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Query: UMLS:C0243026 (sepsis)
 52,417 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A case of neonatal Herpes simplex infection is being described, which was diagnosed clinically as well as serologically. It concerns a child, which was born after 35 weeks of gestation. Two days after the delivery the mother showed typically efflorescences of Herpes simplex infection in the abdominal region. On the fifth day after birth the child showed a vesico-bullous exanthema beginning on the head and spreading out on breast and back. On day 14th a serious sepsis-like pattern of the disease with respiratory insufficiency and encephalitic symptoms could be seen. Treatment with Vidarabinphosphat and Acyclovir-Natrium was without definite success. At the age of five months the child showed a pseudobulbar-paralysis with tetra-spasticity. The cranial computer-tomography demonstrated a distinct hydrocephalus e vacuo and the electroencephalography registered only sporadic brain activity.
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PMID:[Herpes simplex infection in the newborn infant]. 298 61

Aspirated tracheal secretions from a ten-day-old newborn having signs of sepsis showed small clusters of cells with cytopathic changes consistent with herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection. The presence of type 2 HSV was confirmed by an immunoperoxidase procedure on the aspirated bronchial mucus and at necropsy in most of the viscera. Since prompt antiviral chemotherapy may favorably affect the outcome of HSV infections, early cytologic studies of tracheobronchial secretions may prove useful for rapid diagnosis.
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PMID:Congenital herpes simplex virus infection diagnosed by cytology of aspirated tracheobronchial material. 299 72

After allogeneic bone marrow transplantation certain patterns of infectious complications emerge that follow the clinical course, are correlated to the immunobiology of transplantation and are almost predictable in their character and expression. The preparative regimen, designed to generate complete aplasia, will be associated with severe and sometimes life-threatening bacterial infections, predominantly with Gram-negative organisms derived from bowel flora, but also Gram-positive skin saprophytes. In this early aplastic phase, life-threatening viral infections are less common, consisting mainly of herpes simplex and possibly Epstein-Barr stomatitis and BK papovavirus cystitis. Systemic infections with invasive filamentous fungi are rare and are seen only when the induced aplasia is markedly prolonged. Once early marrow recovery has been achieved, systemic infections will generally disappear unless acute graft-vs.-host disease develops. This complication, which will lead to the breakdown of natural barriers such as skin and gastrointestinal epithelium and the marked impairment of all systemic defense mechanisms, can cause polymicrobial infections as well as set the stage for life-threatening viral infections. Such opportunistic viral infections, leading to either interstitial pneumonia or hemorrhagic gastroenteritis, are the major threat in the early recovery phase after engraftment has taken place. Usually caused by cytomegalovirus and rotavirus, respectively, these infections are the primary expression of the severe combined immunodeficiency post transplant, statistically associated with the presence of acute graft-vs.-host disease and amenable to immunologic manipulations. With the recovery of cellular and humoral immune function derived from transplanted donor lymphoid cells, the third phase of infectious complications is reached, covering 3 months to 2 years post grafting.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Infections and immunodeficiency in bone marrow transplantation. 304 57

Giant-cell myocarditis is a rare inflammatory disorder characterized by degeneration and necrosis of myocardial fibers and presence of chronic inflammatory infiltrates associated with multinucleated giant cells forming a granulomatous inflammatory reaction. The etiology of giant-cell myocarditis is unknown. Many conditions have been reported as associated with this phenomenon such as fungi, virus, sarcoidosis, and hypersensitivity or autoimmune reactions. We are reporting a case of giant-cell myocarditis discovered in a newborn with congenital herpetic sepsis. The myogenic origin of the giant-cells of this case is supported by the positivity for desmin and myoglobin and negativity for muramidase and alpha-1-antichymotrypsin after immunoperoxidase procedure. The presence of Herpes simplex virus type II was confirmed by indirect immunoperoxidase reaction in most of the viscera including the heart, but is not considered a factor in the production of giant cells.
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PMID:Giant-cell myocarditis in a newborn with congenital herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection: an immunohistochemical study on the origin of the giant cells. 329 30

This report describes the experience with disseminated histoplasmosis in seven of 15 patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) diagnosed in Indianapolis since 1981. Three were homosexual, two were intravenous drug addicts, one was the spouse of another patient with AIDS and disseminated histoplasmosis, and the seventh was a hemophiliac. Six had associated infections: candidiasis in three, Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, recurrent mucocutaneous herpes simplex infection, and disseminated Mycobacterium avium infection in two each, and disseminated infection with an unidentified mycobacterium in one. Clinical diseases suggested sepsis in four. Histoplasma fungemia occurred in five, but the diagnosis was established first by visualization of organisms in blood or bone marrow in three. Results of Histoplasma serologic tests were positive in each. Three died before receiving 50 mg of amphotericin B, three had prompt improvement with amphotericin B, and one was treated with ketoconazole to prevent dissemination. However, two of the three patients treated with amphotericin B had relapses after a 35 mg/kg course, and the third died within a month following therapy. Disseminated histoplasmosis is a major opportunistic infection in patients with AIDS from endemic areas. AIDS should be strongly considered in otherwise healthy persons with disseminated histoplasmosis, especially if risk factors for AIDS are present. Amphotericin B is not curative in these patients.
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PMID:Histoplasmosis in the acquired immune deficiency syndrome. 387 88

