Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0243026 (sepsis)
 52,417 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Sequential studies with 99mTc-methylene diphosphonate (99mTc-MDP) and 67Ga were performed in 40 patients to determine the role of each agent in evaluating osteomyelitis, cellulitis, and spetic arthritis. Apart from the value of 67Ga in distinguishing cellulitis from osteomyelitis, it is a good adjuvant to 99mTc-MDP imaging in chronic osteomyelitis to identify continuing or recurrent sepsis and localize the focus of infection more precisely.
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PMID:Observations on the sequential use of 99mTc-phosphate complex and 67Ga imaging in osteomyelitis, cellulitis, and septic arthritis. 84 34

Three cases of septic arthritis of the hip are presented. In each case, radionuclide bone scanning, using 99Tcm diphosphonate (MDP), demonstrated complete photopenia of the femoral head. All three cases resulted in avascular necrosis and subsequently had a poor clinical outcome with a reduced range of movement and radiographic epiphyseal deformity. Complete photopenia in the presence of suspected sepsis requires urgent referral with a view to exploration and decompression.
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PMID:Case report: complete photopenia of the femoral head on radionuclide bone scanning in septic arthritis of the hip. 808 90

In high-voltage electrical burn injuries (> 1000 V), it is difficult to identify the site and extent of non-viable deep tissue damage for debridement to avoid further tissue injury from wound infection and the risk of sepsis. This prospective study was designed to evaluate the usefulness of 99Tcm-methylene di-phosphonate (99Tcm-MDP) scintigraphy in detecting the extent of tissue injury and determining the level of amputation required for electrical burn patients. Over a 5 year period, 33 high-voltage electrical burn patients were studied. Blood flow and blood pool studies revealed absent perfusion in 37 limbs, all of which eventually were amputated. In addition to a routine three-phase bone scan, images were obtained at 30-60 min (early images) to evaluate whether soft tissue injury could be detected better at that time. For comparison of the detection rate from the early images and bone (delayed) images, 164 corresponding spot views of both images were reviewed. Eighty-three and 125 tissue necrotic lesions were demonstrated by the early images and bone images respectively. All of the 83 lesions found by the early images were more clearly identified by the bone images. All but one of the 125 lesions underwent surgical debridement or amputation. We concluded that the blood flow and blood pool images correlated well with the level of amputation required. The site and extent of tissue necrotic lesions can be clearly identified on 99Tcm-MDP bone scans. Because the early images were less sensitive in detecting tissue necrosis, we suggest that early imaging is not necessary.
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PMID:99Tcm-MDP scintigraphy in high-voltage electrical burn patients. 935 51

Osteolytic lesions rarely occur in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We reported an atypical form of the disease, with marrow fibrosis and osteolytic lesions, in a 17-year-old patient, whose main symptom was lumbar pain. Diagnosis of AML was established by bone marrow and lymph node histological analysis. Computed tomography (CT) scan and 99mTc-MDP bone scintyscan revealed osteolytic lesions. After remission-induction, bone marrow aspirate and biopsy showed no evidence of leukemic infiltration, nevertheless bone abnormalities persisted on 99mTc-MDP bone scintyscan, suggesting residual disease. Suspect bone areas were irradiated with symptomatic improvement and 99mTc-MDP bone scintyscan showed the appearance of more condensed bone compared with the pre-radiotherapy pattern. Twelve months later he was readmitted to the hospital due to relapse of AML and died of sepsis within a few weeks. This report illustrates the usefulness of histological studies to establish diagnosis of AML in atypical cases, as well as the importance of CT scan and bone scintigraphy scan for the identification of osteolytic lesions. It also provides additional data as evidence that although osteolytic lesions indicate an adverse prognosis in AML, local irradiation results symptomatic relief.
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PMID:Osteolytic lesions as a presenting sign of acute myeloid leukemia. 1120 32

The pathophysiological mechanisms involved in mixed bacterial infections caused by gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria are largely unknown. The present study examines the potential interaction between lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and peptidoglycan (PepG) in the induction of the sepsis-associated cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and IL-10 in whole human blood. Plasma values of these cytokines were measured by enzyme immunoassays and a TNF bioassay. Co-administration of PepG (10 microg/mL) or muramyl dipeptide (MDP, 1 microg/mL) with LPS (10 ng/mL) caused significantly elevated values of TNF-alpha and IL-6 in the blood that could not be obtained by the sum of the values obtained by each stimulant alone, or by 3-fold higher doses of either bacterial component alone. This phenomenon was observed 1 h after stimulation, throughout the experimental period (24 h), and with different doses of LPS and PepG. In contrast, the release of IL-10 was not influenced by the co-administration of PepG or MDP with LPS. The TNF-alpha release induced by co-administration of LPS and PepG was abrogated after pretreatment with a monoclonal antibody against CD14 (18D11). Addition of PepG or MDP to whole blood caused a 2-fold increase in the surface expression of CD14 on monocytes, as measured by flow cytometry. In contrast, LPS caused decreased expression of this receptor. Our data suggest that PepG and MDP primes human whole blood leukocytes for LPS-induced release of proinflammatory cytokines. We speculate that synergy between PepG and LPS may contribute to the pathogenesis in sepsis caused by mixed bacterial infections.
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PMID:Peptidoglycan primes for LPS-induced release of proinflammatory cytokines in whole human blood. 1153 Oct 18