Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0243026 (sepsis)
 52,417 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Most paediatric medicines are prescribed in a liquid form that includes sugar in the formulation. Accumulating evidence, on a clinical and experimental basis, shows a significant association between the intake of sucrose-based medication and an increased incidence of dental caries. Many of the children on long-term medication for chronic medical problems are particularly at risk from the consequences of developing dental caries; dental disease, sepsis or treatment procedures can put the general health or even life of the child at risk. The need to use sucrose in medications should be reassessed; medicines containing sugar should be labelled accordingly; and medical and dental professionals should be aware of potential problems related to sucrose-based medications.
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PMID:The role of medications in dental caries formation: need for sugar-free medication for children. 269

A case is reported in which an intra-oral focus of sepsis is thought to have resulted in the patient developing multiple brain abscesses without the presence of lung infection or cardiac valvular disease. The link between the two sites of infection is supported by the isolation of two Streptococcus viridans species normally associated with dental caries and periodontal disease. The management of multiple brain abscesses is discussed.
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PMID:Multiple brain abscesses secondary to dental caries and severe periodontal disease. 316 21

It has been stated that the key to prevention of oral cancer is to avoid the "five Ss: smoking, spirits, spices, sepsis, and syphilis." There is certainly enough evidence to add another "S"--sunlight. Although there is a paucity of information in the dental literature on the use of sunscreens, the following dermatologic recommendation is noteworthy: "Persons with Skin Types I and II should never sunbathe and should adopt a program of daily application of effective sunscreens (SPF 15) as a habit and from an early age--in much the same manner as daily brushing of the teeth is adopted to prevent dental caries." The dentist should advise patients at high risk for squamous cell carcinoma and those with recurrent herpes labialis to use a sunscreen for the lips of at least SPF 15. The best sunscreen formulation at the present time is a combination of either PABA or an ester of PABA along with a benzophenone. A frequent combination seen on product labels is Padimate O and oxybenzone. Sunscreens should be used year-round on the lips with two applications 1 hour before sun exposure, and hourly reapplication while in the sun. If the convenience of a "lipstick" product is not important to the patient, then a skin product of the liquid or gel type should be used. If the appearance is not important, a white opaque cream containing titanium dioxide, talc, or zinc oxide may be used as a physical barrier. Women may use an opaque lipstick, but should first apply a chemical sunscreen of at least SPF 15.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Sunscreen protection for lip mucosa: a review and update. 387 87

Fever secondary to odontogenic infection following successful renal transplantation is reported in three patients. All three patients initially lacked signs or symptoms localizing to the oral cavity, and two of the three patients did not have x-ray evidence of abscess formation. Two patients received antibiotic therapy without any apparent clinical response, and all three patients responded promptly to surgical extractions. Our patients illustrate that fever can be the only sign of dental sepsis in renal transplant recipients, and tooth extraction as empiric therapy may be necessary. Most important, however, is that the dental pathology responsible for their fever could have been detected and treated prior to transplantation. We recommend pretransplant dental evaluation of all patients with extraction of partially impacted molars and treatment of all periodontal disease and dental caries.
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PMID:Occult dental infection causing fever in renal transplant patients. 675 31

The dental treatment needs of 8- and 9-year-old children registered with a GDP for at least 6 months were compared with the dental treatment needs of children from a similar social background who were neither registered nor regularly attending the Community Dental Service. The children were examined by one of the authors without prior knowledge of registration status for evidence of treatment need. Unequivocal treatment need was defined as untreated dental caries in permanent teeth, sepsis associated with deciduous teeth, instanding maxillary incisors, and untreated permanent teeth fractured into dentine; untreated caries in the deciduous teeth was also recorded. Registration status of the children was subsequently obtained from the Dental Practice Board. Sixty-three per cent of the children had been registered with a GDP for at least 6 months at the time of the survey, 6% had been registered for less than 6 months and 31% had never been registered under the new dental contract. Of the children who had been registered for more than 6 months, 18.5% had unequivocal treatment need as against 17.5% in the unregistered group; 40.4% of the registered children had decay in their deciduous teeth, as against 36.5% of the unregistered children. Comparison of the dental treatment needs of registered and unregistered children showed no significant difference between the two groups.
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PMID:The relationship between registration and dental health benefit in 8- and 9-year-old children in Cheshire. 773 20

Until the last several years liver transplantation was considered an experimental treatment procedure. Nowadays virtually any disease process, that is in terminal stage, is treatable with transplantation. The introduction of cyclosporine in 1980 and the recent use of OKT3 monoclonal antibody now allows a 5-year survival rate of 60-70%. The causes of early death of patients who survive after surgery are infective complications, multiorgan failure and acute rejection of the allograft. In the literature and in our experience, bacterial sepsis is the most common cause of deaths occurring during the first postoperative months while most deaths after one year are generally related to chronic rejection of the allograft. The risk of infection is also increased by the over-immunosuppression of these patients always treated with a high dose of immunosuppressive agents when evidence of acute graft rejection is found. Regarding these problems, patients being prepared for liver transplantation should be evaluated for their dental health. The medical indications of 80 transplant recipients and the current status of liver transplantation are reviewed in this article. We describe the dental status of these patients that should receive indicated dental care before surgery. Most patients (90%) were affected by chronic active hepatitis while the number of primitive cirrhosis was significantly lower. Very poor dental hygiene was found in 85% of patients while 45% were affected by advanced periodontal disease and 12% by a chronic gingivitis. Dental caries were observed in 67% while in 20% of cases endodontic periapical lesions were found and only 2% of these resulted as radicular cysts. Indicated dental care consisted in 87% of cases in dental hygiene instructions, in 85% in scaling and root planing, in 63% in conservative restorations and in 40% in endodontic treatments. Dental treatment guidelines before transplantation are described with particular attention to prevent risk of infection using antibiotic prophylaxis for invasive dental procedures. Dentists, after surgery must be also prepared to deal with excessive bleeding related to a severe liver disfunction; for this purpose an appropriate protocol is also described. The monitoring of oral and general health conditions and the achievement of specific protocols of prophylaxis are helpful in the prevention of complications and are fundamental to obtain the best results with liver transplantation improving the quality of life of these patients.
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PMID:[The dental assessment of the patient waiting for a liver transplant]. 902 87

