Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0243026 (sepsis)
 52,417 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In a 10-year cohort of 117 infants hospitalized in Honolulu with Salmonella infections, there were 12 infants with bacteremia or complications (simple bacteremia, 7; bacteremia with probably unrelated concurrent infection, 2; serious complications, 3). The rate of serious complications in this cohort was low and occurred only in infants with previous chronic illness or clinically obvious extraintestinal infection at the time of presentation. Antibiotics were not shown to be of benefit in reducing the frequency of complications; however, the sample size was too small to make definitive conclusions. These data do not support the contention that infants with Salmonella gastroenteritis are at increased risk of complications and should therefore be treated with antibiotics. Rather, the same clinical risk factors for sepsis that apply to all infants also apply to infants with Salmonella gastroenteritis and the decision to begin antibiotic treatment should be based on similar clinical information.
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PMID:Salmonella infections in infants in Hawaii. 334 Apr 59

Imipenem/cilastatin sodium (MK-0787/MK-0791) was administered to pediatric patients with infections, and the following results were obtained. Pharmacokinetic study Two children, 11 years of age (38 kg body weight) and 3 years of age (15.5 kg body weight), were administered by 30 minutes intravenous drip infusion a single dose of 500 mg/500 mg (13.2 mg/13.2 mg per kg) and 250 mg/250 mg (16.1 mg/16.1 mg per kg) of MK-0787/MK-0791, respectively. Serum concentrations of MK-0787 reached their peaks at the end of drip infusion at a value of 56.33 micrograms/ml and 55.98 micrograms/ml, respectively. Concentrations of the drug decreased as the time after the administration increased, and they reached 0.14 microgram/ml and 0.12 microgram/ml, respectively in the older and the younger children at 6 hours after the administration. Half-lives (T 1/2) of the drug in serum were calculated to be 1.21 hours and 1.04 hours, respectively. The concentration of the drug in cerebrospinal fluid for the 11 years old was 0.52 microgram/ml 2 hours after the drip infusion and the serum concentration at the time was 4.02 micrograms/ml. Peak serum concentrations of MK-0791 in the 2 children were 53.73 micrograms/ml and 22.99 micrograms/ml, respectively, at the end of drip infusion. After 1 hour, the serum concentration of the drug decreased to 10.54 micrograms/ml in 1 case and not detectable in the other case. Urinary recovery rates of MK-0787 in 6 hours after the drip infusion was 82.9% and 63.6% in the 2 children and those of MK-0791 were 57.9% and 74.6%. Clinical study Clinical studies on MK-0787/MK-0791 were carried out in 6 pediatric patients; 1 each with femoral cellulitis, sepsis suspected, salmonellosis, acute tonsillitis, bronchopneumonia and streptococcosis. Lengths of treatment were 2 2/3-4 days for 5 cases and 6 days for 1 case. The patients were treated by 30-60 minutes intravenous drip infusions twice a day for 1 case, and 3 times a day for 5 cases at daily doses of 54.5-66.7 mg/kg. The treatment was effective in all cases, with 3 cases judged excellent and 3 cases good. The safety of the drug was studied in 7 patients. No side effects nor clinically abnormal values were observed in any cases.
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PMID:[Clinical study on imipenem/cilastatin sodium in the field of pediatrics]. 346 80

A 1-year-old female patient is described who suffered from sepsis and endophthalmitis due to Salmonella typhimurium. This Salmonella species rarely causes septicemic syndrome or focal infection of body organs. As far as we know this is the first case report of endophthalmitis caused by S typhimurium despite its high frequency among Salmonella infections not caused by S typhi.
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PMID:Endophthalmitis due to Salmonella typhimurium. 351 14

During 1980-1984, 51 patients with enteric fever (typhoid/paratyphoid fever and salmonellosis) biliary tract sepsis, and other Gram-negative infections were treated with temocillin at 3 medical centres in Bangkok, Thailand. This article summarises the results in the 42 evaluable patients (14 males, 28 females); 10 patients with enteric fever, 2 patients with salmonellosis; 12 patients with biliary tract sepsis, and 18 patients with other Gram-negative infections. Overall, 86% of the patients were clinically cured or improved. Bacteriological eradication or marked reduction in the number of organisms was achieved in 95% of the patients. In 10 cases of enteric fever and 2 cases of salmonellosis all bacterial pathogens were eradicated, but 1 case of Salmonella paratyphi infection failed clinically. Eleven of 12 biliary tract infections were clinically cured or improved, and organisms were eliminated from all 10 bacteriologically assessable patients. The majority of patients received 1 to 2g of temocillin given by intravenous infusion twice daily for 5 to 14 days. Temocillin was well tolerated by all patients.
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PMID:Use of temocillin in typhoid fever, hepatobiliary disease and other infections. 392 21

