Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0243026 (sepsis)
 52,417 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An 11-year-old boy with consecutive development of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and Wegener granulomatosis (WG) is presented. He was first admitted to the hospital with the findings of SLE, including crescentic glomerulonephritis, Coombs' test-positive hemolytic anemia, hypocomplementemia, antinuclear antibody (ANA) positivity, and elevated levels of anti-double-stranded (ds) DNA antibodies. He was treated successfully with steroids, cyclophosphamide, and peritoneal dialysis. One month after his discharge he developed an apparent viral infection. Three weeks afterwards he was readmitted with the findings of lower respiratory tract involvement, maxillary sinusitis, nasal septum perforation, p- and c-antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) positivity, but normal complement, ANA, and anti-ds DNA levels, suggesting the diagnosis of WG. He did not respond to anti-infectious and immunosuppressive treatment, and he died of Pseudomonas sepsis.
 ...
PMID:A boy with consecutive development of SLE and Wegener granulomatosis. 1474 Feb 84

Orbital cellulitis and abscess formation are rare complications of sinusitis, however acute orbital inflammation is secondary to sinusitis in about 70% of cases. Delay in diagnosis must not occur to avoid serious complications such as blindness and life threatening intracranial sepsis. A case is reported in which despite late referral, emergency surgical intervention was sight saving.
 ...
PMID:Periorbital swelling: the important distinction between allergy and infection. 1498 62

Garcin syndrome is characterized by an unilateral cranial nerves involvement without sensory or motor long-tract disturbances. It is usually caused by tumor infiltrating in the skull base with osteolytic changes on radiological study. We report a case of 64-year-old man with history of alcohol overintake, who admitted local hospital, because of right periorbital edema and facial swelling. He noted right ptosis 2 weeks prior to admission. Neurological examination revealed right multiple cranial nerves involvement including II, III, IV, V, and VI cranial nerves. MR imaging of the brain showed marked paranasal sinusitis and abnormal infiltration of right orbital fat. Orbital apex syndrome related to paranasal sinusitis was diagnosed, and antibiotics was administered. But a few days after admission, he developed a right VII, IX, X cranial nerve palsy. He was transferred to our hospital because of acute development of left hemiparesis and deteriorated consciousness. MR imaging of the brain showed right internal carotid artery (ICA) occlusion, and infarction in right middle cerebral artery (MCA)'s territory. The diagnostic biopsy of the paranasal sinus showed mucorales hyphae, indicating that the pathological diagnosis was mucormycosis. Despite of antibiotic therapy included of amphotericin-B administration and strict control of diabetic mellitus, his sinusitis was gradually spread. His condition progressively deteriorated, and finally died of sepsis. Post-mortem examination revealed a widespread mucor infiltration in the dura mater without skull bone invasion. This case presented with unilateral multiple cranial nerve involvements (Garcin syndrome) followed by left hemiparesis associated with rhinocerebral mucormycosis. It is suggested that mucormycosis should be considered in case of Garcin syndrome without osteolysis in the skull base.
 ...
PMID:[Garcin syndrome in a patient with rhinocerebral mucormycosis]. 1511 47

