Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0242429 (sore throat)
 2,760 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Iseganan HCl is an antimicrobial peptide under development for the prevention of oral mucositis, a severe consequence of some chemotherapy and radiation therapy regimens. Several attributes of iseganan make it an optimal candidate for study in this clinical situation where both local and systemic host defenses may be impaired. These include broad spectrum and rapid bactericidal activity, a lack of observed resistance and cross-resistance and stability in biological fluids. Clinical trials of patients receiving stomatotoxic chemotherapy followed by a haematopoietic stem cell transplant show iseganan reduces the occurrence of oral mucositis and ameliorates sequelae such as mouth pain, throat pain and difficulty swallowing. Iseganan is well-tolerated, which is partly attributable to a lack of systemic absorption following topical oral administration. Other promising areas of investigation include topical oral application for the prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia and nebulisation for treatment of chronic lung infection in patients with cystic fibrosis. Future studies will expand on the role of iseganan as a novel antimicrobial.
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PMID:Iseganan HCl: a novel antimicrobial agent. 1215 Jul 9

Microfloral invasion and colonization of oral cavity mucosal tissues contribute to the pathophysiology of ulcerative oral mucositis (UOM). Iseganan is an analog of Protegrin-1, a naturally occurring peptide with broad-spectrum microbicidal activity. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was conducted to evaluate iseganan in preventing UOM after stomatotoxic therapy. Patients received an oral rinse of iseganan 9 mg or placebo, swished/swallowed 6 times daily, starting with stomatotoxic therapy and continuing for 21-28 days. One hundred sixty three and 160 patients, respectively, were randomized to receive iseganan or placebo. One hundred and two patients (32%) were affected by a drug dispensing error, caused by a flawed computerized allocation system. Among all 323 patients, analyzed according to randomization assignment, 43% and 33% of iseganan and placebo patients, respectively, did not develop UOM (P = 0.067). On an 11-point scale, iseganan patients experienced less mouth pain (3.0 and 3.8 (P = 0.041), throat pain (3.8 and 4.6 (P = 0.048)), and difficulty swallowing (3.9 and 4.7 (P = 0.074)), compared to placebo patients. On the 5-point NCI CTC scale, iseganan patients experienced lower stomatitis scores (1.6 and 2.0 (P = 0.0131). Iseganan was well tolerated; no systemic absorption was detected. Iseganan is safe and may be effective in reducing UOM and its clinical sequelae.
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PMID:A phase III, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multinational trial of iseganan for the prevention of oral mucositis in patients receiving stomatotoxic chemotherapy (PROMPT-CT trial). 1291 69