Clinical and laboratory data of 27 previously normal, healthy infants 2 months of age or less who were hospitalized for suspected sepsis during a 1-year period were reviewed. Results of bacterial cultures and viral studies revealed enteroviruses (seven echoviruses, one coxsackievirus) to be the predominant pathogens identified. Other viruses identified were one each of adenovirus, untypeable hemadsorbing virus and respiratory syncytial virus. Group B streptococcal and enterococcal bacteremia and salmonellosis were diagnosed in one case each. Gram-negative bacillary urinary tract infections occurred in two patients. No pathogens were identified in 11 patients. Although these data indicate an important role for enteroviruses in this syndrome during summer and fall, we believe that the occult bacteremia found in 7% of our patients justifies initial antibiotic therapy in very young infants with suspected sepsis.
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PMID:Viral and bacterial pathogens of suspected sepsis in young infants. 688 56

Salmonellosis in older children and adults is usually a self-limited disease, but the risk of complications in infants is not well-defined. We performed a retrospective review of 52 patients. 90 days of age or less, seen at the St. Louis Children's Hospital between 1975 and 1981 with stool cultures positive for salmonella. Sixteen were 30 days old or less (neonates), 21 were 31- 60 days of age, and 15 were 61-90 days old. Among patients in whom blood cultures were done initially, bacteremia was most frequent in neonates: 5/11 (45%), compared to 2/18 (11%) in older infants. All seven infants presenting with bacteremia received 10 or more days of antibiotic therapy: yet complications (osteomyelitis, fatal meningitis or chronic diarrhea) developed in three of five neonates and one of two older infants. Complications also developed in seven of 22 patients who initially had negative blood cultures, including two infants in whom sepsis later developed and two infants who required intravenous hyperalimentation because of chronic diarrhea and malnutrition. The group of 23 patients who did not have blood cultures all did well. Salmonellosis is not necessarily a self-limited infection in young infants. Even in the absence of bacteremia, clinicans would appear to be justified in using antimicrobial therapy in infants 3 months of age or les with salmonella gastroenteritis, particularly neonates of older infants with symptoms of dysentery or failure to thrive.
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PMID:Salmonella gastroenteritis in the first three months of life. A review of management and complications. 714 Jan 21

Of seven infants with Salmonella sepsis, three had meningitis. A review of these cases and others previously reported demonstrated that among infants less than 1 year old in Arkansas, Salmonella infection developed in 383 over a 31/2-year period. The reported incidence of sepsis and/or meningitis was 1.8%; for those less than 2 months of age, it was 5.0%. Epidemiologic investigation failed to disclose a consistent source of the Salmonella colonization for young infants. Treatment of meningitis with ampicillin sodium was frequently associated with relapse or clinical failure, while chloramphenicol or a chloramphenicol-ampicillin combination appeared to offer superior efficacy. Consideration should be given to antibiotics for the routine treatment of Salmonella gastroenteritis in infants less than 3 months of age.
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PMID:Salmonella sepsis in infancy. 731 4

Four cases of extraintestinal salmonellosis caused by Salmonella enteritidis were described. Underlying diseases in the three patients were haematological neoplasms (2 splenectomized and 1 with massive leukemic infiltrations of the spleen) and in the fourth haemophilia B: only that patient had a prior symptomatic intestinal infection. Blood cultures for S.ent. were positive in all patients and additionally in that suffering from Hodgkin's disease urine, lymph node and stool cultures also showed S.ent. In the haemophiliac patient culture of suppurated hematoma was positive. All patients recovered from S. sepsis but three then died of their neoplastic diseases. The haemophiliac patient is in a good condition. Various disturbances in the immunological tests were observed.
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PMID:[Extraintestinal salmonellosis in patients with blood diseases caused by Salmonella enteritidis]. 747 35

A case of salmonellosis complicated by hemorrhagic pancreatitis is presented. It is emphasized that removal of the gallbladder when stones are present is mandatory in sepsis induced by salmonellosis in the bile-pancreatic region, in spite of modem antibiotic treatment.
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PMID:Necrotizing acute pancreatitis induced by Salmonella infection. 793 Jul 84

The epidemiology of salmonellosis has undergone a change during the last 2 years. An increase in the number of cases of enteritis and sepsis caused by Salmonella enteritidis has been observed. We report on the case of a 65-year-old woman with mitral valve endocarditis due to Salmonella enteritidis. The infective endocarditis occurred without prior episodes of gastroenteritis. After having undergone prosthetic valve replacement and antibiotic therapy with ciprofloxacin, the patient recovered completely.
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PMID:[Mitral valve endocarditis caused by Salmonella enteritidis]. 825 14


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