Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0243026 (sepsis)
 52,417 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The technique, and short and long term results, of splenectomy for massive splenomegaly are presented. The latter was defined as a spleen weighing in excess of 1.5 kg. Thirty-five of the 38 patients had a serious haematological disorder as the indication for the operation, usually non-Hodgkin's lymphoma or myelofibrosis. All operations were carried out through abdominal incisions. Accessible splenic attachments were divided, and the splenic artery was ligated in continuity, prior to posterior mobilization. Two patients (5.3%) died as a result of the operation, both deaths being due to sepsis. Septic and thrombo-embolic complications were common, and occurred both early and late after the operation. Overall, eight of the 12 deaths during the first postoperative year were due to the primary disease, whereas all of the five deaths after that time were due to causes other than the primary disease. Twenty-four patients lived at least 1 year, and 10 patients are alive for more than 5 years.
 ...
PMID:Splenectomy for massive splenomegaly. 386 13

Fourteen patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) of high-grade malignancy were treated with cyclophosphamide and total body irradiation followed by autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT). All patients were pretreated with conventional chemotherapy. Three of four patients with drug-resistant disease achieved complete remission (CR), but relapse occurred within six months. Four patients in partial remission (PR) achieved CR; one died because of sepsis, two relapsed within six months, and one is still in CR 28+ months later. Six were treated in CR, five in first CR, and one in second CR. From these six patients (who received this treatment as consolidation therapy), five are in unmaintained CR seven to 31+ months after ABMT (one patient died of a secondary illness). There were two therapy-related deaths, both in patients with a poor clinical condition. Toxicity of this treatment was mild for those receiving transplants who were in better condition. These preliminary results suggest that intensive cytoreductive therapy followed by ABMT may improve disease-free survival in patients in NHL of high-grade malignancy in CR.
 ...
PMID:Intensive cytotoxic therapy followed by autologous bone marrow transplantation for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of high-grade malignancy. 388 64

The activity of complement-mediated opsonin was measured by the whole blood chemiluminescence method in 17 children with hematologic malignancy (including 6 with ALL, 7 with ANLL and 4 with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma) during remission induction therapy. The activity of opsonin, which was at the normal level before chemotherapy, decreased in all of the children during the therapy. This phenomenon was especially marked in the children treated with L-asparaginase. Although no clear relationship was found between the decrease in opsonin activity and the susceptibility to infection, it was confirmed that in 4 children having an episode of sepsis or septic fever, the infection started when the granulocyte decreased to the nadir, and simultaneously the activity of opsonin decreased. Therefore, it may be reasonable to suspect the decrease in opsonin activity when treating children with such infections.
 ...
PMID:Impairment of opsonic function in children with hematologic malignancy during remission induction therapy. 399 81

Thirteen patients with aggressive histologic types of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma had failed to respond or relapsed after intensive polychemotherapy of curative intent. They were treated with a combination of vinblastine, bleomycin, and cisplatin. All were Stage III or IV, and eight had systemic symptoms. There were five objective partial remissions, and no complete remissions. The Kaplan-Meier 50% survival estimate is 5 months from initiation of the salvage chemotherapy. Seven of 13 patients had grade II nausea and vomiting, and 7 had nadir platelet counts less than 70,000/mm3. All had significant anemia. There were two episodes of sepsis, and two patients had pulmonary and nephrotoxicity. The program is not effective in this situation, and is quite toxic.
 ...
PMID:Salvage therapy of aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with a combination of vinblastine, bleomycin, and cisplatin. 620 88

Thirty-two patients with refractory non-Hodgkin's lymphoma were treated with high-dose cytosine arabinoside (ara-C) given at 2 g/m2 IV over three hours every 12 hours for 4-8 g/m2/course repeated at three to four week intervals. There were eight partial responses (29%) and two minor responses among 28 evaluable patients. The median response duration was 10 weeks (range, 6-33 weeks). The median survival was significantly prolonged in responders compared to nonresponders (28 versus 15 weeks; p = 0.03). Two additional patients treated with 12 g/m2/course died of sepsis and myelosuppression. The dose-limiting toxicity was myelosuppression, which was more pronounced in patients with prior extensive radiation therapy and bone marrow involvement. In vivo measurements of intracellular concentrations of ara-CTP, the active metabolite of ara-C, showed significantly higher values in bone marrows with lymphomatous involvement compared to normal bone marrows (210 versus 95 microM; p = 0.05), probably indicating a preferential formation and retention of ara-CTP in malignant cells compared to normal hemopoietic cells. In addition, higher ara-CTP levels were found in bone marrows that had higher percentages of cells in S phase.
 ...
PMID:High-dose cytosine arabinoside in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. 636 30

In a hamster model of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma which closely parallels the disease in man, and which is induced by an unusual agent(s), a diarrheal bowel disease was a major cause of mortality. This study was initiated to characterize this bowel disease and its relation to lymphoma induction and to natural diseases seen in the hamster. The studies showed that the bowel disease was an ulcerative process and was distinct from natural diseases. The incidence of the bowel disease correlated directly with that of the lymphoma in repeated epizootics, in titration studies, and in agent inactivation tests. The ulcerative bowel lesions were seen at the same stage of the disease as acute and chronic inflammatory infiltrates with necrosis in the thymus and mesenteric lymph nodes. Since necrosis in the gut-associated lymphoid tissue can lead to perforation and sepsis, these bowel lesions were lethal, whereas similar necrosis in other lymphoid tissues (thymus and lymph nodes) could be clinically undetectable. Similar lesions have been reported in man. The ulcerative bowel disease was a reliable early clinical marker for exposure of hamsters to this lymphomagenic agent(s).
 ...
PMID:Lymphoma-associated ulcerative bowel disease in the hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) induced by an unusual agent. 637 5

