Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0262471 (ENT)
 5,307 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

ENT involvement is very frequent in mucoviscidosis, particularly rhinitis and sinusitis. This prospective study, which spanned from September 1st, 1988 to August 31st, 1989 anc included 27 children with cystic fibrosis of pancreas was carried out with the intent of determining the incidence of the various associated diseases, their bacteriologic profile, and the optimal therapeutic procedure. Less than a child in 5 is symptomless when the nose and sinuses are affected. Polyposis is found to occur in 6/27 cases, and all children have sinus radio-opacities. Ear disease is rare (1/4 of cases) and is manifested by asymptomatic tubal dysfunction with minimal audiometric repercussions. Bacteriologic specimens of sputum and sinus purulent discharge show simultaneous germ positivity (10 times out of 11). Our therapeutic recommendations are based on our own experience as well as literature data, and are, in our opinion, only relevant for children with clinical signs of disease, as opposed to advocating systematic treatment of sinus foci found on X-ray.
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PMID:[Otorhinolaryngologic involvement in cystic fibrosis]. 234 26

Ceftazidime has the same antibacterial spectrum as the other third generation cephalosporins, but it is the most active of all against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. A review of the literature concerning severe infections shows that ceftazidime has been used in children mainly to treat superinfections on cystic fibrosis, infections in immunocompromised subjects and neonatal infections. The results in large series of patients were highly satisfactory and the drug was well tolerated. Other diseases treated in shorter series were: urinary tract infections in paediatric urology, ENT infections caused by P. aeruginosa, cellulitis and post-operative infections. A multicentre trial involving 344 children has recently been reported, showing very good results (clinical cure in 95 per cent of the cases). Ceftazidime dosage varies from one study to another, but a mean daily dose of 150 mg/kg is often necessary in septicaemias and infections associated with cystic fibrosis.
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PMID:[Role of ceftazidime in severe infections in children. Review of the literature]. 297 92

All cases of nasal polyposis seen in a district hospital in Nigeria over a 5 year period were analysed in a prospective study to determine the aetiological pattern, the prevalence, occurrence and pathological types as well as predisposing factors. Out of the 172 patients treated, 144 had common nasal polyps while 28 patients had nasal polyps resulting from tumors. Out of the 144 patients, 103 had inflammatory polyps, 39 were of allergic origin and 2 due to cystic fibrosis. Peak presentation was between 31-40 years with a total of 58 patients (33.72%). All the patients with nasal polyposis represented 0.74% of all attendances to the ENT clinic over the period. There was no sex difference. Nasal polypectomy was carried out in all the patients while Caldwell-Luc's operation and Antrum Washout were carried out on selected cases. There were recurrences in 18 patients over the period. Delay in reporting to the NET clinic was attributed to ignorance on the part of both the patients and the general practitioners who often treated their presenting symptoms as common cold and catarrh.
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PMID:Nasal polyposis in a Nigerian district hospital. 775 90

We have studied during 1991 a randomized group of 25 cystic fibrosis children whose ages were between 1 and 18 years, analyzing the disease's ENT signs. We have found polyps in the 20% of the patients points up for its high incidence, and the practical absence of otologic, pharyngeal and laryngeal processes.
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PMID:[ORL pathology in cystic fibrosis]. 815 59

In a prospective clinical study, 84 patients aged 3 months to 34 years (mean age: 12 years; 53 males and 31 females), with cystic fibrosis systematically underwent an ENT examination, including rigid endoscopy of the anterior nasal cavity and lateral nasal wall. In 28 cases, CT-scan of the sinuses was performed. Mucopyosinusitis of the maxillary sinus with medial projection of the inter-naso-sinusal wall was present in 10 children (12%, mean age: 4 years; range: 3 months to 8 years). Nasal polyposis was present in 37 patients (45%) from the age of 5 years on (mean age: 15 years). Nasal obstruction was the main complaint when the condition was severe. The routine use of the endoscope makes it possible to diagnose early pathological changes of the lateral nasal wall. Local treatment could then help slow down progress evolution toward a more massive involvement.
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PMID:Pathological changes of the lateral nasal wall in patients with cystic fibrosis (mucoviscidosis). 815 12

In order to obtain an accurate evaluation of nasal and paranasal sinus disease in cystic fibrosis patients, 75 patients with a proven cystic fibrosis diagnosis have been investigated using the following standard techniques: questionnaire, ENT examination, endoscopical examination, sinus X-rays, and in 31% of the cases a CT scan. The analysis of results shows that nasal obstruction is the most frequent symptom (32%) and that nasal polyps are present in 43% of the cases. Endoscopic examination seems to be of great interest in giving a more accurate picture of nasal and paranasal sinus disease. Analysis of CT scan images leads the authors to describe a new and specific entity in nasal and paranasal sinus disease in cystic fibrosis patients: the pseudomucocele. In this report, the authors discuss the various aspects of pseudomucocele, attaching particular importance to the CT scan results.
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PMID:Endoscopic and CT-scan evaluation of rhinosinusitis in cystic fibrosis. 856 Jan 68

