Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0242429 (sore throat)
 2,760 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of air pollution on acute respiratory illness (ARI). Levels of air pollutants were monitored on a daily 24-hour basis at two schools in Akron, Ohio. The children at each school completed daily diaries which served as a screening mechanism for detecting ARI. Once an ARI was isolated, pulmonary function tests (PFT) were run during the symptomatic phase; once the child became asymptomatic, tests were continued for 2 wk. The results of this study indicate that SO2 and NO2 levels are higher at the school that borders industry. Results of daily diaries indicate a higher incidence of symptoms-especially cough, runny nose, and sore throat-in the polluted area. Pulmonary function tests indicate that respiratory airways are being compromised to a much greater extent at the polluted school, as indicated by significantly reduced levels of forced expiratory volume and maximal midexpiratory flow as compared to baseline. Recent evidence suggests that frequency and severity of ARI in childhood are related to chronic obstructive lung disease as adults. In lieu of these findings, it is suggested that the levels of SO2 and NO2 in urban areas be carefully considered, as they relate to acute subclinical syndromes and chronic clinical respiratory disease.
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PMID:The University of Akron study on air pollution and human health effects II. Effects on acute respiratory illness. 729 89

The purpose of this study was to determine the possible causes, clinical findings, and associated complications of pneumomediastinum in children. Medical records from January 1985 to December 1994 were retrospectively reviewed at Children's Hospital Medical Center of Akron using International Classification of Diseases, ninth revision, codes to identify cases of pneumomediastinum. The medical causes, nontraumatic and noniatrogenic, of pneumomediastinum were studied; intubated or trauma patients and patients having undergone procedures were excluded. Neonates were also excluded. Twenty-nine cases of pneumomediastinum were identified. Two patients (7%) had recurrent pneumomediastinum. Only the first episode of pneumomediastinum was included in the data analysis. Twenty males (69%) and nine females (31%) were affected. The most common medical causes of pneumomediastinum were asthma exacerbations (17/59%) and infections (8/28%). Over the 10-year period, the prevalence of pneumomediastinum in children with asthma exacerbations was 0.2% (21/10,472); 1% (1/126) in children with airway foreign bodies and 0.2% (1/351) in children with esophageal foreign bodies. The most common signs and symptoms were subcutaneous emphysema (22/76%), sore throat or neck pain (11/38%), and Hamman's crunch (3/10%). The most common complication was pneumothorax with small pneumothoraces in 2 patients (7%) and a tension pneumothorax in 1 asthmatic with recurrent pneumomediastinum. Patients without sore throat or neck pain and patients admitted to the intensive care unit had greater hospital lengths of stay. Pneumomediastinum appears to be uncommon in children. The most common medical causes were asthma and infections. The most common signs and symptoms were subcutaneous emphysema, sore throat or neck pain, and Hamman's crunch. The most common complication was pneumothorax. The clinical significance of pneumomediastinum is its cause and association with significant complications.
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PMID:Medical causes of pneumomediastinum in children. 1126 55