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Query: UMLS:C0243026 (sepsis)
 52,417 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Sepsis is a common clinical critical disease, which is one of the main causes of septic shock and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). Since traditional clinical interventions are simple and limited, the mortality of sepsis remains high and is also one of the main causes of death of intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Nicotinamide has a wide range of cytoprotective effects. A large number of studies have shown that nicotinamide can play an important role in infection and sepsis by repairing mitochondrial function to restore adenosine triphosphate (ATP) level, inhibiting poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) activation, inhibiting proinflammatory mediators and antioxidant damage. This article reviews the pathogenesis of sepsis and the role of nicotinamide in sepsis treatment, aiming to provide references for exploring new therapeutic directions and effective therapeutic measures for sepsis.
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PMID:[Progress of nicotinamide in preventing infection and sepsis]. 3278 29

Critical illness commonly presents as a systemic inflammatory process. Through this inflammation, there is an enhanced production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species combined with marked reductions in protective plasma antioxidant concentrations. This imbalance is referred to as oxidative stress and is commonly encountered in numerous disease states in the critically ill including sepsis, trauma, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and burns. Oxidative stress can lead to cellular, tissue and organ damage as well as increased morbidity and mortality in critically ill patients. Supplementation with exogenous micronutrients to restore balance and antioxidant concentrations in critically ill patients has been considered for several decades. It is proposed that antioxidant vitamins, such as vitamins A and C, may minimize oxidative stress and improve clinical outcomes. Vitamin B formulations may play a role in curtailing lactic acidosis and are recently being evaluated as an acute phase reactant. However, few large, randomized trials specifically investigating the role of vitamin supplementation in the critically ill patient population are available. This article seeks to review recently published literature surrounding the role of supplementation of vitamins A, B and C in critically ill patients.
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PMID:ABC's of Vitamin Supplementation in Critical Illness. 3293 19


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