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Query: UMLS:C0262471 (ENT)
 5,307 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Twelve patients with nasal polyposis were examined with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) prior to surgical ethmoidectomies (20 ethmoidectomies). MRI signal was analyzed in correlation with surgical findings in order to define the semiology of nasal and sinuses polyps. One of the most important point of this semiology is based on the analysis of sequences after administration of gadolinium. MRI seems an interesting method for analysing the extension of nasal polyposis and could be useful for ENT surgeons before an endoscopic nasal surgery.
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PMID:[Nasal and sinusal polyposis. Semiology and values of magnetic resonance imaging]. 130 98

One hundred patients, aged 13-79 years, have undergone 195 endoscopic 'ethmoidectomies'. The operative method was entirely based upon the Messerklinger technique. In this study there were two main groups. (1) Patients with moderate to massive nasal/endonasal polyposis. (2) Patients with recurrent sinusitis. In the second group, the preoperative endoscopic findings were dominated by disease in the middle meatus and in the area of the anterior ethmoid, verified either by conventional hypocycloidal or computed tomography. Close to 90% of the patients were treated on an out-patient basis, under local anaesthesia. No serious peroperative complications (major bleeding, CSF leak, or visual problems) have been encountered. Thorough and meticulous post-operative care to avoid adhesions and renewed ostiomeatal obstruction, is felt to be important. The mean follow-up was 14 months. The post-operative results are encouraging, and correspond to larger European and American reports. The Messerklinger technique has proved to be suitable for smaller ENT departments, such as ours, especially as the patients can be treated on an out-patient basis using local/topical anaesthesia.
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PMID:Functional endoscopic sinus surgery on a day case out-patient basis. 149 18

Nasal polyposis is in 25-70% complicated by the development of bronchial asthma, its attribute being bronchial hyperreactivity (BH). The authors examined 101 patients (23 with polyps and asthma, 53 with polyps and 35 controls) using the standard bronchoconstriction test as described by Cockroft and Vondra). By inhalation of increasing concentrations of histamine solutions the provoking concentration, PC20, was assessed. In the group with polyps and asthma 56% patients suffered from spontaneous bronchial obstruction and 44% from high and medium BH (PC20 less than 1.0 mg/ml). In patients with nasal polyposis alone in 21% spontaneous obstruction was found or a high BH, similarly as in the group suffering from asthma (PC20 less than 0.5 mg/ml). A medium BH was recorded in 23% and a mild BH in 26% (PC20 less than 1-2 mg/ml). 30% of patients with polyps are normoreactive (PC20 greater than 2 mg/ml). In the control group all patients were normoreactive. Patients with polyps and a high or medium BH are a risk group (44% of patients) threatened by the development of asthma. They call for longitudinal follow up of the BH and frequent check-up examinations by an ENT specialist and allergologist. Many years' verification of this hypothesis and evaluation of other risk factors is necessary for a more detailed analysis of the risk group of patients with polyps.
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PMID:[Bronchial reactivity in patients with nasal polyps]. 228 43

ENT involvement is very frequent in mucoviscidosis, particularly rhinitis and sinusitis. This prospective study, which spanned from September 1st, 1988 to August 31st, 1989 anc included 27 children with cystic fibrosis of pancreas was carried out with the intent of determining the incidence of the various associated diseases, their bacteriologic profile, and the optimal therapeutic procedure. Less than a child in 5 is symptomless when the nose and sinuses are affected. Polyposis is found to occur in 6/27 cases, and all children have sinus radio-opacities. Ear disease is rare (1/4 of cases) and is manifested by asymptomatic tubal dysfunction with minimal audiometric repercussions. Bacteriologic specimens of sputum and sinus purulent discharge show simultaneous germ positivity (10 times out of 11). Our therapeutic recommendations are based on our own experience as well as literature data, and are, in our opinion, only relevant for children with clinical signs of disease, as opposed to advocating systematic treatment of sinus foci found on X-ray.
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PMID:[Otorhinolaryngologic involvement in cystic fibrosis]. 234 26

Several studies have been reported suggesting a relationship between pharyngeal obstruction due to ENT pathology and the sleep apnea syndrome (SAS). To determine the incidence of pathological ENT findings that may present symptoms similar to SAS, we performed ENT examination, fiberoptic nasopharyngoscopy, rhinomanometry and partial audiometry and electronystagmography in 431 patients who had undergone polysomnography for clinically suspected SAS. 336 patients were referred for ENT examination; 95 patients had some kind of ENT disease and therapy before polysomnography. In the first group 31% showed one or more pathological ENT finding (ears 9%, nasopharynx 2%, nose 19%, oropharynx 5%, larynx 5%, neck 1%); 10.5% had pathology in two regions and 0.7% in three regions. An ENT operation was indicated in 23%, usually for nasal obstruction. ENT findings included chronic otitis media, adenoids, enlargement of lingual tonsil and vocal cord pathology, but no patient had a malignant tumor or severe pharyngeal obstruction. We conclude that severe anatomical abnormalities or dysplastic syndromes are rare; only 2 SAS patients had acromegaly due to hypophyseal adenoma and 1 patient without SAS had craniofacial dysplasia. However, ENT examination frequently revealed severe nasal obstruction due to septal deviation, polyposis or adenoids. These findings emphasize the need for ENT examination and therapy before application of CPAP (continuous positive air pressure) therapy.
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PMID:[How frequent are pathologic ENT findings in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome?]. 260 43

