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Query: UMLS:C0262471 (ENT)
 5,307 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

After the review of the morphology, the identification and the pathogenic properties of H. influenzae, its occurrence in the different ENT infections is discussed. H. influenzae is found in chronic tonsillitis in 64% of the cases, in the deeper tissue of the tonsils, while its occurrence in the throat swabs is rare. In acute otitis media H. Influenzae is present in 10 to 150% of the cases, while in rhinitis and sinusitis its increasing occurrence until 1974 is noted (28% of all sinusitis cases showed H. Influenzae in that year); since 1974 its occurrence is somewhat decreasing: 18% in 1976. Susceptibility testing for antibiotics with the disc-method is unreliable; we have to use the tube or plate-dilution methods. The increasing occurrence of ampicilline resistant strains of H. influenzae is discussed.
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PMID:[Increasing importance of Haemophilus influenzae in nose, ear and throat infections]. 30 28

The fact that ENT doctors infrequently diagnose hemophilia is explained by their inadequate knowledge of the disease. We examined 35 patients suffering from hemophilia A and 3 patients suffering from hemophilia B. The most frequent ENT pathology in them was relapsing nasal hemorrhages of varying intensity and duration (20 patients). Chronic tonsillitis was identified in 17 hemophiliacs. In 2 patients, angina was aggravated by hemorrhages from the tonsils and life-threatening hemorrhages to the soft tissues of the pharynx, neck and mediastinum which led to airways stenosis. In 3 patients, adenoids of the I degree and in 5 patients, adenoids of the II degree were detected. Among other ENT pathologies mention should be made of deformed nasal septum (13 cases), chronic otitis media (4 cases) and chronic suppurative mesotympanitis (1 case). In summary, the most common ENT disease in hemophiliacs is pathology of the lymphadenoid pharyngeal ring detected in more than half of the patients examined. Taking into consideration the specific and life-threatening pattern of potential complications of this pathology, it is important to choose efficient therapeutic methods.
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PMID:[Specific features of otorhinolaryngologic diseases in patients with hemophilia]. 231 11

Sinus x-rays were taken of all children admitted for surgery to the ENT Department of Bochum for one year. 43.9% of 273 children and 29% of 14 healthy control children showed opacities of the maxillary sinuses. As described previously, sinusitis in childhood produces few symptoms. Patients with nasal obstruction due to adenoids did not show a higher incidence of pathological changes on sinus x-rays. Children with sinusitis did not have a higher rate of combined chronic otitis media, chronic bronchitis and chronic tonsillitis than the patients without pathological changes on the sinus x-rays.
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PMID:[Paranasal sinusitis in children]. 662 71

The concept of focal infection is still valid. Besides hematogenous spread of bacteriae and their toxins also the proliferation of infection along the mucosal inner surfaces of the upper aero-digestive tract may be the origin of remote secondary manifestations. The diagnostic of chronic tonsillitis or occult sinusitis is sometimes difficult. While the ENT-specialist is responsible for both the detection of a focus in the head and neck region and its safe removal, the interrelationship between a focus and its actual secondary disease must be diagnosed by the inquiring discipline (general practitioner, internist, pediatrician etc.). The indication of surgical interventions, therefore, is an interdisciplinary task.
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PMID:[Focal infections in the head and neck region. An interdisciplinary problem]. 726 62

Because of tonsillogenic intoxication, chronic tonsillitis (CT) impairs reproductive system of women of childbearing age. This may result in dysmenorrhea. CT patients often have hormonal disorders, especially in decompensated CT. Women with dysmenorrhea should be sent for consultation to ENT specialist who will conduct necessary treatment.
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PMID:[Effects of tonsillogenic intoxication on dysmenorrhea in women of childbirth age]. 1051 Jun 35

