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Query: UMLS:C0243026 (sepsis)
 52,417 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Recently MRSA occupies a prominent position in nosocomial infections. We experienced 9 cases of severe MRSA infections in our department during the 10 months from Apr. 1989 to Jan. 1990. We investigated the clinical background of them. THE RESULTS of studies were as followed: 1) All cases were inpatients. 2) All cases were considered to be compromised hosts. 3) In 7 cases many kinds of catheters and apparatuses were pre-indwelt . 4) In 8 cases over 2 kinds of antibiotics and in 7 cases 3rd generation cephems were pre-administered. 5) The 5 cases, who were selected for coagulase typing, all belonged to type II. 6) All cases had almost similar patterns of drug sensitivity and were resistant to large amounts of antibiotics. All cases had good sensitivity to minocycline. 7) THE RESULTS: 3 died of sepsis and respiratory failure and 6 were alive (MRSA strains were still isolated in 3 cases and were eradicated in the other 3 cases 1-4 months after the therapy was started).
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PMID:[Clinical studies of methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA) infections during the recent 10 months in our department]. 227 97

Twenty-eight (53%) of 53 hospital-acquired staphylococcal bacteraemias which occurred at The Royal Melbourne Hospital over a two-year period were due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Every patient with MRSA bacteraemia had a significant underlying condition predisposing to nosocomial sepsis, and each had an intravascular foreign body in situ at the time. Most were being nursed in special care areas of the hospital and had been exposed to multiple or broad-spectrum antibiotics during the month before development of bacteraemia. Patients acquiring MRSA infection should be isolated and, when the diagnosis of bacteraemia is considered, any potential primary focus should be removed. Vancomycin is the drug of choice in life-threatening MRSA infections.
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PMID:Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia. 702 25

A case of a traumatic carotid-cavernous aneurysm after removal of cancer of the upper jaw was reported. A 63-year-old male complaining of massive epistaxis from the left nostril was admitted to our clinic. He had suffered from cancer of the left upper jaw and had been treated with radical operation. During the surgical procedure, massive bleeding which was considered to be from the left internal carotid artery, suddenly occurred. The hemorrhage was somehow controlled by packing with oxidized cellulose. He experienced recurrent massive epistaxis after admission. Cerebral angiograms revealed an anterior-medially projecting aneurysm arising from the cavernous portion of the left internal carotid artery. He had a good cross circulation from right to left on compression of the left carotid artery. This aneurysm at the carotid-cavernous portion was produced as a result of injury during an operation for cancer of the upper jaw. To prevent disastrous bleeding from the aneurysm, the aneurysm was then successfully treated by the trapping of extra-and intracranial carotid ligation in combination with left STA-MCA anastomosis. There was no recurrence of epistaxis after the operation. However, a low-grade fever persisted before operation and a blood culture showed MRSA sepsis after the operation. Intensive chemotherapy was performed for this MRSA sepsis, he died of the accompanying DIC. Although aneurysmal epistaxis following a severe closed head trauma is a well-known phenomenon, an iatrogenic carotid-cavernous aneurysm presenting with recurrent massive epistaxis is rare. Several comments were made about the iatrogenic carotid cavernous aneurysm, and the necessity of early diagnosis and treatment was emphasized.
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PMID:[Traumatic carotid-cavernous aneurysm after removal of cancer of the upper jaw: a case report]. 760 35

A clinical investigation of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections to study the efficacy of arbekacin (ABK) was carried out by the MRSA Forum composed of 18 groups from 115 institutions in Japan. 348 patients (237 male, 111 female) were evaluated. All had infectious diseases clearly related to MRSA. 74 patients were treated with ABK alone and 274 with ABK in combination with other compounds. Most of them (94.6%/96.4%) had primary disease and suffered from pneumonia (38/175), sepsis (6/35) and other infections (30/64). Pure infection by MRSA was noted in 41/159 and polymicrobial infection with MRSA in 33/115. 53.6%/56.4% of MRSA was eradicated; bacteriological clinical efficacy was 75.6%/67.9% in pure infection and 63.6%/71.3% in polymicrobial infection. Clinical effect was obtained within three days in 70.3%/69.3% of total cases, 60.5%/72.0% in pneumonia and 90.0%/80.8% in the patients pretreated with other drugs, respectively. Efficacy ratio was shown to be 78.6%/71.4% in 30 min and 63.2%/66.4% in 60 min. Adverse effects were seen in 4.76%/5.70%, including renal function disorder (2/11), but no case was serious. Abnormal laboratory findings were noted in 15.4% of cases. ABK is effective against MRSA infection. Concurrent treatment with ABK and other drugs is effective in refractory infection.
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PMID:Nationwide investigation in Japan on the efficacy of arbekacin in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections. 775 94

A sixteen year old female was feverish from June 12, 1993. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was isolated from the blood, the diagnosis of MRSA sepsis was established. Vancomycin (2 g/day) was administered for eighteen days, but MRSA was not eradicated in the blood culture. Then she was administered a combination therapy of arbekacin (200 mg/day) and imipenem/cilastain (1 g/day) for seven days, but MRSA in the blood was cultured continuously. The sequential combination therapy of netilmycin (200 mg/day) and minocycline (200 mg/day) was started, MRSA was eradicated from the blood culture after four days. The sequential combination therapy netilmycin and minocycline was seemed to be effective for MRSA infection.
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PMID:[A case of MRSA sepsis treated by the sequential combination therapy netilmycin and minocycline]. 787 75