From 1974 through 1982, fulminant hepatitis was diagnosed in 34 patients at our institution. Of these patients, only two survived (survival rate, 6%). This syndrome was caused by viruses (B and non-B hepatitis and herpes simplex) in 23 patients, hepatotoxic drug in 6, Wilson's disease (hepatolenticular degeneration) in 3, and industrial poisons in 2. Most of the patients died within 10 days after the onset of encephalopathy. The poor prognosis in our group of patients was probably related to the preponderance of older patients and cases caused by non-B hepatitis virus. In our patients, the clinical course was complicated by renal failure, ascites, bleeding, sepsis, pancreatitis, and seizures. The major cause of death was hepatic failure.
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PMID:Fulminant hepatitis: Mayo Clinic experience with 34 cases. 392 80

Beta 2-microglobulin concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were measured in a prospective study on 56 children 0-12 years old. In all the patients with virus meningitis values of beta 2-microglobulin exceeded 3000 micrograms/l (x = 10.825 micrograms/l). The highest value (48.096 micrograms/l) of beta 2-microglobulin in CSF was found in a 13-day-old infant with serious herpes simplex meningitis. The value was 50 times the values in normal children. None of the patients with fever of other origin had values exceeding 3500 micrograms/l, except for one patient with facial nerve paresis and 3 patients with sepsis. Some correlation between the concentrations of beta 2-microglobulin and albumin was found in the diagnostic groups as a whole, while this correlation disappeared when considering each patient individually. The significance of beta 2-microglobulin as a guide in serious infections is discussed.
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PMID:beta 2-Microglobulin in cerebrospinal fluid from children with different diseases. 616 20

Systemic infection, induced by intraocular inoculation of type 1 herpes simplex virus (HSV 1) in young rabbits, is accompanied by the appearance of autofluorescent pigments precisely in the midportion of their fur follicles. Histochemical and solubility reactions of the pigment led to its characterization as a lipofuscinlike pigment. Follicle fluorescence correlated with the severity of clinical symptoms; it was present in 100% of the follicles of rabbits that died but was found in only 30% to 50% of follicles of surviving animals. Similar fluorescence was also present in 10% to 20% of the follicles of uninfected rabbits. This autofluorescent material may be formed by the peroxidation of lipids from sebaceous gland secretions, but neither HSV 1 nor antigens could be found in the skin as possible initiators of this reaction.
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PMID:Lipofuscin in rabbit skin: Its occurrence after ocular herpes simplex infection. 629 3

The traditional list of etiological factors related to oral squamous cell carcinoma namely, tobacco, alcohol, syphilis, and oral sepsis has been expanded to include iron deficiency, chronic candidosis, and herpes simplex virus. The development of current concepts in these areas is discussed. In evaluating the need for future research, special emphasis is given to the concepts of multifactorial etiology and the role of mutagens. Suggestions for future research are discussed.
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PMID:Etiology of oral squamous cell carcinoma. 640 82

Beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2m) determination in CSF of 72 neonates who underwent a spinal tap as part of a sepsis or meningo-encephalitis workup was performed to evaluate the usefulness of this test in the diagnosis of CNS infections. Beta 2m was measured by enzyme immunoassay. Sixty neonates had sterile culture and normal neurological status at discharge. Twelve infants had CNS infections: 8 bacterial meningitis, 3 TORCH infections (T = toxoplasmosis, O = others, R = rubella, C = cytomegalovirus and H = herpes simplex) and 1 viral meningitis. Neonates with CNS infection exhibited significantly higher CSF beta 2m levels compared to neonates with sterile culture (6.24 +/- 2.66 vs 1.74 +/- 0.5 mg/l; P < 0.0001). CSF beta 2m levels did not correlate with the white cell count, total protein concentration or glucose level in CSF. When serum and CSF levels were measured simultaneously, the CSF beta 2m level was significantly higher than the corresponding serum level in patients with CNS infection (6.98 +/- 2.5 vs 3.2 +/- 0.25 mg/l; P < 0.01). Sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values were estimated for different cut-off points. The best operational diagnostic cut-off value was 2.25 mg/l. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed an appropriate trade-off between specificity and sensitivity and indicated that CSF beta 2m was accurate in distinguishing between neonates with and without CNS infection. Conclusion. CSF beta 2m may be a useful ancillary tool in neonates when CNS infection is suspected.
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PMID:Cerebrospinal fluid beta 2-microglobulin in neonates with central nervous system infections. 760 83


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