Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0242429 (sore throat)
 2,760 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Laryngeal mask which is widely used in clinical anesthesiology permits establishment of airway without tracheal intubation. Flexible bronchoscopy or bronchoscopic treatment using the laryngeal mask was evaluated to determine its safety, less invasiveness, and usefulness. Fifty-two patients underwent flexible bronchoscopy or bronchoscopic treatment using laryngeal mask 54 times. Bronchoscopy was performed under either local or general anesthesia. The laryngeal mask was positioned in the larynx, as a rule without a laryngoscope. A flexible bronchoscope was introduced into the airway, passed through the rubber slit at the tip of the laryngeal mask tube, and the examination was performed. Complications observed during the course of the examinations consisted of only two cases of poorly fitting laryngeal mask and one case of catching of a part of the epiglottis in the rubber slit at the tip of the laryngeal mask tube. Both cases were not particularly problematic. There were three patients with sore throat and one with an unpleasant feeling in the pharynx following the examination, however, all of these complaints resolved within three days after the examination. Laryngeal masks are less invasive and have very little effect on either the respiratory system or the circulatory system. They may be used safely even in aged patients and appears to be highly effective for diagnostic and therapeutic bronchoscopy.
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PMID:[Use of laryngeal mask in bronchoscopy or bronchoscopic treatment]. 983 75

The cuffed oropharyngeal airway is a modified Guedel airway with a distal inflatable cuff and a proximal connector for attachment to an anaesthesia circuit. The purpose of this study was to evaluate this device for spontaneous ventilation anaesthesia in 100 adult patients. Anaesthesia was induced with fentanyl and propofol and maintained with nitrous oxide and isoflurane in oxygen. The device was inserted when anaesthetic depth was judged to be adequate. Adverse airway events and interventions (i.e., manoeuvres performed in order to provide a clear airway) were analysed from video recordings and detailed notes. The position of the device was assessed fibreoptically during spontaneous ventilation. The device provided a clear airway in 98% of patients during manually assisted ventilation, in 100% during spontaneous ventilation and in 100% during emergence. However, 91% of patients required at least one airway intervention at some time. Jaw life was required for 33% of the time during manually assisted ventilation and 21% of the time during spontaneous ventilation. Most interventions occurred during the first 3 min of either manually assisted or spontaneous ventilation. The incidence of adverse airway events during manually assisted ventilation was 8%, during spontaneous ventilation was 5% and during emergence was 5%. Oxygen saturation briefly fell to between 87 and 89% on six occasions. On fibreoptic assessment, the vocal cords were visible in 29% of patients on fibreoptic assessment and the epiglottis was visible in 90%. Mild sore throat occurred in 4% of patient. We conclude that the cuffed oropharyngeal airway is suitable for spontaneous ventilation anaesthesia and has a low complication rate but that most patients require one or more interventions to provide a clear airway.
Anaesthesia 1998 Nov
PMID:The cuffed oropharyngeal airway for spontaneous ventilation anaesthesia. Clinical appraisal in 100 patients. 1002 76

A 42-year-old man presented as an emergency to the ENT department with sore throat and complete dysphagia, having undergone an umbilical hernia repair under general anaesthesia with tracheal intubation 3 weeks previously at another institution. One course of antibiotics from his general practitioner improved the symptoms but, on discontinuation of the antibiotics, symptoms flared up leading to complete dysphagia. Indirect laryngoscopy showed a bulging of the retropharyngeal wall, which was confirmed as a widening of the retropharyngeal space on a lateral soft-tissue X-ray film of the neck. Surgical exploration confirmed a retropharyngeal abscess, which probably occurred as a complication of the original tracheal intubation.
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PMID:Retropharyngeal abscess: an unusual complication of tracheal intubation. 1010 31

A cuffed oropharyngeal airway (COPA) was used in 20 adult patients for airway management under epidural and brachial plexus block supplemented with light general anesthesia. Insertion of a COPA was successful at first attempt in 17 of 20 patients (85%). Sore throat developed in one patient (5%). Aspiration regurgitation, or laryngospasm was not observed. We conclude that a COPA can be an efficient airway device is spontaneously breathing patients under anesthesia.
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PMID:[Efficacy of the cuffed oropharyngeal airway in spontaneously breathing patients]. 1040 20