X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) is a primary immunodeficiency caused by mutations in the gene for Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) that result in the deficient development of B lymphocytes and hypogammaglobulinemia. Because the disorder is uncommon, no single institution has had sufficient numbers of patients to develop a comprehensive clinical picture of the disorder. Accordingly, a national registry of United States residents with XLA was established in 1999 to provide an updated clinical view of the disorder in a large cohort of patients. A total of 201 patients were registered by 66 physicians. The estimated birth rate for the 10-year period of 1988-1997 was 1/379,000. Infection was the most common initial clinical presentation (85%), followed by a positive family history (41%) and neutropenia (11%). Although the average age of diagnosis was younger in patients with a positive family history (mean, 2.59 yr) than in patients with a negative family history (mean, 5.37 yr) (p < 0.001), only 34.5% of patients with a positive family history at the time of their birth were diagnosed before clinical symptoms developed-that is, based on family history alone. Seventy percent of patients had at least 1 episode of otitis, 62% at least 1 episode of pneumonia, 60% at least 1 episode of sinusitis, 23% at least 1 episode of chronic/recurrent diarrhea, 21% at least 1 episode of conjunctivitis, 18% at least 1 episode of pyoderma and/or cellulitis, 11% at least 1 episode of meningitis/encephalitis, 10% at least 1 episode of sepsis, 8% at least 1 episode of septic arthritis, 6% at least 1 episode of hepatitis, and 3% at least 1 episode of osteomyelitis. Fourteen of 201 (6.9%) patients were dead at the time they were entered in the Registry. However, in a prospective 4 /4-year follow-up of living patients, only 3/80 (3.75%) patients died. Causes of death included disseminated enterovirus infection (n = 6), pulmonary insufficiency (n = 5), adenovirus infection (n = 1), sepsis (n = 1), acquired immunodeficiency disease syndrome (AIDS) (n = 1), myocarditis (n = 1), hepatitis (n = 2), and stem cell transplantation (n = 1).
 ...
PMID:X-linked agammaglobulinemia: report on a United States registry of 201 patients. 1686 44

X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) is a primary immunodeficiency characterized by a failure to generate immunoglobulins of all isotypes due to the absence of mature B cells and plasma cells, secondary to mutations in the Bruton's tyrosine kinase (Btk) gene. We report six patients with XLA, confirmed by mutation analysis, from northern Thailand. The mean age of onset was 2.5 years and the mean age at diagnosis was 7.3 years. All patients had a history of otitis media, pneumonia and arthritis at the time of diagnosis, five patients had developed bronchiectasis and 3 patients septicemia. Other infections reported included sinusitis (5/6), pericarditis (1/6), meningitis (1/6) and pyoderma (1/6). Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus were isolated on multiple occasions. One patient died of sepsis at the age of 16 years. These observations demonstrate that early diagnosis and treatment can improve prognosis and quality of life.
 ...
PMID:X-linked agammaglobulinemia in northern Thailand. 1691 89

Three independent, fatal outbreaks of Streptococcus canis infection occurred in a 2-year period in shelter cats. The outbreaks occurred in Northern California (Yolo County), Southern California (Kern County), and North Carolina (Guilford County). An estimation of the affected population is >150 cats among 3 affected shelters, with a mortality rate of up to 30%. Among 20 cats submitted for necropsy there were 2 distinct pathologic presentations. The first (shelters 1 and 2) was skin ulceration and chronic respiratory infection that progressed, in some cats, to necrotizing sinusitis and meningitis. The second (shelter 3) was rapid progression from necrotizing fasciitis with skin ulceration to toxic shock-like syndrome, sepsis, and death. S canis was the sole pathogen identified in most cases. Whether hypervirulent S canis strains exist is unknown; there is little understanding of how these bacteria cause invasive disease in cats.
 ...
PMID:Fatal Streptococcus canis infections in intensively housed shelter cats. 1731 1

A normal component of the flora of the oropharynx, Neisseria sicca was first isolated in 1906 and has since been reported as a rare cause of various human infections including endocarditis, pneumonia, sinusitis, sepsis, and urethritis. We report the case of a 44-year-old African-American female with a history of hypertension who presented with complaints of right frontal headache, nausea, photophobia, and vomiting. A computed tomography scan of the patient's brain showed a large subarachnoid hemorrhage, and an arteriogram confirmed a large posterior communicating artery aneurysm. A ventriculostomy tube was placed, and the patient subsequently developed an elevated temperature and elevated white blood cell count. Cerebrospinal fluid studies showed elevated protein and glucose levels and cultures positive for N. sicca. This is only the seventh reported case of culture-proven meningitis related to N. sicca, and the first reported case associated with intracranial hemorrhage and ventriculostomy tube placement.
 ...
PMID:Neisseria sicca meningitis following intracranial hemorrhage and ventriculostomy tube placement. 1790 82

