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Query: UMLS:C0243026 (sepsis)
 52,417 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Retrospective pathology data from necropsies of 162 marmosets, Saguinus oedipus, were studied to determine the nature of chronic wasting syndrome, a poorly defined entity associated with a high mortality rate in many marmoset colonies. Paraffin sections of the gastroenteric organs of 116 of these marmosets were re-examined in detail; lesions were identified, quantitated, and analyzed with a method of multiple chi-square testing for possible associations between findings. Five distinct disease entities were identified: prosthenorchosis, amebiasis, paramyxovirus disease, sepsis, and chronic colitis. Lesions of several of these often occurred in the same monkey, and all but the first were associated with cachexia. Lesions of chronic colitis were crypt abscesses, mononuclear and polymorphonuclear infiltration of the lamina propria, epithelial cell atypia, karyorrhexis, and lymphoid hyperplasia. The cause of chronic colitis was not identified, nor was any explanation found for weight loss and increased susceptibility to disease.
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PMID:An analysis of the association of gastroenteric lesions with chronic wasting syndrome of marmosets. 615 4

In a hamster model of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma which closely parallels the disease in man, and which is induced by an unusual agent(s), a diarrheal bowel disease was a major cause of mortality. This study was initiated to characterize this bowel disease and its relation to lymphoma induction and to natural diseases seen in the hamster. The studies showed that the bowel disease was an ulcerative process and was distinct from natural diseases. The incidence of the bowel disease correlated directly with that of the lymphoma in repeated epizootics, in titration studies, and in agent inactivation tests. The ulcerative bowel lesions were seen at the same stage of the disease as acute and chronic inflammatory infiltrates with necrosis in the thymus and mesenteric lymph nodes. Since necrosis in the gut-associated lymphoid tissue can lead to perforation and sepsis, these bowel lesions were lethal, whereas similar necrosis in other lymphoid tissues (thymus and lymph nodes) could be clinically undetectable. Similar lesions have been reported in man. The ulcerative bowel disease was a reliable early clinical marker for exposure of hamsters to this lymphomagenic agent(s).
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PMID:Lymphoma-associated ulcerative bowel disease in the hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) induced by an unusual agent. 637 5

Asplenic persons are at risk for the development of overwhelming sepsis from certain encapsulated bacteria, including meningococci. Since it is not known if asplenic persons can have antibody responses, this study compared such responses following bivalent groups A and C meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine in 22 asplenic subjects and healthy control subjects. There were no adverse reactions to the vaccine. Antibody responses were measured using a solid-phase radioimmune assay; results were compiled for both seroconversions and changes in mean antibody titers of IgG, IgA, and IgM classes. Subjects who underwent splenectomy for trauma and control subjects with spleens showed a polyclonal antibody response to both vaccine antigens. Those persons who underwent splenectomy for nonlymphoid tumors had nearly as good a response as normal subjects. By contrast, asplenic subjects with lymphoid tumors who had received prior chemotherapy and radiotherapy had poor responses to both antigens. It is concluded that meningococcal vaccine is immunogenic in asplenic persons, with the aforementioned exceptions, and that this vaccine should be routinely administered to such persons.
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PMID:Antibody responses to meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine in adults without a spleen. 641 2

The immune system was studied in 30 cases of local infection (pneumonia) and 56 cases of generalized infection (sepsis). Predominantly children with immunologic deficiency of the humoral type (77% of the cases) characterized by unscheduled fatty transformation of the thymus, underdevelopment of B-zones of lymphoid organs, low level of IgM production and the lack of IgG and IgA production were found to die with pneumonia, whereas children with physiological immaturity of the immune system and in smaller numbers (41% of the cases) with deficiency of immunity of the cellular and phagocytic type as confirmed by immaturity of the thymic tissue or its dysplasia with hypoplasia of lymphoid organs died with sepsis. Immunological deficiency of the humoral type is accompanied by suppurative destructive lesions of the respiratory organs, immunodeficiency of the cellular and phagocytic type by necrotic changes in the septic focus and mucous membranes of the organs contacting the environment.
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PMID:[The immune system and its relation with infection process in children]. 660 38

Retrospective pathology data from necropsies of 162 marmosets, Saguinus oedipus, were studied to determine the nature of chronic wasting syndrome, a poorly defined entity associated with a high mortality rate in many marmoset colonies. Paraffin sections of the gastroenteric organs of 116 of these marmosets were re-examined in detail; lesions were identified, quantitated, and analyzed with a method of multiple chi-square testing for possible associations between findings. Five distinct disease entities were identified: prosthenorchosis, amebiasis, paramyxovirus disease, sepsis, and chronic colitis. Lesions of several of these often occurred in the same monkey, and all but the first were associated with cachexia. Lesions of chronic colitis were crypt abscesses, mononuclear and polymorphonuclear infiltration of the lamina propria, epithelial cell atypia, karyorrhexis, and lymphoid hyperplasia. The cause of chronic colitis was not identified, nor was any explanation found for weight loss and increased susceptibility to disease.
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PMID:An analysis of the association of gastroenteric lesions with chronic wasting syndrome of marmosets. 681 72

