Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0262471 (ENT)
 5,307 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The current state of electronmicroscopy in research and clinical applications in otorhinolaryngology is reviewed. The recognition of cytoarchitectonic relationships by means of transmission electronmicroscopy, tracer studies and freeze fracture technique provides functionally interesting findings on the sensory epithelium and the permeability barriers of the inner ear. Knowledge of the fine structure of the animal and human ear also facilitates the understanding of the pathomechanism of the inner ear. Experimental and clinical findings of seromucotympanon are also described, as well as the morphology of normal and diseased respiratory mucosa. A viral origin for laryngeal papilloma is clearly confirmed. New findings in the pathohistology of otosclerosis are described. Finally, the use of electronmicroscopy in the diagnosis of ENT tumours is considered. The demonstration of pathognomonic cell organelles is useful not only in the diagnosis of rare tumours, e.g. esthesioneuroblastoma or carcinoid. The epithelial origin of anaplastic tumours can also be shown or excluded. Electronmicroscopy also offers important clues in the case of neck metastases from an unknown primary tumour.
 ...
PMID:[The importance of electron microscopy in research and clinical otorhinolaryngology]. 355 89

Through the development of somatostatin scintigraphy with the labeled somatostatin analog Indium111-Octreotide, it has recently become possible to accurately diagnose primary tumors of the APUD system as well as their metastases, since these tumors usually have somatostatin receptors. Experience with this method is already available for endocrine and exocrine tumors of the gastrointestinal tract, neuroendocrine and breast tumors, small cell bronchial carcinomas and certain lymphomas. In the present study, this new diagnostic technique was used for the first time in various head and neck tumors (carcinoid of the larynx, Merkel cell tumor, glomus tumor of the carotid and glomus jugulare tumor). Concurrently, some of these tumors shown by this diagnostic method to be somatostatin receptor positive were treated using the somatostatin analog Octreotide, a therapeutic approach new for the ENT-specialty. Our initial results prove that the detection of the ENT tumors which we studied by means of receptor scintigraphy is reliable. The preliminary results of this Octreotide therapy show a growth inhibitory effect, especially for those tumors of the head and neck which are inoperable or are difficult to approach surgically.
 ...
PMID:Somatostatin receptor scintigraphy and therapy of neuroendocrine (APUD) tumors of the head and neck. 872 46

It is rare for neuroendocrine tumours to originate in the sphenoid sinus and the nasopharynx. Neuroendocrine tumours can be classified into typical carcinoids, atypical carcinoids and small cell neuroendocrine carcinomas. Here we report the case of a 48-year-old man with a typical carcinoid tumour of the nasopharynx and sphenoid sinus. This is a very rare diagnosis, and only a few cases of a typical carcinoid in this region have been described in the literature.
B-ENT 2010
PMID:A neuroendocrine tumour of the sphenoid sinus and nasopharynx: a case report. 2068 71