Blocking the primary stages of infection, namely bacterial attachment to host cell receptors and colonization of the mucosal surface, may be the most effective strategy to prevent bacterial infections. Bacterial attachment usually involves an interaction between a bacterial surface protein called an adhesin and the host cell receptor. Recent preclinical vaccine studies with the FimH adhesin (derived from uropathogenic Escherichia coli) have confirmed that antibodies elicited against an adhesin can impede colonization, block infection, and prevent disease. The studies indicate that prophylactic vaccination with adhesins can block bacterial infections. With recent advances in the identification, characterization, and isolation of other adhesins, similar approaches are being explored to prevent infections, from otitis media and dental caries to pneumonia and sepsis.
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PMID:Adhesins as targets for vaccine development. 1034 Nov 76

A 64-year-old man suffering from diabetic hyperosmolar non-ketotic coma was admitted for acute lung abscess in the left apical lung field. Sputum culture and blood culture showed a heavy growth of Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae). He was suffering from sepsis, septic pulmonary embolisms with cavities, bilateral pulmonary consolidations, and multiple liver abscesses. Gradually, the bilateral lung consolidations resolved and areas of consolidation were noted to undergo extensive cavitation bilaterally. Cavitation and abscess formation are frequent complications of K. pneumoniae. Generally, large bilateral lung abscesses caused by K. pneumoniae have a poor prognosis. Cavity nodules are often present in septic pulmonary embolisms. We report a very rare case in a patient with three types of cavities with differing mechanisms. The first was an acute lung abscess, the second, septic pulmonary embolisms with cavities, and the third, large bilateral lung cavities noted in the course of resolving consolidations.
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PMID:[A case of pneumonia, septic pulmonary embolisms with cavities, bilateral large lung abscesses, and multiple liver abscesses caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae]. 1153 Mar 88

Mitis group streptococci are pioneer colonizers of tooth surfaces and are implicated in various pathologies. Thus, accurate identification of oral mitis group strains would be valuable for studies of plaque ecology and dental caries and for diagnostic use in endocarditis or sepsis patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of PCR-RFLP analysis of the 16S-23S intergenic spacer for differentiating and identifying streptococcus mitis group species. The 16S-23S rDNA spacer regions of 27 type and reference Streptococcus strains, representing 8 species, were studied by PCR-mediated amplification by using oligonucleotide primers FGPS 1490-72 and FGPL 132'-38. PCR products were digested, independently, with 14 restriction enzymes. Only AluI, MboI, CfoI, HinfI and MaeII distinguished some species, particularly AluI and CfoI, but not all the species. Eight clusters were clearly generated, corresponding to currently recognized species, but only with the addition of five ITS restriction patterns, generated by AluI + MboI + CfoI + HinfI + MaeII, then clustered by UPGMA, on a distance consensus matrix. The combination of these five ITS RFLP tests allowed a relatively conclusive genomic group differentiation of mitis group species. Despite this observation, more strains of each species will need to be analyzed, particularly clinical isolates, before arriving at general conclusions about the utility of ITS restrictions for identification of strains at the species level. An ITS PCR-RFLP-based identifying method for streptococcus mitis group species would provide significant advantages over other molecular taxonomic methods which require DNA extraction and DNA-DNA hybridization.
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PMID:Identification of streptococcus mitis group species by RFLP of the PCR-amplified 16S-23S rDNA intergenic spacer. 1255 88

A prerequisite dental evaluation is usually recommended for potential organ transplant candidates. This is based on the premise that untreated dental disease may pose a risk for infection and sepsis, although there is no evidence that this has occurred in organ transplant candidates or recipients. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of dental disease and oral health behaviors in a sample of liver transplant candidates (LTCs). Oral examinations were conducted on 300 LTCs for the presence of gingivitis, dental plaque, dental caries, periodontal disease, edentulism, and xerostomia. The prevalence of these conditions was compared with oral health data from national health surveys and examined for possible associations with most recent dental visit, smoking, and type of liver disease. Significant risk factors for plaque-related gingivitis included intervals of more than 1 yr since the last dental visit (P = 0.004), smoking (P = 0.03), and diuretic therapy (P = 0.005). Dental caries and periodontal disease were also significantly associated with intervals of more than 1 yr since the last dental visit (P = 0.004). LTCs with viral hepatitis or alcoholic cirrhosis had the highest smoking rate (78.8%). Higher rates of edentulism occurred among older LTCs who were less likely to have had a recent dental evaluation (mean 88 months). In conclusion, intervals of more than 1 yr since the last dental visit, smoking, and diuretic therapy appear to be the most significant determinants of dental disease and the need for a pretransplantation dental screening evaluation in LTCs. Edentulous patients should have periodic examinations for oral cancer.
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PMID:Dental health status of liver transplant candidates. 1725 60


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