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Query: UMLS:C0262471 (ENT)
 5,307 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Antibiotherapy has lead to a substantial decrease in the number of infants with acute mastoiditis or complications thereof. However, the non-negligible incidence of protracted otitis currently observed has caused one to raise several pathogenid hypotheses, among which subacute mastoiditis figures as one needing to be detected early. This prospective study was conducted on 118 children treated for protracted otitis in the ENT Service at Hopital Trousseau, during the period from january 1987 to december 1988. It allowed us to develop diagnostic and therapeutic strategies to cope with the difficult problem of protracted otitis, taking into account bacteriologic findings and risk factors, among other things.
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PMID:[Protracted otitis and subacute mastoiditis in children. A prospective study apropos of 118 cases]. 233 63

A 28-year-old woman was admitted to the ENT Department of the Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University because of left otitis externa, chronic mastoiditis and facial nerve palsy (lower motor neurone). Left radical mastoidectomy with wide debridement of granulation and necrotic tissue at ear canal, dura, sigmoid sinus, ossicle and facial nerve were done two weeks after admission. Multiple pus culture from the lesion revealed different types of organisms e.g. proteus mirabilis, beta strep non group A, and enterococci beta type. Several aminoglycosides were alternately given for two months without improvement of ear infection. She developed carpopedal spasm with hypocalcemia after three weeks of such treatment. Hypomagnesemia was recognized. Calcium and milk supplement gave temporary relief, but permanent relief was obtained after aminoglycoside was discontinued. Serum electrolyte had reversed to normal on follow-up.
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PMID:A case of hypomagnesemia hypocalcemia as a complication of aminoglycoside and review of the literature. 267 7

One hundred and thirty patients with acute-on-chronic mastoiditis were managed by the ENT Department of Groote Schuur Hospital between 1980 and 1984 inclusive. Seventy-four patients had cholesteatomas, of whom 78.4 per cent had intracranial extension and 44.6 per cent had intradural extension of the infection. In contrast, of the 56 patients without cholesteatomas, only 23.2 per cent had intracranial extension of the infection. These may be rare conditions in some privileged parts of the world but their lethal potential requires all ENT surgeons to be competent in their management.
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PMID:Acute and acute-on-chronic mastoiditis (a five-year experience at Groote Schuur Hospital). 289

The object of the present paper is to review 39 cases of acute mastoiditis treated surgically at the 2nd and 4th ENT Clinics of the University of Rome 'La Sapienza'. The aetiological factors were investigated observing an association of the acute mastoid abscess with cholesteatoma. Moreover 5 patients developed mastoiditis after previous mastoid surgery. The rationale of surgical management is discussed.
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PMID:Acute mastoiditis in pediatric age. 778 72

Three case reports of mastoiditis caused by atypical mycobacteria are discussed and a review of the world literature is given. Our aim is to focus the attention of the ENT specialist and the pediatrician on these pathological agents in unilateral recurrent otitis media. The case reports illustrate the importance of histologic and microbiologic examination. Difficulties in the differential diagnosis are mentioned. The therapy is slightly different from lymphadenitis caused by atypical mycobacteria because for mastoiditis we prefer the combination of surgery with medical treatment.
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PMID:Mastoiditis caused by atypical mycobacteria. 830 Mar 16

During the past few decades the clinical features of middle ear tuberculosis have changed. Hence, clinical differentiation between tuberculous and non-specific proliferative otitis media and mastoiditis is now difficult. Between 1986 and 1992 five cases of tuberculous otitis media were treated surgically in the ENT-Dept. of the University of Hamburg, representing 0.2% of all performed middle ear operations. According to our experience the therapy of choice is the open mastoid cavity with subsequent chemotherapy to avoid recurrent infections. The advantages of this procedure are proven by actual histopathological findings as well as by the analysis of historical microsections of the Wittmaack temporal bone collection: according to these findings, two different types of histopathological alterations can be differentiated.
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PMID:[Clinical aspects and histopathology of middle ear tuberculosis]. 836 84

