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 5,307 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This paper summarizes an ENT surgeon's view of allergic rhinitis and deals with the presenting complaints and symptoms of allergic and non-allergic rhinitis, suggests the important features of the history and examination and indicates the more important special investigations; the medical and surgical treatments available to deal with the symptoms of rhinitis are discussed.
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PMID:Surgery in allergic nasal and paranasal disease. 236 15

In our recent survey, fern spores were found to be the third most common airborne air spora in the Bangkok atmosphere; therefore, the significance of fern spores as a causative allergen was assessed in patients with allergic rhinitis. By using the extract from the spores of Acrostichum aureum Linn, which is a widespread fern, an intracutaneous test was done in 226 allergic rhinitis patients and 61.5% of these patients reacted positively. Nasal provocation test by using the same kind of fern spore extract was also performed in 24 allergic rhinitis patients and the positive reaction occurred in 70.8%. When skin tests and nasal provocation tests were performed in a group of 20 nonallergic ENT patients, only 20% gave weakly positive skin test reactions and 15% gave mild reactions to the nasal provocation test. The authors concluded that fern spores are potentially allergenic and allergists should be aware that ferns could be an important aeroallergen.
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PMID:Ferns and their allergenic importance: skin and nasal provocation tests to fern spore extract in allergic and non-allergic patients. 273 63

The authors report 18 patients who presented to the ENT department with isolated cough, which had begun one month to 14 years previously. As the ENT examination was negative, the patients were referred to the Department of General Medicine where a bronchial reactivity test with acetylcholine was found to be positive, leading to a diagnosis of airway hyperreactivity. The group was predominantly female (15/18) and atopy was rare; indeed, only one patient, who had a history of allergic rhinitis, was found to be atopic. Bronchodilators and inhaled steroids cured or helped the cough in 16/18 patients. When a patient presents with chronic cough without other respiratory symptoms it is important to consider a diagnosis of airway hyperreactivity and to confirm this with a challenge test of bronchoconstriction.
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PMID:Cough as the sole manifestation of airway hyperreactivity. 276 May 22

The Department of Allergo-Immunology of the II ENT Division of Rome University has studied the behaviour, relative to non-specific nasal provocation with methacholine and with cold water solution, in normal subjects, in subjects with seasonal allergic rhinitis in and out of crisis, and in subjects with perennial rhinitis of allergic and non-allergic origin. All subjects underwent an ENT visit, rhinoreomanometry (RRM), mucociliary Clearance (MCT) and quantitative evaluation of nasal secretion, both before and after the single non-specific provocations. We saw that even though provocation with methacholine didn't cause a significant reduction of nasal conductance, it was the cause of noticeable modifications of the amount of nasal secretion, according to the groups taken into consideration. Furthermore, provocation with the cold water solution, which didn't provoke noticeable changes in the mucociliary clearance and in the quantity of nasal secretion, did, however cause noticeable modification of the nasal conductance in all groups examined.
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PMID:Non-specific rhinoreactivity: non-specific nasal provocation tests with methacholine and cold water solution. 389 Apr 98

A Nose Clinic, run jointly by an ENT surgeon and a chest physician, has been established to consider the relationship between diseases affecting the upper and lower parts of the respiratory tract and the contribution of malfunctioning respiratory defence mechanisms to such disease. The logistics of the clinic are described. Initial results suggest that mucociliary clearance abnormalities, immunity deficiencies and secondary infection in allergic rhinitis underlie a number of conditions presenting to ENT clinics. It is proposed that investigation of such patients leads to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of these conditions and, hence, a more logical approach to both medical and surgical treatment. It is suggested that early recognition and treatment of such underlying abnormalities may avoid irreversible damage.
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PMID:A nose clinic: initial results. 661 54