Data are available on 14 patients with sarcoidosis of the face and upper respiratory tracts (11 females and 4 males, age from 29 to 71 years). 4 patients had isolated ENT lesion. In 3 cases, sarcoidosis was found at histological examination of the material removed in the course of surgery for chronic tonsillitis, recurrent purulent cyst, pyopolypous maxilloethmoiditis. Pain at the site of skin and mucosa affection was minor, ulceration was absent. Standard treatment was effective. 12 patients were followed up for 3 to 15 years. Good results were achieved in 2 patients, the rest were cured with a picture of mucosal atrophy in the lesion zone.
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PMID:[Sarcoidosis of face and upper respiratory tracts]. 1076 18

The so-called focal infections are today considered to be poly-etiologic manifestations, in which there is a summation of various aggressions. The concept of focal infection is still not exactly defined. Bacterial products, toxic or antigenic substances originating from different foci are but one of the elements susceptible of unleashing the disease. This explains why there are so many foci and so few results after their elimination. The diagnosis of chronic tonsillitis or occult sinusitis especially concerning a focal disease is sometimes difficult. The ENT-specialist is responsible for both the detection of a focus in the head and neck region and its operative treatment. The interrelationship between a focal infection and its actual secondary disease must be diagnosed by the primarily inquired doctor. The diagnosis and the treatment of focal infections of the head and neck region are an interdisciplinary problem.
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PMID:[Some aspects of focal infections of the head and neck region]. 1083 12

Of 115 patients admitted to hospital in 1994-1997 for stomatopharyngeal diphtheria (SPD), 41(35.7%) patients had compensated chronic tonsillitis (CT), while 17(14.8%) patients had decompensated CT. The ENT examinations carried out from the first day of the hospitalization helped to establish CT diagnostic criteria in localized form of SPD. It is shown that CT in diphtheric patients, especially decompensated CT, delays regress of local symptoms, extension of microbiocenotic spectrum and stomatopharynx contamination, prolongs carriage of diphtheric corinobacteria.
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PMID:[Clinical laboratory characteristics of the course of local oropharyngeal diphtheria in patients with chronic tonsillitis]. 1133 54

Microbiological and chromato-mass-spectrometric examinations were made in 53 patients with chronic maxillary ethmoiditis and 52 patients with chronic tonsillitis. The microflora showed strong resistance to unprotected penicillines and cephalosporins, 100% sensitivity to amoxicilline clavulanate and mupirocine. The role of opportunistic microflora as pathogens of ENT inflammation is growing as well as the percentage of anaerobic microorganisms detected chromato-mass-spectrometrically in chronic inflammation. Administration of mupirocine on polyethylenglicol base early after operation in patients with chronic maxillary ethmoiditis accelerated recovery of the study group patients by 2-3 days vs control patients.
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PMID:[Microbiological aspects of effective antibiotic therapy early after operation in chronic maxillary ethmoiditis and tonsillitis]. 1502 24

Economies in National Health Systems forces ENT surgeons to review their indications for outpatient tonsillectomy. Therefore, it is important to preoperatively identify special risk groups who frequently have extensive posttonsillectomy bleeding with the need of a blood transfusion. Aim of this study was to estimate the incidence for posttonsillectomy bleeding related blood transfusion, to identify risk factors associated with the need for blood transfusion and to release guidelines for posttonsillectomy bleeding of high risk patients. A retrospective study was done on the medical history of 1720 patients who underwent tonsillectomy for chronic tonsillitis between 1982-1993 in the ENT Department at the University of Kiel. The average transfusion rate was 0.52%. End Stage Renal Disease and hypertension combined with a preoperatively decreased Hb and Hct were the risk factors identified leading to a transfusion. These patients should not get a tonsillectomy as an outpatient procedure. The Hb, Hct, PT, PTT, blood type and crossmatch should be drawn and assessed prior to tonsillectomy. We recommend immediate treatment of secondary hemorrhage in those high risk patients under general anesthesia to avoid severe complications.
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PMID:Incidence and clinical background of posttonsillectomy bleeding related blood transfusion over 12 years. 1573 24


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