The aim of our study was to investigate the prevalence of surgery on the nose prior to first time diagnosis of nasal polyps. We interviewed 60 patients who presented to the ENT Department at the Royal South Hants Hospital Southampton and were diagnosed as suffering from nasal polyps for the first time. Patients who suffered from cystic fibrosis or known primary ciliary dyskinesia were excluded. The average length of time of nasal blockage as the main symptom prior to the diagnosis of nasal polyps was less than two years. Out of the 60 patients six (10 per cent) had had previous nasal surgery. Out of these six patients, only four patients had a previous procedure on the nose that could be considered to be related to the later diagnosis of nasal polyps. Only one patient had had radiological investigation of his sinuses in the past. We conclude that polypoid nasal disease is a de novo diagnosis with a relatively short history in the majority of patients and not preceded by a long history of ENT investigations nor surgery on the nose.
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PMID:A survey to determine the extent of previous symptoms and surgery on patients presenting with nasal polyps. 886 5

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is the most common autosomal recessive disease among Caucasians. It is characterized by abnormal transepithelial sodium and chloride transport. The clinical expressions of the disorder are highly variable including nasal polyposis. Some authors have found that CF children with nasal polyposis form a distinct subgroup of patients within the clinical heterogeneity of the disease with milder gastrointestinal and pulmonary symptoms. The aim of this prospective study was to verify whether the clinical manifestations in CF children with nasal polyposis are different from control CF patients, and to identify any correlation between a phenotype of nasal polyposis and a genotype. Sixty-six CF children, aged 1-25 years, consecutively underwent ENT examination including nasal endoscopy. Twenty-one had nasal polyposis. The remainder formed the control group. There was no statistical difference in the mode and age of presentation of the disease between the two groups. The clinical manifestations (Schwachman and Kulczycki score, colonization by Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) were comparable between the two groups. We found no statistical difference in the repartition of genotypes between the polyposis and the control groups. Nasal polyposis does not seem to be genetically dependent, but a larger sample of patients is needed to reach an accurate conclusion.
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PMID:Is nasal polyposis in cystic fibrosis a direct manifestation of genetic mutation or a complication of chronic infection? 905 94

The authors present two clinical studies performed in the ENT departments of two Belgian Universities. A total of 248 patients with mucoviscidosis (cystic fibrosis, CF) were assessed by means of nasal endoscopy. One hundred eighteen underwent computed tomography of the paranasal sinuses (CT) and 55 were endoscopically operated. This allowed the observation of different clinical patterns of rhinosinusitis: mucopyosinusitis (pseudomucocele) of the maxillary antrum with bulging of the lateral nasal wall (LNW), nasal polyposis with erosion of the LNW, and chronic purulent rhinosinusitis with an isolated prominent uncinate process. The treatment of those patients could be tailored to the individual clinical pattern. Medical therapy consisted of systemic antibiotics and topical drugs delivered by sprays or by lavages with a nose can. Surgery was mainly aimed at removing the massive polyposis when it interfered with the daily life activities. The use of the endoscope enabled to perform safely more extensive procedures resulting in a lower recurrence rate. In patients with chronic rhinosinusitis without polyposis, yet presenting ostiomeatal obstruction, a limited and more functional endoscopic surgery was indicated in order to restore some drainage and to improve the penetration of topical drugs into the affected sinus. A short addendum presents two studies: one about genetics and the other about prevalence of middle ear disease in CF. The first concluded that no clear correlation was found between DF508 (the most common CF mutation) and nasal polyposis. The second revealed that in contrast with the extremely high prevalence of sinus problems, there was no clear evidence of an increased prevalence of middle ear disease in CF.
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PMID:Chronic rhinosinusitis in cystic fibrosis (mucoviscidosis). 944 79

Sinus mucocele is rare in the paediatric age, and so far no prevalence data have been reported in children with Cystic Fibrosis (CF). Moreover, safety and efficacy of endoscopic management of sinus mucoceles has been widely proven but only in the adult population. The aim of our study was to evaluate the prevalence of this complication and the efficacy of endoscopic sinus surgery in CF patients during the initial years of life. Among the 242 CF patients born in the period between 1990 and 2001 and in regular follow up at our CF Centre, 90 patients with possible symptoms of chronic upper airways disease (CUAD) underwent a comprehensive ENT examination including rhinofibroscopy. In selected cases a CT scan of the paranasal sinuses was also performed. CUAD was diagnosed in 55/90 because of the consistent presence of nasal obstruction, combined with at least two other nasal symptoms such as chronic nasal discharge, snoring, epiphora. Diagnosis of mucoceles (five maxillary bilateral mucoceles, one maxillary unilateral, three maxillary and etmoidal mucoceles) was done by means of CT scan in 9/15 who performed the examination. Median age at the diagnosis was 4+/-0.5 years, ranging from 0.5+/-7 years, showing a prevalence of 16.4% (9/55) among patients with symptoms. Endoscopic sinus surgery was performed in all the cases. The follow-up period ranged from 3 months to 6 years with no recurrence observed. Sinus mucocele in CF population is less unusual than expected and a high degree of suspicion is needed. Endoscopic sinus surgery seems to be a safe and efficient treatment of this complication also in a paediatric population at a high risk as for the CF patients.
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PMID:Paranasal mucoceles in children with cystic fibrosis. 1593 85


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