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Query: UMLS:C0262471 (ENT)
 5,307 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The relation between cleft palate and middle ear disturbances is well known. Often the ENT specialist will see the patient only after the middle ear has been damaged so that it cannot be corrected any more satisfactorily. Therefore early otological diagnosis (including audiometry, impedance measurement, ERA, microscopic examination of the ear drum and essential myringotomy) and early treatment should be performed in the general plan of treatment in cleft patients.
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PMID:[Middle ear problems associated with cleft palate (author's transl)]. 39 Mar 69

The results of conventional pure-tone audiometry and impedance audiometry are compared in 386 pre-school children. The children showing abnormal audiograms were subjected to a repeated examination in the ENT Clinic a few weeks later. It was shown, that all children, whose hearing disorders were confirmed, had already had abnormal impedance measurements during the screening examination. On the other hand, pathological changes of the ears were detected in 5.92% of the children only by the impedance measurements and not by the conventional puretone audiometry. Evaluation of the pressure and the acoustic reflex of the middle ear by impedance audiometry is preferred. It is well recommended in the examination of pre-school children, because the procedure takes little time and is easy to perform.
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PMID:[A comparison of impedance and pure tone audiometry in children (author's transl)]. 45 66

On the basis of our own experiences and the current literature, the following guidelines were established for the evaluation of scubadivers: 1. The ENT physical examination must include otoscopy and the valsalva manoeuver. The scubadiver should be able to promptly and symmetrically inflate his middle ear spaces. A central perforation is a relative contraindication, while a marginal ear drum perforation is an absolute contraindication for scubadiving. 2. Recommendations to the diver: Ear pressure equalibration should be performed continuously with increasing and decreasing water depth. Ear plugs should never be used. 3. Management of diving injuries: Barotitis should be treated in a manner similar to acute otitis media. Transient vertigo while ascending (alternobaric vertigo) without nystagmus or hearing impairment needs no further vestibular examination. A middle ear exploration is indicated when there is suspicion of a perilymphatic fistula.
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PMID:[Middle and inner ear barotrauma caused by scubadiving (author's transl)]. 52 29

Here we report a first three years clinical experience with allogenetic ossicles in middle ear surgery. The several allogenetic implants in tympanoplasty type III are coordinated to symbolic abbreviations for documentation. The technique and biology of Cialit-preservation is summarized. Findings and results vindicate the application of allogenetic ossicles outside large ENT hospitals too.
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PMID:[A clinical study on allogenetic ossicle-implantation (author's transl)]. 62 84

One hundred and sixty-five cases of different kind of ossiculoplasty in patients suffering from chronic middle ear disease were performed at the ENT department of Papanikolaou Hospital in Thessaloniki, Greece, during the years 1988-1990. There were 40 cases of incus transposition, 47 cases in which polyethylene TORPs and PORPs were used and 77 cases of hydroxylapatite prostheses (41 TORPs and 37 double notch PORPs). Hearing success was defined as a post-operative air-bone gap of < 20 dB. According to this criterion 74 per cent of the incus transposition cases were successful, 61 per cent of the polyethylene TORPs, 65 per cent of the hydroxylapatite TORPs, 40 per cent of the polyethylene TORPs, and 89 per cent of the double notch hydroxylapatite PORPs. It is obvious that ceramic PORPs produced the best results, while there was no statistical difference, regarding the hearing improvement, among the different kinds of TORPs which were used. Extrusion rate and other kinds of complications are also discussed, as well as a case of severely damaged ceramic TORP, within two years due to middle ear infection.
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PMID:Ossiculoplasty with the use of autografts and synthetic prosthetic materials: a comparison of results in 165 cases. 132 34