The Allergo-Immunology Department of the 2nd ENT Division of Rome University studied the behaviour of aspecific nasal provocation with methacholine bromide and with H2O at 2-4 degrees C in five groups of patients thus divided: normal subjects, subjects affected by allergic rhinitis, subjects with positive reaction to Graminacee in and out of season, subjects affected by perennial rhinitis due to D.Pt., and those affected by perennial rhinitis of non-allergic origin. All subjects underwent complete E.N.T. check-ups, anterior rhinorheomanometry (RRM), mucociliary clearance test (MCT) and evaluation of amount of nasal secretion. We were able to observe that nasal provocation with methacholine bromide, though on the one hand it was not able to provoke a significant reaction in the mucociliary transport function even though it caused a substantial reaction in the conductance in all five groups, on the other hand it caused a significant modification of nasal secretion with varying levels in the different groups. Furthermore, it was to be observed that nasal provocation with a cold water solution set at 2-4 degrees C caused a more significant reduction of the nasal conductance in subjects affected by perennial rhinitis of non-allergic origin in comparison to the other groups taken into consideration, even though it did not cause particular variations in the parameters relative to mucociliary transport and nasal secretion.
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PMID:Aspecific nasal reactivity in allergic and non-allergic rhinopathy. 666 21

In 30 patients with a positive history of allergic rhinitis, positive skin tests, and a positive RAST for house dust, house dust mite, and fungi, intranasal provocation was carried out with one or several allergens. Nasal resistance was measured every 15 min for 1 h using a body plethysmograph and a new rhinomanometer (Allergopharma A440). The respective results were compared to verify the usefulness of the new rhinomanometer for ENT departments.
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PMID:[A new rhinomanometer in clinical trial for nasal allergen provocation tests. (author's transl)]. 730 30

The study covers 70 cases of liquorrhea nasalis of various etiology. ENT specialists frequently regard liquorrhea nasalis as vasomotor allergic rhinitis. Liquorrhea nasalis may be divided into craniosinusonasal and cranionasal ones. The latter is more commonly followed by intracranial complications. An otorhinolaryngological otoneurological examination as part of a comprehensive study of patients with liquorrhea nasalis aids in diagnosing the disease and reveals the results of surgical treatment from the nasal endoscopic data, detects intranasal cerebral hernias, liquor cysts and tumors in the nasal cavity, residual otoneurological symptoms after prior meningitides, brain injuries and other diseases. A patient's positions and conditions allowing one to successfully detect even minimum liquorrhea nasalis have been worked out. Liquorrhea nasalis is subdivided into liquorrhea: a) that has no concurrent changes in the nasal cavity; b) that is accompanied by intranasal hernias and liquor cysts; c) that is concomitant with purulent sinusitis. The indications for any surgical intervention are different in each group, the rhinoscopic findings may be decisive in its choice. Among residual symptoms in patients with liquorrhea nasalis there are the most common olfactory disorders (35%) and mainly neurosensory hearing decrease (30%), beginning from mild hearing impairments resulting in complete deafness without vestibular excitability.
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PMID:[Rhinological data in the diagnosis and choice of the type of surgical intervention in cerebrospinal rhinorrhea]. 748 48

A general rise in the occurrence of allergies has led to an increasing number of ENT consultations due to allergic rhinitis. The prevalence of allergic rhinitis amounts to 10 to 16% in Central Europe with a tendency to be on the rise. Etiological factors include an unhealthy lifestyle (stress), dietary habits, exposure to environmental pollutants, and genetic predisposition. The diagnostic work-up consists of a specific history of allergies, a general ENT examination, provocation tests of allergens such as skin reaction tests, and laboratory tests. Treatment includes avoidance of allergens, induction of hyposensitivity, symptomatic drug treatment, and acupuncture.
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PMID:[Current status of diagnosis and therapy of allergic rhinitis]. 750 49

Liquorrhea nasalis (LN) is considered by ENT specialists as vasomotor--allergic rhinitis. It is divided into craniosinusonasal and cranionasal. The latter form is more dangerous as to intracranial complications. Otorhinolaryngological and otoneurological examinations of LN patients are essential in the disease diagnosis, evaluation of surgical results (by nasal endoscopy), detection of intranasal medullary hernia, liquor cysts and tumors as well as residual otoneurological symptoms consequent to meningitis, brain trauma, etc. In choice of surgical treatment the attention of the physician should be directed to concomitant intranasal hernias and liquor cysts, tumors, purulent sinusitis. Out of 70 LN cases residual symptoms of olfactory disorders were recorded in 35%, neurosensory hypoacusis in 30% of the cases. The best position of the patient and relevant facilities for identification of even minimal LN are described.
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PMID:[Rhinologic and otoneurologic tests in the diagnosis of nasal liquorrhea and their significance in the choice of surgical treatment]. 778 48


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