The aim of this study was to assess if differences in etiology and risk factors among 372 cases of bacterial meningitis acquired after surgery (PM) or in community (CBM) have impact on outcome of infected patients. Among 372 cases of bacterial meningitis within last 17 years from 10 major Slovak hospitals, 171 were PM and 201 CBM. Etiology, risk factors such as underlying disease, cancer, diabetes alcoholism, surgery, VLBW, ENT infections, trauma, sepsis were recorded and mortality, survival with sequellae, therapy failure were compared in both groups. Significant differences in etiology and risk factors between both groups were reported. Those after neurosurgery had more frequently Coagulase negative staphylococci (p<0.001), Enterobacteriaceae (p=0.01) and Acinetobacter baumannii (p=0.0008) isolated from CSF and vice versa Streptococcus pneumoniae (p<0.001), Neisseria meningitis (p<0.001) and Haemophillus influenza (p=0.0009) were more commonly isolated from CSF in CBM. Neurosurgery (p<0.001), sepsis (p=0.006), VLBW neonates (p=0.00002) and cancer (p=0.0007) were more common in PM and alcohol abuse (p<0.001) as well as otitis/sinusitis (p<0.001) and Roma ethnic group (p=0.001) in CAM. Initial treatment success was significantly more frequently observed among CAM (p<0.001) but cure after modification was more common in PM (p=0.002). Therefore outcome in both groups was similar (14.6% vs. 12.4%, p=NS).
 ...
PMID:Comparison of postsurgical and community acquired bacterial meningitis--analysis of 372 cases within a nationwide survey. 1803 Feb 63

We report the case of an 18-year-old woman who was admitted to the medical intensive care unit in Innsbruck with severe septic shock and respiratory insufficiency following a prolonged infection of the upper airways (pharyngitis, sinusitis). Abscessing pneumonia and bilateral pleural empyema were diagnosed as focus. Cultures of pleural fluids were positive for Fusobacterium necrophorum. In addition to multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (acute lung injury, acute renal failure, disseminated intravascular coagulation), she developed tenderness in the right neck followed by septic arthritis of the right sternoclavicular joint a few days later. Further history revealed a previous period of infectious mononucleosis (EBV infection). The previously healthy patient eventually made a complete recovery after prolonged treatment in the ICU including antibiotic therapy and multiple surgical interventions and drainage. Lemierre's syndrome is characterized by severe infection, with pharyngitis, sepsis and thrombosis of the internal jugular vein, and is most frequently associated with upper airway infection with Fusobacterium necrophorum, often preceded by infection with Epstein-Barr virus which enables bacteria growing in the oral cavity to invade.
 ...
PMID:Lemierre's syndrome following infectious mononucleosis. 1836 59

Streptococcus pneumoniae, an important pathogen causing sepsis, sinusitis, otitis media, bacterial meningitis and bacterial pneumonia, results in global morbidity and mortality each year. The burden of pneumococcal disease is highest in children and the elderly. Treatment of pneumococcal infection has been hampered by the complexity of the host immune response. In recent decades, the increase of S. pneumoniae strains' resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics and other classes of antimicrobials has made treatment even more complicated. Fortunately, the advent of heptavalent conjugate vaccine confers a high degree of protection against pneumococcal disease and colonization caused by vaccine serotype strains. After the introduction of conjugate pneumococcal vaccine, invasive pneumococcal disease caused by vaccine serotypes and antibiotic-resistant isolates has been reduced. However, naturally transformable pneumococci may escape vaccine-induced immunity by switching their capsular genes to non-vaccine serotypes. Development of cheaper, serotype-independent vaccines based on a combination of protein antigens should be pursued.
 ...
PMID:The transforming Streptococcus pneumoniae in the 21st century. 1856 11


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>