Middle-mass molecules (MMM) were measured in ENT patients hospitalized urgently for purulent sinusitis with orbital complications, mastoiditis, parapharyngitis, paratonsillar abscesses, complicated furuncles of the nose and upper lip, abscessing epiglottitis, etc. MMM amount, as an indicator of endogenic intoxication, were studied in 150 ENT patients aged 15 to 63 years. With the number of MMM it was found feasible to follow up and compare endogenic intoxication and thus control and correct of the treatment efficacy.
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PMID:[Middle mass molecules as an indicator of intoxication in the purulent inflammatory ENT diseases]. 1008 16

Causes and clinical course of atypical mastoiditis were studied by cases treated in the ENT clinic of the Moscow Medical Academy and relevant literature. Therapeutic policy in mastoiditis is described. Early surgical intervention is recommended in unfavorable mastoiditis course to prevent complications.
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PMID:[Current knowledge on diagnosis and treatment of mastoiditis]. 1059 92

We report the case of a child presented by her parents to the ENT outpatient service for swelling of the right temporal bone. The child had a history of recurrent bilateral inflammation of the middle ear. Tympanometry revealed a reduced compliance. Due to conductive hearing loss it was impossible to measure otoacustic emissions. Otherwise a normal ENT status was found. Imaging (MRI/CT) demonstrated bitemporal soft-tissue changes with extensive osseous destruction, but no typical imaging signs of an inflammatory, dysplastic or expansive process. The tentative diagnosis of Langerhans' cell histiocytosis (LCH) made on the basis of the clinical and imaging findings was confirmed by biopsy. After exclusion of disseminated LCH, chemotherapy was initiated, and the child underwent follow-up imaging after 3 months. CT showed clear signs of bitemporal reossification. The case reported here illustrates the problems encountered in diagnosing LCH which may present with unspecific clinical symptoms despite advanced osseous destruction. ENT specialists should be familiar with this very heterogeneous entity and think of LCH especially in children presenting with therapy-refractory otitis media, otitis externa, or mastoiditis in order to ensure a timely diagnosis and to thus improve the chances of successful therapy. Imaging modalities (CT, MRI) have a role in the early diagnosis and follow-up of this disorder.
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PMID:[Langerhans cell histiocytosis: petrosal remodelling after chemotherapy--case report and review of the literature]. 1267 14

Loss of weight, dehydration, pregnancy, fatigue, and otitis media are among the factors proposed as causes of a patulous eustachian tube, but true details remain obscure. We studied patients who developed a patulous eustachian tube following otitis media and discuss the relationship between these 2 conditions. Subjects were 12 patients diagnosed with otitis media at our department who later developed a patulous eustachian tube. The initial middle ear disease progressed from acute otitis media to otitis media with effusion in 2, acute otitis media in or acute mastoiditis in 1 each, and otitis media with effusion in the remaining 8 patients. Seven patients evidenced a low body mass index (BMI), weight loss, and underlying disease, but 5 with a patulous eustachian tube following otitis media did not. We retrospectively analyzed 119 patients diagnosed with a patulous eustachian tube in our department for whether they had been diagnosed by an ENT physician as having otitis media, i.e., acute otitis media or otitis media with effusion. Some 42 (35.3%) had a history of otitis media. At acute otitis media or otitis media with effusion, the tympanic cavity becomes inflamed, accompanied by inflammation of the eustachian tube mucosa and a stenotic tendency. Healing from otitis media is accompanied by decreased eustachian tube mucosa inflammation. We surmise that, depending on how inflammation disappears, fibrosis of the eustachian tube mucosa occurs, leading to a pathologically patulous eustachian tube. Many aspects of the causation of this condition remain unclear, but we surmised that in patients with earlier otitis media, a pathological patulous eustachian tube develops during resolution of inflammation. Our findings indicate the involvement of otitis media as a causative factors in a patulous eustacian tube.
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PMID:[Patulous eustachian tube following otitis media]. 1463 69


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