Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0262471 (ENT)
 5,307 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The problem of diagnosis and treatment of precanceroses and carcinome of the larynx is still one of the foremost interests of ENT specialists. In 1973 to 1982 82 patients with precanceroses of the larynx and 174 patients with carcinoma of the larynx were detected and treated. In the treatment of precanceroses of the larynx the laryngomicro-surgical procedure proved useful. In the third stage of Reinke's oedema a satisfactory functional effect was achieved in 100%, in solitary papilloma and papillomatosis in 88%, in leukoplakia and pachyderma in 76% and in chronic hyperplastic in 67%. Least relapses were recorded in the third stage of Reinke's oedema (0%) and in chronic hyperplastic laryngitis (23%). In the treatment of carcinoma of the larynx combined surgical and radiation therapy is preferable and was used in 55.4% patients; in 36.9% patients only irradiation was used and in 7.7% patients only surgical treatment. Within the framework of surgical and combined treatment 52.8% patients were subjected to laryngectomy and 47.2% to various types of partial resections of the larynx. By combined treatment five-year survival was achieved in 67.5% patients; in stage I and II of carcinoma in as many as 87.5% and in stage III and IV only in 47.5%. In patients after actinotherapy five-year survival was attained only in 45% of the patients, and in those with a supraglottic localization of the tumour only in 30%.
 ...
PMID:[Treatment of precanceroses and carcinoma of the larynx]. 235 Aug 8

Since 1973, 307 patients have been treated for Reinke's oedema in the ENT Department of the University of Marburg. A retrospective study from 1983 and observations up to 1989 investigated the aetiology and the prognosis of the disease. Two aetiological factors were found: smoking and voice abuse. Surgical treatment, stripping of the vocal cords as described by Kleinsasser was successful. There were no recurrences and no malignant degenerations. The prognosis was considered to be good. Two other long-term studies of Reinke's oedema are compared with our findings. Controversial opinions about the therapy are discussed.
 ...
PMID:[Pathogenesis and clinical aspects of Reinke edema. Long-term studies]. 260 40

From a number of medically useful lasers, mainly the neodymium YAG and the carbon dioxide laser are employed in otorhinolaryngology. Until now, the neodymium YAG laser has been used only for coagulation of vessels in Osler's disease and for palliative treatment of malignant tracheo-oesophageal disease. However, the deep coagulation necrosis of the adjacent tissues severely restricts its use. The most widely utilised laser in ENT surgery is the carbon dioxide laser. Its main effect of precise cutting with an extremely fine zone of coagulation reduces bleeding after incision considerably. Secondary tissue reactions, delayed healing, decreased fibroblast activity and maybe more prominent subepithelial scarring, limit its use especially in the glottic region. Therefore, minor vocal cord alterations such as vocal nodules, cysts or polyps suitable for excision with scissors, should not be removed by laser. Optional indications are Reinke's oedema, intubation granulomas and contact pachydermas. Clear advantages of laser use are seen in the treatment of juvenile papillomas of the vocal fold and of smaller vocal cord carcinomas or recurrences after irradiation therapy of these. The carbon dioxide laser is superior to all other indications in the removal of large and obstructing laryngeal carcinomas to prevent tracheostomy. Very reliable is its use in the ablation of lingual tonsillar tissue to improve or eliminate symptoms in recurrent lingual tonsillitis. Transoral resection of small malignant lesions in the oral and pharyngeal cavity may be performed in analogy to electric cautery. The advantages of the laser compared to electrical surgery are a smaller postoperative oedema and less pain, as well as good spontaneous epithelialisation of defects.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:[Laser surgery in ENT surgery]. 340 25