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Query: UMLS:C0243026 (sepsis)
 52,417 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Netilmicin is a new aminoglycoside antibiotic with pharmacological similarities to gentamicin, tobramycin and sisomicin. Fourteen of 15 patients with a severe or complicated urinary tract infection were cured by treatment with a seven day course of netilmicin. In one patient the infecting organism was not eradicated. No significant side effects were noted and no ototoxicity was detected. Four patients had a significant, but reversible, deterioration in renal function as defined by an increase in the plasma creatinine of 0.03 mmol/l or greater. Work in experimental animals has shown netilmicin to be significantly less ototoxic and nephrotoxic than other clinically available aminoglycosides. If this finding is confirmed in large-scale comparative trials in man, netilmicin should prove a most useful and effective new antibiotic for the treatment of severe gram-negative sepsis.
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PMID:Netilmicin in the treatment of severe or complicated urinary tract infections. 693 21

Once-daily administration of aminoglycoside antibiotics has become the most acceptable dosing schedule for the majority of patients. There are few published data on the impact of post-natal age on aminoglycoside concentrations in preterm infants receiving once-daily dosage regimens. Netilmicin was administered as a once-daily dose of 4 mg/kg. In 141 episodes of suspected sepsis in 123 babies, trough netilmicin concentrations ranged from undetectable to 4.0 mg/l. Netilmicin concentrations were above a level of 2 mg/l in 10.6% of episodes. Netilmicin concentrations decreased with increasing post-natal age and weight. Levels were higher in males compared to females. Increased creatinine concentrations were associated with higher netilmicin concentrations. This study emphasises the importance of post-natal age as a determinant of aminoglycoside concentrations with a once-daily dosing regimen in a neonatal intensive care population. Trough levels should be carefully monitored and consideration given to extending dosage intervals particularly when netilmicin is administered once daily to preterm infants in the first week of life.
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PMID:Use of once-daily netilmicin to treat infants with suspected sepsis in a neonatal intensive care unit. 1523 40

Infection is a life threatening complication in patients with hematological malignancy. So, proper treatment of infection with suitable antibiotic is very important in these patients. The aim of this study was to determine the antibiotic susceptibility of bacteria isolated from various specimens of patients with hematological malignancy, so that, an appropriate regimen of empiric antibiotic treatment can be established for these patients. This observational study was done in the Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh from March 2012 to August 2012. Forty (40) diagnosed patients of hematological malignancies who were admitted in the Department of Hematology and Paediatric Hemato-oncology, BSMMU with symptoms of sepsis &/ or urinary tract infection (UTI) or respiratory tract infection (RTI) were enrolled in this study. Blood, throat swab and urine were collected from each patient and sputum was collected from four patients. Susceptibility pattern of Gram positive bacteria to antibiotics was satisfactory. But Gram negative bacteria were resistant to commonly used antibiotics. Enterobacteriaceae group of organisms were found completely resistant to Ceftriaxone & Aztreonam. The best drugs for them were Imipenem, Amikacin & Netilmicin. P. aeruginosa & Acinetobacter spp. were completely resistant to several antibiotics including Cephalosporines & Ciprofloxacin. The best drug for them was Imipenem, Netilmicin & combination of Tazobactam & Piperacilin.
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PMID:Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of Bacteria Isolated From Various Specimens of Patients with Hematological Malignancy. 2858 77

This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted at the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in the department of Neonatology, Mymensingh Medical College Hospital (MMCH), Mymensingh, Bangladesh from July 2017 to December 2017 to determine antimicrobial sensitivity pattern in neonatal sepsis. Ninety four neonates (0-28 days) who were admitted in NICU with suspected sepsis were included in this study by purposive sampling technique. After admission written informed consent from parents or guardians obtained and then septic screening along with blood culture and antimicrobial sensitivity was done. All data were compiled, tabulated and then analyzed by SPSS version 21.0. Among 94 cases, 68(72.3%) were preterm and 26(23.4%) were term. There was male predominance and male female ratio was 1.9:1. Most of the patient admitted within 72 hours of birth. Most (84%) had low birth weight (<2500gm). Pre-mature onset of labour, pre-mature rupture of membrane >18 hours, vaginal route of delivery, instrumental resuscitation, pre-lacteal feeding, bottle feeding were the major perinatal risk factors in this study. Early onset sepsis (76.6%) was most prevalent in this study. Blood culture yielded positive growth in 20(21.3%) cases. Among them, Klebsiella was found in 7(35%). E. coli in 6(30%), Acinetobacter was in 3(15%), Staphylococcus aureus in 2(10%) cases. Pseudomonas and Enterobacter were found in rest 2(10%) of the cases. Gram negative bacteria were found in 18(90%) cases. Klebsiella was sensitive to Imipenem (85.7%), Colistin (85.7%) and Ciprofloxacin (77.5%). Sensitivity of E. coli was Imipenem (100%), Colistin (100%), Amikacin (66.7%), Ciprofloxacin (66.7%), Netilmicin (66.7%) and Gentamicin (50%). Acinatobecter had sensitivity to Netilmicin, Colistin, Imipenem (100%). Staphylococcus was 100% sensitive to Imipenem, Netilmicin and Vancomycin. Pseudomonas was found sensitive to Imipenem (100%), Amikacin (100%), Netilmicin (100%) and Colistin (100%). Enterobacter was found highly sensitive to Ciprofloxacin, Colistin and Imipenem. Almost all organisms were resistant to Ampicillin, Gentamicin, Cefotaxime and Ceftazidime. Based on result it is concluded that Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli are the leading cause of neonatal sepsis in this study and most of them resistant to multiple antibiotics. Organisms found more sensitive to Imipenem, Colistin, Ciprofloxacin and Netilmicin.
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PMID:Antimicrobial Sensitivity Pattern in Neonatal Sepsis in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Mymensingh Medical College Hospital. 3311 78