Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0242429 (sore throat)
 2,760 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The past decade has witnessed increasing interest in the supraesophageal (ear, nose, and throat (ENT)) symptoms potentially caused by gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Hoarseness, halitosis, problems with vocal presentations, excessive phlegm, frequent throat clearing, globus sensation, sore throat, cough, aspiration, laryngospasm, and laryngeal carcinoma are some, but not all of the ENT symptoms that have been attributed to GERD (1). The availability of highly effective medical and surgical therapies allows for control of these symptoms in many patients adding to the importance of accurately diagnosing GERD.
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PMID:Should upper gastrointestinal endoscopy be part of the evaluation for supraesophageal symptoms of GERD? 1530 53

Basic knowledge concerning the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is useful for ENT physicians. Although HIV patients are usually stably asymptomatic nowadays due to modern therapy, HIV often manifests in ENT symptoms, such as neck lumps, sore throat, difficulty swallowing and dysgeusia. After infection, an initial increase in viral load can cause, among other symptoms, oral ulcers and pharyngitis. Once the immune system is compromised by the attack on CD4 lymphocyte cells, HIV-related diseases can occur: oral mycoses (particularly candidosis) and viral infections (including warts), aphthous ulcers, gingivitis, salivary gland diseases and malignancies (e. g. intraoral Kaposi's sarcoma). Neck lymphadenopathy is frequent. Markers of disease severity are the clinical symptoms, viral load and CD4 helper cell count. HIV treatment (antiretroviral therapy, ART) is a combination of at least three antiviral drugs.
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PMID:[A practically orientated clinical HIV update for ENT physicians]. 2535 97