Postoperative sore throat occurs in up to 90% of intubated patients and is the most common complaint of patients after endotracheal intubation. A recent study suggested that the use of lidocaine to inflate the endotracheal tube cuff would decrease the incidence of postoperative sore throat. The purpose of this prospective randomized study was to compare the incidence and severity of sore throat after using lidocaine, saline, or air to inflate the endotracheal tube cuff. Variables typically associated with postoperative sore throat, including endotracheal cuff design, endotracheal tube size, intubation technique, laryngoscopy blade, airway placement, suctioning technique, and anesthetic technique, were controlled. The participants were all ASA physical status I, II, or III, female, adult patients undergoing general endotracheal anesthesia for gynecological procedures. The researcher administered the verbal analogue scale, Melzack's Present Pain Intensity Scale of the McGill Pain Questionnaire, to the 75 participants at two intervals, 1 to 3 hours postoperatively and 22 to 25 hours postoperatively, to assess postoperative sore throat. Analysis using the Kruskal-Wallis test suggested that there was no statistical difference in postoperative sore throat among the 3 groups. Lidocaine, saline, and air had similar effects on postoperative sore throat.
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PMID:Postoperative sore throat: incidence and severity after the use of lidocaine, saline, or air to inflate the endotracheal tube cuff. 1048 76

Many clinical reports have described postoperative hoarseness and sore throat after general anesthesia. In most cases, these symptoms were attributed to high pressure of the endotracheal tube cuff. The recommended cuff pressure is less than 25 mmHg, as excessive pressure produces ischemia of the tracheal mucosa. However, within the safe pressure range, postoperative hoarseness and sore throat are still often observed. In this study, one hundred and ninety patients of ASA classes I or II were allocated randomly to two groups, low cuff pressure group (< 15 mmHg) or high cuff pressure group (15-25 mmHg), using continuous monitoring with a cuff pressure gauge. We investigated the incidence of postoperative hoarseness and sore throat at 24 hours after intubation and on the seventh postoperative day. The incidence of postoperative hoarseness and sore throat was significantly decreased in the low pressure group at 24 hours after intubation as compared with the high pressure group, but there was no significant difference between the two groups on the seventh postoperative day. These results suggest that keeping the cuff pressure under 15 mmHg can prevent postoperative hoarseness or sore throat at 24 hours after intubation, and that a cuff pressure gauge is thought to be one of the indispensable monitors during anesthesia.
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PMID:[Postoperative hoarseness and sore throat after tracheal intubation: effect of a low intracuff pressure of endotracheal tube and the usefulness of cuff pressure indicator]. 1055

Laparoscopy under total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) with spontaneous respiration is a commonly encountered procedure in ambulatory gynecologic surgery. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of TIVA using propofol and ketamine, compared with endotracheal inhalational general anesthesia (EIGA) for ambulatory gynecologic laparoscopy. Fifty-eight female patients, aged 17-48 years, were randomly allocated into two groups. Group 1 (TIVA) (n = 28) received propofol at the induction of anesthesia followed by propofol infusion for maintenance. Intravenous ketamine 0.5 mg/kg was administered before operation for anesthetic effect. Natural airway and spontaneous breathing were then maintained in patients. Group 2 (n = 30) received EIGA with isoflurane under controlled ventilation. We found that the two groups demonstrated similar trend characters of pH and PaCO2 during operation and in recovery room. The incidence of postoperative vomiting was higher in group 2 than in group 1 (30% vs. 7%; p < 0.05). The incidence of intraoperative arrhythmia was higher in group 2 than in group 1 (40% vs. 3%; p < 0.001). Furthermore, the incidence of sore throat was higher in group 2 than in group 1 (47% vs. 7%; p < 0.001). We conclude that TIVA with spontaneous respiration is suitable for ambulatory gynecologic laparoscopy.
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PMID:Total intravenous anesthesia using propofol and ketamine for ambulatory gynecologic laparoscopy. 1056 78

