Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0243026 (sepsis)
 52,417 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In a multicentre trial of the EORTC ECTG we have treated 43 non-pretreated patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with the new semisynthetic taxoid docetaxel (Taxotere). Six patients were ineligible; of the 37 eligible patients, ten had prior radiotherapy and 18 prior surgery. They received 100 mg m-2 in 1 h i.v. every 3 weeks, usually in an outpatient setting. Prophylactic steroids, antihistaminics or antiemetics were not routinely given. Two patients were not evaluable because they withdrew from the study because of a hypersensitivity reaction after the second cycle. The main toxicity was neutropenia (80% of cycles), although infections were rare (4%). One patient died from sepsis during neutropenia. Hypersensitivity reactions necessitating interruption of docetaxel (Taxotere) infusions were found in only 10% of cycles. The overall response rate was 23% with one complete response, and seven partial responses. Stable disease was found in 16 patients. The median duration of response was 36 weeks, and the median survival of all patients was 11 months. Docetaxel (Taxotere) is among the most active drugs for treatment of NSCLC.
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PMID:Docetaxel (Taxotere) is active in non-small-cell lung cancer: a phase II trial of the EORTC Early Clinical Trials Group (ECTG) 791 19

This phase I dose-finding study examined the effects of the combination of doxorubicin and docetaxel (Taxotere) in 42 women with metastatic breast cancer. The combination was studied at six different dosing levels. The maximum tolerated doses were defined as doxorubicin, 50 mg/m2, and docetaxel, 85 mg/m2, with sepsis as the dose-limiting toxicity. Activity was observed at all dose levels, especially at the highest dose levels (50/60, 50/75, 50/85, and 60/60 mg/m2), with a response rate of 81% (95%; confidence interval, 62.5% to 92.5%) in patients treated at these dose levels. The response rate in patients with visceral disease was 74%, and 82% in patients with liver metastasis. Adjuvant chemotherapy with or without anthracyclines did not affect the response rate. The recommended doses were doxorubicin, 50 mg/m2, and docetaxel, 75 mg/m2, or 60 mg/m2 of both drugs, administered on day 1 every 3 weeks, without granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF, filgrastim [Neupogen]) support. Neutropenia was the only grade 3 or 4 adverse event. There were no cases of congestive heart failure, a significant decrease in left-ventricular ejection fraction, or interruption of treatment because of fluid retention.
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PMID:Docetaxel in combination with doxorubicin: a phase I dose-finding study. 921 22

Docetaxel (Taxotere) has been studied at a dose of 100 mg/m2 i.v. as a one hour infusion every 3 weeks, in four phase II trials in patients with extensively pretreated ovarian cancer. A total of 340 patients were treated, including 256 patients in two separate EORTC (European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer) trials and 84 patients in two trials in the U.S.A. All patients had received prior cisplatin or carboplatin therapy and the treatment-free interval was less than 4 months in 155 patients. The overall response rate using conventional UICC criteria was 30% among 315 evaluable cases (95% confidence interval: 24-36%). Among 155 patients whose disease was most refractory (i.e. treatment-free interval was less than 4 months), the overall response rate was 28% (95% confidence interval: 19-36%). Response duration ranged from 4 to 17 months. Grade IV neutropenia was a common finding and fluid retention was observed. The incidence of febrile neutropenia ranged from 8 to 44% of patients with two deaths (i.e. 0.6% of the total treated) related to neutropenic sepsis. Docetaxel and paclitaxel (Taxol) have comparable activities in ovarian cancer. Ongoing studies with docetaxel include its use in patients as part of first-line therapy, as well as in patients refractory to paclitaxel. To prevent the development of fluid retention, these now involve the routine use of steroid prophylaxis. It is expected that docetaxel will prove to be an important addition to the drugs available for the treatment of ovarian cancer.
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PMID:Phase II trials of docetaxel (Taxotere) in advanced ovarian cancer--an updated overview. 947 Aug 2

Docetaxel (Taxotere), alone or in combination with other anticancer agents, has proven efficacy in the first- and second-line treatment of metastatic breast cancer. This phase II study investigated the efficacy and tolerability of docetaxel as neoadjuvant chemotherapy in women with stage II-III primary operable breast cancer. Patients (n=88) were treated with six cycles of docetaxel at 100 mg m(-2) every 21 days, followed by definitive surgery and radiotherapy. After six cycles of docetaxel, the overall clinical response rate was 68.4% (CI 95%: 58.1-78.7%), including 19.0% complete remissions. Breast conservation was achieved in 72.4% of patients. A high pathological complete response (pCR) rate in breast was confirmed in 15 patients (19.8% (CI 95%: 10.8-28.8%)) on Chevallier's classification restricted to breast and in 27 patients (35.5% (CI 95%: 24.7-46.3%)) on Sataloff's classification. After a median follow-up of 30.8 months, 19 recurrences were documented with a median time to first recurrence of 17.3 months. Patients with stage III tumours had more recurrences than patients with stage II tumours (P=0.02). The principal toxicity of docetaxel is myelosuppression and 70.5% of patients developed grade III or IV neutropenia with 13.6% developing neutropenic sepsis. There was no case of severe cardiac toxicity, thrombocytopenia or any other serious adverse events. In conclusion, neoadjuvant docetaxel induces a high pCR and breast-conservation rate. Docetaxel monotherapy is a highly effective regimen that merits formal comparison with currently used combination regimens in a randomised phase III study.
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PMID:Neoadjuvant docetaxel for operable breast cancer induces a high pathological response and breast-conservation rate. 1277 58