Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0242706 (hyperoxia)
 5,219 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Oxidants play a key role in disease processes, particularly in the detrimental mechanisms leading to tissue damage in certain forms of acute lung injury. A number of mediators contribute to the pathologic response in ARDS, SIRS or hyperoxia-induced pulmonary damage. One of the most important detrimental factors is the generation and activation of highly reactive oxygen species which are leading factors implicated in the process of tissue damage. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is a free radical scavenger and might access the endothelial cell thus increasing intracellular glutathione (GSH) stores. Different studies have demonstrated that NAC might be a promising compound either for the prevention or the treatment of acute lung damages such as ARDS. However, the true beneficial effect so far reported in several clinical and experimental studies contrasts with some contradictory and intriguing aspects, probably because the significance of a direct in vivo antioxidative effect of this compound remains to be established in humans. Thus, the mode of action of NAC may not be the same in different pathologies and clinical situations. More research into the mechanisms of action of this unique xenobiotic substance may offer a clue for elucidating these controversies.
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PMID:[Therapeutic use of N-acetylcysteine in acute lung diseases]. 1009 Dec 58

Liberal oxygen therapy has been a cornerstone in the treatment of critically ill patients. Recently, awareness of hyperoxia toxicity has emerged. We investigated the partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood (PaO2) in sepsis patients admitted to the emergency department treated with a reduced inspired oxygen fraction of 0.4 instead of 0.6-0.8. A prospective pilot study was carried out over a 3-month period. Patients admitted with two or more SIRS criteria and a suspicion of infection were included. They received 10 l O2/min through a VentiMask 40%. Of 83 patients, 77 had a PaO2 greater than 9.5 kPa with 10 l O2/min, of whom 51 had hyperoxia. Six patients showed hypoxia with 10 l O2/min. Of the hyperoxic patients, 8% died in hospital versus 6% with normoxia. Less than 8% of patients had hypoxia with 10 l O2/min; 66% were hyperoxic. Titration of oxygen therapy to normoxia in the emergency department should be evaluated.
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PMID:Oxygen therapy for sepsis patients in the emergency department: a little less? 2361 17