Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0243026 (sepsis)
 52,417 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

To evaluate the antibacterial potency of cefotiam (CTM) clinical and laboratory studies were carried out and the results were as follows. Clinical evaluation and adverse reaction CTM was given to total of 23 patients, 10 with bronchopneumonia, 10 with bronchitis and one each with cystitis, enteritis and suspected sepsis. Overall efficacy rate was 78.3% (18/23) (excellent 9, good 9, fair 3, poor 2). Only 1 case showed a side effect of slightly elevated GOT and GPT. Antibacterial activities MIC of CTM against isolates from sputum was investigated on those patients mentioned above and was compared with MIC of CEZ and CMZ. CTM showed superior antibacterial activity against almost all strains. Especially on Haemophilus and Klebsiella antibacterial activity of CTM was impressive. Organisms in sputum Four out of 8 causative bacteria disappeared and 1 out of 8 decreased after administration of CTM. Thus CTM is considered to be the useful drug for the treatment of respiratory infection.
 ...
PMID:[Antibacterial potency of cefotiam based on the clinical effect, MIC and decrement of organisms in the sputum]. 631 12

Fifty-five infants participated in a double-blind study of indomethacin therapy for the closure of patent ductus arteriosus. Seventeen infants died. There was no significant difference in autopsy findings between the groups with respect to pneumonia, disseminated intravascular coagulopathy, necrotizing enterocolitis, sepsis, intraventricular hemorrhage, hydrocephalus, kernicterus, brain softening, and renal damage. For those infants who survived and returned for follow-up at approximately 1 year of age, there was no significant difference between the control (n = 17) and indomethacin (n = 13) groups with respect to physical growth, Bayley scores, respiratory infection, abnormal eye ground, neurological defects, and abnormal EEG. Four in the control group (24%) and three in the indomethacin group (23%) had moderate to severe neurological defects and/or scored less than 80 on the Bayley Mental Development Index or Psychomotor Development Index. It appeared that indomethacin therapy did not have a long-term adverse effect on premature infants.
 ...
PMID:Intravenous indomethacin therapy in premature infants with patent ductus arteriosus. Causes of death and one-year follow-up. 711 4

Antibiotic prophylaxis is currently recommended in clean-contamined surgery (type II of Altemeier classification). Pulmonary surgery belongs to this type. This prospective randomized and controlled study was designed to compare amoxicillin and cefamandole for prevention of pleural and bronchopulmonary infections after pulmonary resections. It included 256 patients, admitted between October 1st 1989 and July 1st 1991, for elective thoracotomy and probable pulmonary resection. The patients were allocated into two groups, group A (amoxicillin) and group C (cefamandole). The first intravenous antibiotic injection took place immediately after induction of anaesthesia (1 g of amoxicillin or 1.5 g of cefamandole). Postoperative injections were performed every 6 hours during 36 hours (i.e. a total of 6 injections). Infection was defined by the association of general signs including hyperthermia (> 38 degrees C), hyperleucocytosis (> 12,000/mm3), and local signs such as bronchitis (B), pneumonia (P), empyema (E), wound sepsis (W) and non thoracic infection (S). Follow-up included the hospital stay and a period of eight months after surgery for possible rehospitalisation for infection. Respiratory infections (bronchitis n = 35, pneumonia n = 5, empyema n = 2) occurred in 18% of the total population. No difference was seen between the two groups concerning the type of infection and the repartition of infection in relation to the type of pulmonary surgery. The causative bacterial organisms were Haemophilus influenzae (n = 4), Streptococcus pneumoniae (n = 2), Escherichia coli (n = 1), anaerobic bacteria (n = 1). Multiple bacteria were found in one case. The empyema and wound sepsis occurred in the amoxicillin group.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:[Comparison of amoxicillin and cefamandole in the prevention of bronchopulmonary infections in pulmonary surgery. A randomized double-blind study]. 799 33