Various definitions have been proposed for the term 'chronic sinusitis' but too often reports on chronic sinusitis lack a definition. In order to improve the diagnosis and treatment of this disease, and also to facilitate comparisons between clinical investigations, definitions of 'chronic maxillary sinusitis' of either rhinogenous or dental origin are proposed. It is suggested that the differential diagnosis should be based upon the duration of symptoms, ENT and dental examinations, sinus radiographs and/or sinoscopy, and results of conservative treatment. In a study conducted over a 5-year period, 198 patients with 244 affected sinuses fulfilled the proposed criteria. The incidence of chronic maxillary sinusitis in the population was 0.02%. A dental cause was found in 40.6% of the sinuses. The dental cause could be confirmed by routine dental examination in only 43 of 99 cases, while an extended maxillo-dental examination was conclusive in the other cases (56/99). Marginal periodontitis was found as frequently as periapical granuloma and together they constituted 83% of all dental causes. Sinusitis of dental origin was rare before the age of 30. Every sixth patient was found to have nasal polyposis. When related to the number of affected sinuses, the incidence of nasal polyposis was 13.1% in sinusitis of dental origin and 23.4% in that of rhinogenous origin. The importance of close cooperation between the ENT specialist and the oral surgeon is stressed.
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PMID:Chronic maxillary sinusitis. Definition, diagnosis and relation to dental infections and nasal polyposis. 370 56

Chronic and recurrent rhinitis is a very common complaint in ENT practice. For the differential diagnosis we use a battery of investigations including cytological examination of the nasal mucus. It was attempted to establish a correlation between the observable pathology of cellular elements from a nasal smear and the different types of pathologies, i.e.: specific allergic or atopic rhinopathy, nasal polyposis, coryza, and sinusitis. The cell types included in this study are: neutrophils, eosinophils, ciliated columnar cells with and without well preserved cilia and goblet cells. This study included about 500 nasal smears from about 360 patients. A group control patients without nasal complaints was included. The results demonstrated that investigation of local nose secretions is helpful in the differential diagnosis of exudative rhinopathy.
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PMID:[Value of nose cytology as a diagnostic aid]. 729 70

All cases of nasal polyposis seen in a district hospital in Nigeria over a 5 year period were analysed in a prospective study to determine the aetiological pattern, the prevalence, occurrence and pathological types as well as predisposing factors. Out of the 172 patients treated, 144 had common nasal polyps while 28 patients had nasal polyps resulting from tumors. Out of the 144 patients, 103 had inflammatory polyps, 39 were of allergic origin and 2 due to cystic fibrosis. Peak presentation was between 31-40 years with a total of 58 patients (33.72%). All the patients with nasal polyposis represented 0.74% of all attendances to the ENT clinic over the period. There was no sex difference. Nasal polypectomy was carried out in all the patients while Caldwell-Luc's operation and Antrum Washout were carried out on selected cases. There were recurrences in 18 patients over the period. Delay in reporting to the NET clinic was attributed to ignorance on the part of both the patients and the general practitioners who often treated their presenting symptoms as common cold and catarrh.
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PMID:Nasal polyposis in a Nigerian district hospital. 775 90

Endoscopic surgery has progressed in the 90's, improving many surgical procedures in several specialties, among which, the ENT has been one of the most favored. In the present work we review the clinical features, surgical results and follow up of 239 patients who underwent microsurgery and endoscopic surgery of paranasal sinuses. All the patients were treated with a combined microscopic/endoscopic surgical procedures for recurrent or chronic sinusitis and/or nasosinusal polyposis. We performed 349 surgical procedures in 239 patients: 140 etmoidectomies, 194 procedures in the maxillary sinuses, 12 in the frontal sinuses and 3 in the sphenoidal sinuses. All the patients received previous medical treatment without positive results. Minor complications were present in 2% of the patients and major complications in 1.4% of the patients, that were solved in the immediate postoperatory. Follow up was made in 83% of the cases for a mean period of 20 months (range 12 to 48 months). Good results were obtained in 94% of the patients with chronic or recurrent sinusitis and in 82% of the patients with nasal polyposis.
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PMID:[Surgery of paranasal sinuses: evaluation and follow-up of 239 patients operated on by microendoscopy]. 787 35

In a prospective clinical study, 84 patients aged 3 months to 34 years (mean age: 12 years; 53 males and 31 females), with cystic fibrosis systematically underwent an ENT examination, including rigid endoscopy of the anterior nasal cavity and lateral nasal wall. In 28 cases, CT-scan of the sinuses was performed. Mucopyosinusitis of the maxillary sinus with medial projection of the inter-naso-sinusal wall was present in 10 children (12%, mean age: 4 years; range: 3 months to 8 years). Nasal polyposis was present in 37 patients (45%) from the age of 5 years on (mean age: 15 years). Nasal obstruction was the main complaint when the condition was severe. The routine use of the endoscope makes it possible to diagnose early pathological changes of the lateral nasal wall. Local treatment could then help slow down progress evolution toward a more massive involvement.
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PMID:Pathological changes of the lateral nasal wall in patients with cystic fibrosis (mucoviscidosis). 815 12


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