In a prospective randomized study of treatment for early-stage Hodgkin's disease presenting above the diaphragm, 76 patients had staging by laparotomy (Group I) and 28 had staging by closed techniques (Group II). Treatment consisted of involved-field radiotherapy alone (44 patients), involved-field radiotherapy followed by chemotherapy (38 patients), total nodal radiotherapy alone (15 patients), or total nodal radiotherapy followed by chemotherapy (seven patients). On presentation, both groups had similar clinical features and similar treatment distribution. With similar follow-up (87 months), no significant differences in remission or survival were observed between Groups I and II: remission 59 versus 68 percent; survival 74 versus 92 percent; p value 0.27 and 0.09, respectively. Multiple areas of relapse were more frequently observed in Group I (11 of 32 had relapse) as compared with Group II (none of nine had relapse, p less than 0.082). In Group I, relapse in the abdomen was observed as an isolated event or as part of disseminated relapse in 12 percent of patients compared with 3 percent (one patient) in Group II with abdominal relapse alone. Seven patients in Group I and two patients in Group II died with Hodgkin's disease. Six other patients in Group I died with complete remission of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (one patient), leukoencephalopathy (one patient), sepsis during chemotherapy (two patients), myocardial infarction (one patient), and cerebrovascular accident (one patient). Three other patients in this group had other secondary malignancies successfully controlled (histiocytic lymphoma, squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix, and malignant schwannoma). No second primary lesions or death with complete remission were observed in Group II. Staging laparotomy with splenectomy in early-stage Hodgkin's disease did not improve the duration of remission or survival or decrease the number of abdominal relapses compared with closed staging.
 ...
PMID:Staging laparotomy and splenectomy in early Hodgkin's disease. No therapeutic benefit. 638 Feb 86

Phase I clinical studies of 4'-(9-acridinylamino)methanesulfon-m-anisidide (AMSA) using several dose schedules have shown acceptable toxicity and antitumor responses in acute leukemia and several carcinomas. Thirty-eight children with acute leukemia and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma were treated with AMSA in a total dose of 140 to 600 mg/sq m given as a daily i.v. infusion in 2 to 5 days. Maximal tolerated dose was 600 mg/sq m given in 5 days. Complete and partial remissions were seen in four of 18 patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia, zero of eight patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia, and one of five patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Marrow aplasia and remissions were also seen with lower doses. The major toxic effects were mucositis, fever, and sepsis which were dose related. Mild nausea and vomiting, transient elevation of serum glutamic oxaloacetic-acid-transaminase, and bilirubin were noted. All of these patients had had prior anthracycline therapy. Abnormal echocardiograms were seen in 14 of 23 patients who had echocardiograms done before and after AMSA. Seven developed congestive heart failure in association with sepsis in five and with epicardial disease in one. We conclude that AMSA possesses significant activity in childhood leukemia and lymphoma and that studies of AMSA in combination with other effective agents should be done.
 ...
PMID:Phase II study of 4'-(9-acridinylamino)methanesulfon-m-anisidide (NSC 249992) in children with acute leukemia and lymphoma. 689 64

We previously reported a patients who developed fulminant pneumococcal sepsis 12 years after successful treatment for Hodgkin's disease, which included splenic irradiation. We have since evaluated splenic size and function in 25 patients who had received splenic irradiation 5 to 16 years previously either for Hodgkin's disease (n = 19) or non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (n = 6). Mean maximum splenic diameter as measured on a 99mTc-sulfur colloid liver-spleen scan was 6.2 cm in the irradiated group and 9.7 cm in a control group (p less than 0.001). The mean percentage of erythrocytes containing pits when observed with interference phase microscopy was 13.0% in the irradiated group, which was significantly different (p less than 0.001) from the levels found in each of the control groups: normal subjects, 0.9%; unstaged and untreated lymphoma patients, 0.6%; and patients after splenectomy, 33.7%. Patients who have had splenic irradiation should be considered at risk of developing overwhelming pneumococcal sepsis.
 ...
PMID:Functional hyposplenia after splenic irradiation for Hodgkin's disease. 705 1

Autologous bone marrow transplantation (AuBMT) is an accepted treatment modality for patients with high-risk or relapsed hematological malignancies. Hepatotoxicity, in particular veno-occlusive disease (VOD), is a significant complication of this therapy. The purpose of this study was to determine the clinical relevance of abnormal liver function in the patients who received high-dose cytotoxic therapy and AuBMT for hematological malignancies at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center. Medical records of 180 consecutive patients between 1984 and 1991 treated with cytotoxic chemotherapy and AuBMT for acute myelogenous leukemia, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and Hodgkin's disease were reviewed. Forty-six patients (26%) developed jaundice with bilirubin > 4 mg/dl. These patients had a 43% toxic death rate compared to an 11% toxic death rate in patients with lower bilirubins (p < 0.001). The main etiology of hyperbilirubinemia was VOD of the liver noted in 22 of the 180 patients (12%). Other etiologies of jaundice included hepatitis, sepsis with multiorgan dysfunction, cholecystitis, and recurrent disease. Hyperbilirubinemia of various etiologies is a significant complication of AuBMT. Several new strategies are under investigation to decrease the toxicity of intensive therapy.
 ...
PMID:Abnormal liver function in patients undergoing autologous bone marrow transplantation for hematological malignancies. 762 20


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Next >>