Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0242706 (hyperoxia)
 5,219 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Recently an alveolar macrophage (AM)-depleted rat model has been characterized and it has been demonstrated that AM are required for the endotoxin-induced tumor necrosis factor (TNF) release into the alveolar space (J Appl Physiol 1993;74:2812-2819). The current study investigated the response of AM-depleted rats to hyperoxia and evaluated the potential role of AM in the pathogenesis of pulmonary O2 toxicity. Rats were insufflated with Hanks' balanced salt solution (HBSS), liposome-encapsulated phosphate-buffered saline (PBS-liposomes), or liposome-encapsulated dichloromethylene diphosphonate (Cl2MDP-liposomes) and 2 days later exposed to 100% O2. The effect of hyperoxia was assessed by parameters of O2-induced lung injury (e.g., hematocrit value, pleural effusion volume, effusion protein to plasma protein ratio, and alveolar lavage fluid protein content), TNF release into the alveolar space, and survival. Insufflation of Cl2MDP-liposomes, but not HBSS or PBS-liposomes, caused a sustained depletion of > 70% AM, which was associated with a slight but significant increase in the number of lavageable neutrophils. Twenty percent of AM-depleted rats survived longer than 74 h of O2 exposure, while all rats insufflated with HBSS or PBS-liposomes died within 74 h (p < .05). No significant differences were detected in alveolar TNF release or in the extent of O2-induced lung injury.
 ...
PMID:Response of alveolar macrophage-depleted rats to hyperoxia. 772 76

Asynchrony in gamete production between females and males, and decrease in semen quality towards the end of reproductive season make chilled short-term storage of Atlantic halibut, Hippoglossus hippoglossus, semen a desirable method to apply for artificial propagation of this fish species. The goal of the present study was to determine the critical physiochemical factors that affect the success of chilled storage of halibut spermatozoa, and to develop a reliable, simple and efficient protocol for the storage. The presence and type of gaseous atmosphere, dilution and type of diluent, dilution ratio, and additional factors including spermatozoa sedimentation and replenishing the storage medium were tested in relation to spermatozoa motility parameters. Also, fertilization tests were performed with stored semen. Normoxia (air atmosphere) conditions were superior to both hyperoxia (pure oxygen) and no gaseous atmosphere for chilled storage. Dilution of semen with a diluent was superior to incubating undiluted semen. A dilution factor of between 6 and 10 times the original semen volume resulted in the longest viability of stored spermatozoa. Preventing spermatozoa sedimentation through daily swirling of the samples was superior to weekly swirling, however the effect was negligible for the first month of storage. Replenishing the storage medium showed no advantage to incubating in unchanged medium. Semen diluted in modified Hanks' balanced salt solution 1:5-1:9, supplemented with antibiotics, and kept at 0-1 degrees C in Ziploc bag filled with air retained its viability for exceptionally long time. A decrease in the percentage of motile spermatozoa was observed after 43 days of storage, and a decrease in curvilinear velocity occurred after 15 days. Samples remained motile for at least 79 days of storage and the fertilization ability was retained for at least 70 days of storage. The results demonstrate a high potential of application of chilled storage of semen into reproduction programs in Atlantic halibut aquaculture.
 ...
PMID:Chilled storage of semen from Atlantic halibut, Hippoglossus hippoglossus L. I: optimizing the protocol. 1684 37