The Dentine Ossicular Prosthesis (DOP)--introduced in the ENT-Department, University of Hamburg in 1986--has proved its worth clinically in more than 300 cases. In the meantime six of the prostheses had to be removed for various reasons. They had remained in the middle ear over a period between 2-5 and 47 months. The prostheses were investigated undecalcified by the Donath sawing and grinding technique. Prostheses in a nearly bland surrounding show a partial invagination in fibrous connective tissue without severe reaction of the prosthesis itself, whereas in prostheses removed from the neighbourhood of inflammatory processes or recurrent cholesteatoma a partial resorption of dentine with subsequent new bone formation could be observed. Due to the trouble-free clinical and histological performance in the human middle ear, the Dentine Ossicular Prosthesis can be well recommended as an alternative material in ossiculoplasty.
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PMID:[Histological studies of the behavior of the dentin ossicular prosthesis in the human middle ear]. 141 27

The etiology of middle ear disease in Nijmegen, The Netherlands was studied on the basis of a data set collected in a prospective epidemiological study on otitis media with effusion (OME) in a cohort of 1439 preschool children. A factor analysis was used to evaluate two hypotheses: (1) that OME, acute otitis media (AOM), common cold and tonsillitis are manifestations of the same pathological entity, and (2) that a group of children can be distinguished who develop these conditions more frequently than average. The results only partly supported these hypotheses. The correlation between OME, AOM, common cold and tonsillitis was lower than expected from a review of the literature. Common cold appeared to be the ubiquitous ENT disease in childhood and, depending on the child's predisposition, could be accompanied by OME, AOM or tonsillitis. The course of middle ear and upper airway disease showed a gradual scale from "healthy" to "ill" with most of the children suffering from these conditions at an average frequency.
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PMID:An epidemiological approach to the etiology of middle ear disease in The Netherlands. 148 34

The symptom tinnitus may be due to a number of causes. Pathological processes within the sense-organ "ear" as well as non-otologic diseases may result in tinnitus. Therefore a thorough ENT diagnosis is necessary. The evaluation of the patient includes the history, ENT-status examination, audiological and vestibular findings, imaging investigations and, if necessary, examinations by other specialists. The therapy of tinnitus is difficult. If possible, the therapy should be causally orientated. Mostly, this is only the case with tinnitus caused by diseases of the external and middle ear. The therapeutic aim is the compensation of tinnitus. The most common type of tinnitus is of cochlear-synaptic origin. According to results of inner ear research new possibilities of pharmacologically influencing the cochlear synapse have been found. By intravenous application of the specific Quisqualate antagonist glutamic acid diethyl ester (GDEE) 77.2% of our patients with cochlear synaptic tinnitus noted a tinnitus reduction.
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PMID:[Tinnitus: causes, diagnosis, therapy]. 152 18

Epithelial cells were obtained by swabbing the posterior wall of the nasopharynx (NPH) of 15 patients (age one to 6 8/12 years; eight males, seven females) undergoing ENT-surgery under general anaesthesia for otitis media with effusion (OME). Individually matched, ear healthy children served as controls. Bacteria attached to the non-ciliated cells were calculated according to a method described. Furthermore, quantitative and qualitative bacteriological analyses were performed on samples obtained from mucoid middle ear effusion material as well as from the NPH. All patients and controls harboured middle ear pathogens (S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, B. catarrhalis, or S. aureus) in the NPH. Only 33 per cent of the patients harboured middle ear pathogens in the middle ear effusion and the same pathogen was invariably found in the corresponding NPH. Attachment of bacteria to the non-ciliated cells of the NPH diminished significantly with growing age in the ear healthy control group but not in the OME group. OME is closely correlated to the presence of middle ear pathogens in the NPH and to attachment of bacteria to the epithelial cells in the NPH.
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PMID:Bacterial attachment in vivo to epithelial cells of the nasopharynx during otitis media with effusion. 155 81

Myringotomy is one of the commonest procedures carried out by ENT surgeons. Analysis of middle ear aspirate is sometimes helpful in the management of ear disease. A simple method of constructing an apparatus for collection of middle ear aspirate is described.
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PMID:An ad hoc tympanocentesis apparatus. 161 70


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