In a prospective, randomised trial, 75 patients scheduled for routine surgery were randomly allocated to one of three groups to evaluate trauma and postoperative complications after insertion of the Combitube, tracheal tube or laryngeal mask airway. Insertion of the Combitube was associated with a higher incidence of sore throat (48% vs. 16% vs. 12% [p < 0.01]) and dysphagia (68% vs. 12% vs. 8% [p < 0.01]) compared with tracheal intubation or insertion of the laryngeal mask airway, respectively. Hoarseness was significantly less common in both the Combitube and the laryngeal mask groups (both 12%) than in the tracheal tube group (44%; p < 0.01). Haematoma occurred in 36% of the Combitube group compared with 4% in both the laryngeal mask and the tracheal tube groups (p < 0.01). The higher incidence of complications should be considered when using the Combitube.
Anaesthesia 1999 12
PMID:Complications following the use of the Combitube, tracheal tube and laryngeal mask airway. 2915 12

In this study we tested the hypothesis that the initial cuff volume of the laryngeal mask airway influences emergence characteristics and postoperative laryngopharyngeal morbidity. One hundred and sixty adult patients undergoing minor surgery were randomly assigned for airway management with the laryngeal mask airway with either a fully inflated cuff (LMA-High) or a semi-inflated cuff (LMA-Low). Anaesthesia was with propofol, nitrous oxide, oxygen and isoflurane. Following insertion, the cuff was inflated with either 15 or 30 ml for the size 4 (females) and 20 or 40 ml for the size 5 (males). At the end of surgery, a blinded observer documented the presence or absence of adverse airway events (hypoxia, hypercapnea, coughing, retching, regurgitation/vomiting, airway obstruction, hypoventilation, hiccupping, biting, body movement or shivering) during every 1 min epoch and cardiorespiratory variables (heart rate, mean blood pressure, arterial oxygen saturation, end-tidal carbon dioxide and respiratory rate) every 5 min until the patient was awake and the laryngeal mask airway removed. Patients were interviewed about pharyngolaryngeal morbidity (sore throat, dysphonia and dysphagia) immediately before leaving the postanaesthesia care unit and 18-24 h following surgery. Analysis by epoch showed more partial airway obstruction in the LMA-High group, but analysis by patient numbers revealed no difference. Heart rate was slightly higher in the LMA-High group upon arrival in the postanaesthesia care unit, but otherwise there were no differences in cardiorespiratory responses. Sore throat and dysphagia were more common in the LMA-High group. We conclude that, in general, emergence characteristics with the laryngeal mask airway are not influenced by the volume of air used to inflate the cuff, but that postoperative sore throat and dysphagia are more likely at high initial cuff volumes.
Anaesthesia 2000 Apr
PMID:Emergence characteristics and postoperative laryngopharyngeal morbidity with the laryngeal mask airway: a comparison of high versus low initial cuff volume. 1078 Nov 19

We have tested the hypothesis that intubation success rates, haemodynamic changes, airway complications and postoperative pharyngolaryngeal morbidity differ between blind and lightwand-guided intubation through the intubating laryngeal mask airway. One hundred and twenty paralysed anasthetised adult patients (ASA I-II, no known or predicted difficult airways) were assigned in a random manner to one of two equal-sized groups. In the blind group, patients were intubated blindly through the intubating laryngeal mask airway. In the lightwand group, patients were intubated through the intubating laryngeal mask airway assisted by transillumination of the neck with a lightwand. A standard sequence of adjusting manoeuvres was followed if resistance occurred during intubation or if transillumination was incorrect. The number of adjusting manoeuvres, time to intubation, intubation success rates, haemodynamic changes (pre-induction, pre-intubation, postintubation), oesophageal intubation, mucosal trauma (blood detected), hypoxia (oxygen saturation < 95%) and postoperative pharyngolaryngeal morbidity (double-blinded) were documented. Overall intubation success was similar (blind, 93%; lightwand, 100%), but time to successful intubation was significantly shorter (67 vs. 46 s, p = 0. 027) and the number of adjusting manoeuvres was significantly fewer (p = 0.024) in the lightwand group. There were no significant differences in blood pressure or heart rate between the groups at any time. Oesophageal intubation occurred more frequently in the blind group (18 vs. 0%, p = 0.002). The incidence and severity of mucosal injury, sore throat and hoarseness were similar between the groups. We conclude that lightwand-guided intubation through the intubating laryngeal mask is superior to the blind technique.
Anaesthesia 2000 May
PMID:A comparison of blind and lightwand-guided tracheal intubation through the intubating laryngeal mask. 1125 50


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