who did not acquire SCC (2.64+/-1.1 vs. 0.6+/-0.7 S.D.). The number of suspicious lesions at baseline AFB is a good predictor for the development of SCC in the individuals at risk in our study population. This finding is compatible with field carcinogenesis and warrants a more upfront use of AFB in a lung cancer screening to sift the different risk-cohorts in a population mainly at risk for developing metachronous lung cancer.
Lung Cancer 2003 Sep
PMID:Multiple suspicious lesions detected by autofluorescence bronchoscopy predict malignant development in the bronchial mucosa in high risk patients. 1292 20