We experienced 12 patients who were suffering from bacteremia or sepsis and pneumonia or lung abscess coincidently caused by the same bacterium, during the 8 years from 1985 to 1992 a Hokusyo Central Hospital. All of them has some underlying diseases, and the average age was 73.6 years old. In ten out of 12 patients bacteremia or sepsis preceded the respiratory tract infection, and in 7 cases indwelling intravenous catheter was thought to be the port of entry of the bacteria. Respiratory tract infections were composed of pneumonia in 8 cases and lung abscess in 4 cases. Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was detected in 4 cases, Methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were in 2 cases respectively, Citrobacter freundii and Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus spp. were in one cases respectively. Eight out of 12 cases died in spite of current antibiotics therapy, suggesting poor prognosis.
 ...
PMID:[Coexisting respiratory tract infection and bacteremia or sepsis caused by the same bacterium]. 815 Nov 48

At Hokusho Central Hospital, we studied the isolation rate of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) from 1985 to 1989; respiratory infection with MRSA, in 1989; and sepsis of MRSA, from 1988 to 1989. The isolation rate of MRSA from sputum increased from 0% in 1985 to 65.4% in 1989. MRSA was isolated mainly from elderly patients in a geriatric ward, with 55 of 67 strains (82%) being isolated from these patients in 1989. MIC80 of isolated MRSA strains was 0.01 microgram/ml to rifampicin, 0.02 microgram/ml to mynomycine, 3.13 micrograms/ml to vancomycin, 12.5 micrograms/ml to ofloxacin and 100 micrograms/ml to imipenem in 1989. One-third of the 60 isolated cases showed respiratory infections including 10 cases of pneumonia and 10 sepsis patients and 11 blood samples in 1988 and 1989, especially 92.9% of S. aureus isolated in 1989 was MRSA. Four of the 6 patients with respiratory infections of MRSA and 1 of the 3 patients with MRSA sepsis were treated successfully by a combination therapy of imipenem/cilastatin and cefazolin.
 ...
PMID:[A study of respiratory infection and sepsis caused by MRSA at Hokusho Central Hospital]. 829 69

Rhinovirus is an important cause of respiratory infection among all age groups, but it is primarily thought of as being responsible for upper respiratory tract infection. Rhinovirus was isolated from the respiratory tract of 48 pediatric patients who were hospitalized (40) or seen in a pediatric emergency room (8) during the period of July, 1985, through December, 1988. Twenty-eight (58%) of the patients presented during the spring and early summer. Forty-one (86%) of the 48 patients were less than 12 months of age. All except four of the patients had viral cultures performed because of respiratory symptoms. Bronchiolitis was the single most frequent clinical diagnosis and was noted in equal proportion among children less than 3 months and 3 to 12 months of age. Nine patients were assigned a diagnosis of suspected sepsis. Rhinovirus infection was a complication of underlying illness for 17 (44%) of the 40 hospitalized patients, and those patients tended to be older than the otherwise healthy hospitalized infants with rhinovirus. Twenty-six patients (54%) were treated with antibacterial agents, although only one patient was documented to have a concomitant bacterial infection (Chlamydia trachomatis). Overall rhinovirus isolation during the study period represented 0.7% of all specimens submitted for viral isolation compared with 8.2% for respiratory syncytial virus. Rhinovirus infection leads to hospitalization less frequently than does respiratory syncytial virus infection, but the severity of illness and clinical presentation in young infants are similar.
 ...
PMID:Rhinovirus infection associated with serious illness among pediatric patients. 838 79

