Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0243026 (sepsis)
 52,417 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Serum opsonic activity for E. coli 075, conversion of C3 by inulin, total hemolytic complement (CH(50)), levels of native C3, factor B, C3b inactivator (KAF), properdin (P), and immunoglobulins (Ig) were determined in 14 patients with burns involving 13% to 91% body surface during 6 to 8 weeks postburn. In the 12 uninfected patients, levels of IgG and IgA were reduced during the first 10 days postburn, and decreased concentrations of P and IgM were demonstrated from three to 6 weeks postburn. C3 conversion was reduced from 10 days to 6 weeks postburn. Levels of C3, factor B, and KAF were normal or elevated for the entire study period. No difference in the occurrence of humoral abnormalities was noted in patients with burns caused by flame, immersion scald, or acid contact. Reduction in C3 conversion and P concentration were the only abnormalities which correlated with increasing burn size. Bacteremia and/or fungemia was documented in the other two patients. In one of these patients, reduction in CH(50) occurred during septicemia due to S. aureus, and in the other, reduction in all measurements of complement was associated with candidemia and Pseudomonas septicemia and occurred prior to the development of shock. Serum opsonic activity was only reduced significantly during sepsis, suggesting that this abnormality occurred as a result rather than a cause of infection. These results indicate that consumption of components of the classical and/or alternative pathways of complement activation may be an important mechanism by which infection is perpetuated in the burn patient. They also emphasize the importance of the clinical management of the burn patient in preventing the development of septic complications.
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PMID:Changes in humoral components of host defense following burn trauma. 87 73

Although animal models of infection are associated with certain limitations in interpretation, properly performed studies provide important information for evaluating the efficacy of new antimicrobial agents in the treatment of human disease. The antibacterial efficacy of the newer quinolones, particularly ciprofloxacin, has undergone extensive evaluation in several animal models. Efficacy has been demonstrated in animal models of pneumonia, endocarditis, meningitis, skin and soft-tissue infections, septic arthritis, burn wound sepsis, empyema, intra-abdominal abscess, osteomyelitis, prostatitis, sinusitis, urinary tract infection, chronic gastroenteritis, granuloma pouch infection, and Pseudomonas septicemia. More recent studies have evaluated the efficacy of ciprofloxacin in animal models of tuberculosis and syphilis, as well as in infections caused by the intracellular pathogens Salmonella typhimurium, Legionella pneumophila, and Listeria monocytogenes.
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PMID:An update on the efficacy of ciprofloxacin in animal models of infection. 258 79

We report here a 2.5-year-old male child with community-acquired Pseudomonal sepsis showing the characteristic lesions of ecthyma gangrenosum. The child had development of gangrenous changes of the nose and face - the 'cancrum oris' or 'Noma'. We highlight the possible association of Pseudomonas sepsis and Noma, with malnutrition playing a central role in causing both the diseases.
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PMID:Pseudomonas sepsis with Noma: an association? 1612 30

Pseudomonas aeruginosa sepsis rarely occurs in healthy children. In immunocompromised children, it usually carries a high mortality rate. Ecthyma gangrenosum is a known cutaneous manifestation of Pseudomonas septicaemia. Three paediatric cases of Pseudomonas aeruginosa septicaemia with ecthyma gangrenosum were retrospectively reviewed. The three patients were aged seven years, seven months, and five months, respectively. An underlying disease of hypogammaglobulinaemia was present in the oldest patient. Blood cultures grew Pseudomonas aeruginosa in all three patients. All underwent repeated wound debridement and received intravenous ceftazidime and an aminoglycoside for a minimum of two weeks. One needed colostomy and subsequent posterior sagittal anorectoplasty as a result of complete obliteration of the anal canal from the ecthyma. There was no mortality. In conclusion, Pseudomonas aeruginosa sepsis should be treated early. Recognition of ecthyma gangrenosum as a manifestation of this problem can allow early institution of the appropriate antibiotics before culture results.
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PMID:Ecthyma gangrenosum: a manifestation of Pseudomonas sepsis in three paediatric patients. 1713 6

The generally accepted definition of ecthyma gangrenosum (EG) states that this condition is pathognomonic of Pseudomonas septicemia (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and that it should usually be seen in immunocompromised patients, particularly those with underlying malignant disease. The cases described in the literature present a somewhat different picture. Our objective was to analyze this controversy. The review analyzes 167 cases of EG that were described in the literature from 1975 to 2014. All articles on EG cases with EG-specific tissue defect that had signs of general and/or local infection and skin necrosis were included and analyzed, whatever the etiology detected. Necrotic lesions of the skin diagnosed as EG have various microbiological etiology, can occur in immunocompetent or even healthy persons, and are not necessarily connected with septicemia. In published cases, P. aeruginosa was detected in 123 cases (73.65%); of them, there were only 72 cases (58.5%) with sepsis. Other bacterial etiology was detected in 29 cases (17.35%) and fungi were detected in 15 cases (9%). While the clinical picture of the disease and the treatment strategy remain the same, there is no need to invent two separate definitions for Pseudomonas and non-Pseudomonas cases. We suggest accepting a broader definition of EG.
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PMID:Ecthyma gangrenosum and ecthyma-like lesions: review article. 2540 72