The overall mortality rate at the Shriners Burns Institute, Galveston Unit, decreased from 14 per cent in 1966, to 2.8 per cent in 1980. In all, 74.8 per cent of the deaths were associated with sepsis, and pulmonary lesions were the most frequent fatal complications (75.6 per cent). The burn wound was the major source of sepsis (62.7 per cent). Pseudomonas, E. coli, Klebsiella, Candida spp. and Staphylococcus aureus were the most common cultured bacteria. After a new standard fluid resuscitation programme, tangential excision and surgical management of the burn wound sepsis were adopted, the fatalities decreased from an average annual mortality rate of 11.5 per cent in the years 1966-75, to an average annual mortality rate of 2.8 per cent in the period 1976-80. After the routine antacid and milk diet were adopted (1970), the percentage of stomach and duodenal ulcers found at autopsy decreased from 2.0 per cent to 0.8 per cent, and from 3.5 per cent to 0.5 per cent respectively. The morphological alterations in the lymphoid tissue, reflecting a defect in T-cell function and stimulation of B-cell function, were present up to 114 days post burn.
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PMID:A report of 115 consecutive autopsies in burned children: 1966-80. 706 24

Lymphoid system was studied morphologically in 61 infants aged under 1 year dying of sepsis, nonseptic inflammatory diseases and non-inflammatory processes. It was established that in sepsis generalization of the immune response and decompensation of the lymphoid system occurred in the development of which previous disorders of immune responsiveness (thymus pathology, immaturity of the lymphoid system of premature babies, respiratory viral infections) are of great importance. Unlike sepsis, local inflammatory processes are characterized predominantly by limited immune reaction and decompensation of lymphoid system has a local character. In babies of the first month of age reactions of the T-lymphocyte system predominate, in older babies those of the B-lymphocyte system.
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PMID:[Immunomorphologic aspects of sepsis in children under 1-year-old]. 708 93

Morphology of the lymphoid system was studied in 69 fatal cases due to sepsis, 25 due to massive local inflammatory processes and 18 sudden deaths (norm). In contrast to local inflammatory processes, the main feature of sepsis is a generalized reaction of the lymphoid system with signs of immunogenesis decompensation. Decompensation of the afferent part of immunogenesis manifested in glycogenolysis disorders, degenerative and necrotic changes of macrophages, inhibition of phagocytosis is important in the pathogenesis of sepsis. Decompensation of the central and efferent parts in most severe cases of sepsis is manifested in depletion of the lymph nodes and spleen and inhibition of immunoglobulin synthesis. The main issue in the pathogenesis of fulminating meningococcal sepsis is the formation of antigen-antibody immune complexes leading to the involvement of the microcirculatory channel vessels and disseminated intravascular blood coagulation.
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PMID:[Pathogenesis of certain forms of sepsis]. 744 40

In this report, we present a 5 months old male baby, who suffered from watery diarrhea since 4 days old. From then on, he had been admitted 3 times in 3 different hospitals but the symptoms still bothered him off and on. During the days of hospitalization, sepsis with positive blood culture of Klebsiella was noted. The patient expired at 5 months of age. The T cell count was 20% active T was 0. Delayed hypersensitivity skin tests including Candida (10 X), PHA (10 micrograms), PHA (1 microgram), SK/SD (50 units) were negative. The granulocyte function study showed normal. Immunoglobulin analysis revealed IgG: 1320 mg%, IgA: 120 mg%, IgM: 100 mg%. Agenesis of thymus, failure of lymphoid differentiation and abnormal lymphoid architecture with absence of germinal centers were noted at autopsy. Combined immunodeficiency with normal immunoglobulins (Nezelof syndrome) is a disease of primary immunodeficiency characterized by recurrent infections, failure to thrive, lymphopenia, diminished lymphoid tissue, abnormal structure or agenesis of the thymus, and presence of normal or increased levels of one or more of the major immunoglobulin classes, but with impaired antibody synthesis. Since its original description by Nezelof and associates in 1964, it has been reported on the subsequent occasion. In this report, we present our one experience and review the clinical and laboratory data in 33 reported cases.
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PMID:Report of a case of Nezelof syndrome. 744 23

The intestine was one of the first organs to be successfully transplanted experimentally. Results in humans were disappointing until recently, partly due to the large quantity of lymphoid tissue present in the intestine, resulting in a vigorous rejection process which is difficult to control. Recent advances in experimental studies have improved our knowledge about mechanisms of rejection and graft-versus-host disease, and have allowed the development of new immunosuppressive therapies. At the present time, major obstacles remain in clinical intestinal transplantation (i.e. difficulty of preventing rejection despite massive immunosuppression, high rate of postoperative sepsis). However, the protective effect of a concomitant transplanted liver and the use of FK 506 have allowed a dramatic improvement in clinical results, justifying continuation of experimentation of intestinal transplantation in humans.
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PMID:[Small intestine transplantation. Experimental and clinical results]. 750 99


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