Infection and refractoriness to platelet transfusion, as complications in hematopoietic malignancy therapy, were investigated. The Hanshin Study Group of Hematopoietic Disorders and Infection treated with 3,346 cases of bacterial infection (7.8% sepsis, 71% sepsis suspected, 13.7% respiratory infection) during the past 13 years. A total of 688 strains were detected as causative organisms, 59.2% being gram-negative bacilli and 40.3% gram-positive bacteria. Comparison of the detection rates obtained 10 years ago and those obtained in the last three years showed a decrease from 73.8% to 46.8% for gram-negative bacilli and an increase from 25.1% to 53.2% for gram-positive bacteria. Twenty-eight antibiotics administered singly and nine combinations of two drugs administered concomitantly were assessed. Efficacy rates were 43.9% to 67.2% for single-drug administration and 35.2% to 64.2% for concomitant administration. Notably, some combinations were less effective than single-drug administration. Of 153 cases of fungal infection seen in the last three years, 80% were caused by the genus Candida. Two antifungal drugs were used, with efficacy rates ranging from 45.5% to 70.0%. In 150 patients undergoing frequent transfusion, anti-HLA alloantibody was measured. The positive rate was 32.9%. In 76 subjects receiving leukocyte-depleted platelet transfusion using a polyester filter, a decreased alloantibody positive rate of 17.1% was obtained.
 ...
PMID:[Complications and management of hematopoietic malignancy therapy]. 847 74

Aeromonas is increasingly recognized as a human pathogen that causes a variety of different infections. Aeromonas has rarely been reported as a cause of respiratory infection, and it has been described in near-drowning-associated pneumonia. This article reviews a case of Aeromonas sobria pneumonia associated with a near drowning and considers the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of 10 previously reported cases. Nearly all of the cases involved young healthy men, a rapid development of pneumonia and sepsis after a brief stable period postimmersion, and bilateral infiltrates on chest radiography. A very high rate of positive blood cultures and mortality was also noted. The epidemiological and clinical data in this review may be helpful to the clinician caring for near-drowning victims. Although prophylactic antibiotics are not recommended for near-drowning victims, broad-spectrum antibiotics should be rapidly instituted with any evidence of infection.
 ...
PMID:Near-drowning-associated Aeromonas pneumonia. 896 97

The incidence of postoperative infections, especially due to multi-drug resistant strains such as Pseudomonas sp., Enterococcus sp., and Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), is high in compromised hosts. Among them, respiratory infection, catheter sepsis, and drug-associated enteritis are frequently observed and respiratory infection is liable to fall into serious illness. These infections have characteristics in causative organisms. Pseudomonas aeruginosa or MRSA are frequently isolated in respiratory infections and Candida or coagulase-negative staphylococcus are frequently isolated in catheter sepsis. G-test in addition to blood culture is necessary for early diagnosis of Candida sepsis, vancomycin should be administered in early phase of antibiotic-associated enteritis, since this infection is usually caused by MRSA or Clostridium difficile and frequently falls into serious illness. The patients with protein-calorie malnutrition, liver cirrhosis, renal failure, diabetes melitis, administration of anticancer drugs and/or radiation therapy, serious injury, or severe operative stress are considered to be compromised hosts in surgical field, and the adequate perioperative managements according to these disorders should be carried out against postoperative infections.
 ...
PMID:[Perioperative managements for postoperative severe infections in compromised host]. 903 82

To evaluate the use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in patients with Gram-negative or viral sepsis, a survey of ECMO centres comprising the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization was conducted. Data collected from neonatal and paediatric intensive care units included patient demographics, indicators of infection, presence of cardiac instability and respiratory criteria for ECMO. One-hundred-and-seven patients with documented sepsis were divided into survivors and nonsurvivors. Prior to ECMO, the patients with a persistent metabolic acidosis (p < 0.008) and/or hypotension requiring more than two inotropic agents (p < 0.02) to support blood pressure were less likely to survive. Also, patients with Gram-positive infections (77%) were more likely to survive their ECMO course than those with Gram-negative (60%) or viral infections (40%). Although survival is less in septic infants than in infants with traditional respiratory failure placed on ECMO, sepsis should not be a contraindication to the use of ECMO. The parents should be informed of the chances of survival with each type of sepsis or respiratory infection (if known), so that a truly informed decision can be made by the parents. We feel that the additional information regarding Gram-negative and viral sepsis should assist the clinician in this goal.
 ...
PMID:The use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in patients with gram-negative or viral sepsis. 913 15


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>