A clinical investigation on MRSA infections, and the determination of the efficacy and usefulness of arbekacin (ABK) were performed an "MRSA Forum" composed of 18 groups including 115 institutions in Japan. Patients with infectious diseases clearly related with MRSA, a total of 348 (males: 237, females: 111), were evaluated, 74/274 patients were treated with ABK alone/combination with ABK. Most of them (94.6%/96.4%) had underlying diseases and they had pneumonia (38/175), sepsis (6/35) or other infections (30/64). Infections by MRSA alone were noted in 41/159 and polymicrobial infections including with MRSA were in 33/115. 53.6%/56.4% of MRSA were eradicated and bacteriological clinical efficacies were 75.6%/67.9% in single infections and 63.6%/71.3% in polymicrobial infections. The clinical efficacies were obtained in 70.3%/69.3% of total and in 60.5%/72.0% of pneumonia and in 90.0%/80.8% of the patients pretreated with other drugs within 3 days previously. Efficacy rates were 78.6%/71.4% in 30 minute's div and 63.2%/66.4% in 60 minute's div. Adverse effects were found in 4.76%/5.70% including renal function disorder (2/11) but no case was serious. Abnormal laboratory test results were noted in 15.4%. ABK is effective against MRSA infections.
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PMID:[Nationwide investigation in Japan of the status of MRSA infections and usefulness of arbekacin]. 807 67

Clinical efficacy of arbekacin (ABK) was examined on patients with MRSA infection during hospitalization in Nagoya University Hospital. A total of 15 analysed cases of 5 sepsis, 3 pneumonias, 6 wound infections and one abdominal abscess. ABK was administered intravenously by drip infusion of 200 mg per day divided into 2 doses with or without other antibiotics. Overall clinical efficacy rate was 76.9%, and eradication rate for the MRSA was 54.5%. Adverse effects were noted in 3 cases (one each case of urticaria, disorder of liver function, and renal disorder). The renal disorder was found in the case where ABK was used in combination with vancomycin.
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PMID:[Clinical efficacy of arbekacin on MRSA infections]. 807 81

Availability of arbekacin (ABK) was analyzed in the chemotherapy of 24 MRSA-infected patients with symptoms of pneumonia (12), sepsis (6) and others (6). Most patients had background diseases such as malignant tumors or cerebrovascular disorders. 47% (7/15) of them were immunologically abnormal. 17 of them had been previously treated with cephems, imipenem, minocycline or fosfomycin. The ABK therapy was performed with doses ranging 50-400 mg a day, divided into 1-3 times (mostly 100 mg x 2), and for 5-24 days. (18 patients were treated between 5 and 14 days). 14 patients (58%) received combined therapy with other antibiotics (mostly with beta-lactams, 12). The clinical efficacy rate of the ABK therapy was 62% (good, 13; fair, 4; ineffective, 4; unknown, 3). The bacteriological efficacies were: eradicated, 7 (44%); decreased, 4; no change, 5; unknown, 8. Side effects were found in 3 patients (oliguria, 2; eruption due to drug, 1) and one case resulted in serious renal disorder. Abnormal laboratory data were found in 7 cases. Above results have indicated that ABK is a useful antibiotic in chemotherapy of MRSA-infections.
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PMID:[An evaluation study on arbekacin for MRSA-infectious diseases including pneumonia, septicemia and others]. 807 84

An epidemic outbreak of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) infections affecting liver transplantation patients was detected in our hospital. In this study we describe the special characteristics of the infections and the results of prophylactic treatment with Vancomycin. Between april 1990 and december 1991, 47 patients with mean age of 54.4 +/- 10 years underwent liver transplantation. The patients were included in two chronological groups: 1) Group I: 20 patients not treated prophylactically with Vancomycin; 2) Group II: 27 consecutive patients treated with Vancomycin. Systematical cultures of body fluids for bacteria and fungi were done in every patient, and were repeated after 24 hours. The cultures were repeated again in case of sepsis. Group I patients had a significantly higher frequency of MRSA infections than group II patients. Furthermore, in patients with MRSA infection, independently of the group, duration of transplantation (p < 0.01), reoperations (p < 0.001) and prophylactic treatment with Vancomycin (p < 0.001) were significative factors. In conclusion, Vancomycin appears to be an elective prophylactic antibiotic in case of high risk of MRSA sepsis after liver transplantation.
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PMID:[Effect of antibiotic prophylaxis with vancomycin on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection following liver transplantation]. 835 41

We report a case in conjunction with MRSA sepsis, who needed re-mitral valve replacement (re-MVR) and re-tricuspid valve imposition (re-TVI), and who was successfully treated with a number of antibiotics in conjunction with hyperthermal extracorporeal circulation. Initially, we performed MVR and tricuspid valve superimposition on a 62-year-old woman lationing under the MRSA sepsis condition to control against heart failure. However, she developed a fever following the first operation, and MRSA was detected from her blood cultivation. She thus underwent treatment employing many kinds of antibiotics. A thickened C.E. valve at the tricuspid valve cardiac echogram suggested PVE, we performed a second operation of re-MVR and re-TVI about a year after the first operation. We used a tangl of antibiotics during the operation, adding Vancomycin into the extracorporeal circulation, and utilized hyperthermal extracorporeal circulation. This patient's postoperative course was uneventful, with no recurrence arising at 23 months after the second operation.
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PMID:[Case report of MRSA sepsis required two valve replacement twice a year--trying case with hyperthermal extracorporeal circulation]. 840 17


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