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Query: UMLS:C0262471 (ENT)
 5,307 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

High-frequency jet ventilation (HFJV) and high-frequency positive pressure ventilation (HFPPV) occupy a specific place in the wide range of ventilatory support techniques available for anesthesia and critical care. In anesthesia, HFJV and HFPPV have been proved to be superior to conventional ventilation in ENT surgery, laryngoscopies, laser surgery, bronchoscopies, surgery of the upper airways, surgical resection of aneurysms involving the thoracic descending aorta, vocal cord surgery, microsurgery for superficial temporal artery to middle cerebral artery anastomosis and lithotripsy. In intensive care, HFJV and HFPPV offer some advantages over conventional ventilation with PEEP in the presence of acute respiratory failure with circulatory shock, acute ventricular failure, bronchopleural fistula with large airleak flows and tracheal lesions secondary to tracheostomy or prolonged intubation. In many other clinical situations HFJV and HFPPV have produced results identical with those obtained with conventional ventilation. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma are absolute contra-indications to both techniques because overdistension and/or hypoventilation occur in the presence of increased respiratory compliance and/or elevated bronchial resistance. In unilateral lung disease HFJV and HFPPV offer no advantage over conventional ventilation.
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PMID:Clinical use of high frequency ventilation. 264 32

Grisel's syndrome, defined as subluxation of the atlanto-axial joint, not associated with trauma or bone disease, is found primarily in children. There are few references to this syndrome in the ENT literature but it may occur in association with any condition that results in hyperaemia and pathological relaxation of the transverse ligament of the atlanto-axial joint. Several common otolaryngeal conditions have been associated with the syndrome: pharyngitis, adenotonsillitis, tonsillar abscess, cervical abscess, and otitis media. Moreover, the syndrome has been observed after numerous otolaryngologic procedures such as tonsillectomy, adenoidectomy and mastoidectomy. Non-traumatic subluxation of the atlanto-axial joint should be suspected in cases of persistent neck pain and stiffness. X-rays and computed tomography scans of the cervical spine can confirm the diagnosis. Early management, consisting of cervical immobilization and medical treatment, is considered the key factor for a satisfactory outcome. Inappropriate treatment may result in a permanent and painful neck deformity that may even require surgical fusion. Neurological complications have been reported in the literature, with outcome ranging from mild paresthesia, clonus, to quadriplegia or acute respiratory failure and death. The case is described of an 8-year-old boy who developed Grisel's syndrome following adenoidectomy. The pathogenesis, classification, diagnosis, and treatment of this condition are discussed.
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PMID:Grisel's syndrome: a rare complication following adenoidectomy. 1648 83

Acute respiratory failure is an uncommon initial presentation of myasthenia gravis (MG). In our case a 22-year-old woman of unrecognized MG presented to the emergency department with isolated respiratory failure as the first presenting symptom. Initially she presented with dysphonia and was managed by speech therapist and ENT surgeons for 3 months. Subsequently, she presented with signs and symptoms of sepsis and went into acute respiratory failure. This case highlights the need to consider MG in the differential diagnosis of an otherwise unexplained respiratory failure in the critical care setting.
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PMID:An undiagnosed myasthenia gravis presenting as isolated recurrent acute respiratory failure. 2234 3