Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0242429 (sore throat)
 2,760 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effects of laryngeal lignocaine spray and/or lignocaine jelly as lubricants were studied on the incidence of sore throat, hoarseness, or tracheal irritability as evidenced by either a tendency to cough or frank coughing after intubation with a Sensiv tube (Searle Medical Products). Pressure in the medium-volume, low-pressure cuff was controlled and kept below 2.5 kPa (25 cmH2O) during anaesthesia. The side-effects of 94 surgical patients were recorded in a double-blind manner in the recovery room and on the first post-operative day. The lowest number of patients (62%) with side-effects was found in the control group and the greatest (95%) after the combination of lignocaine jelly and spray (P less than 0.05). The number of side-effects after lignocaine jelly alone was 85% and after the spray alone 68%. Women were more prone to have side-effects, especially sore throat and hoarseness, than men (P less than 0.05). Induced hypotension did not increase the incidence of side-effects. Endotracheal cuff pressures were also studied in 114 patients during N2O-O2 anaesthesia and in 54 patients after the replacement of N2O with nitrogen. The minimum occluding pressure required was 1 kPa (10 cmH2O). In 42% of the patients receiving N2O a limiting value of 2.5 kPa (25 cmH2O) was reached during anesthesia in a mean time of 74 min (range 25-180 min). After the replacement of N2O with nitrogen, the cuff pressure decreased from 1.8 kPa (18 cmH2O) to 0.7 kPa (7 cmH2O) over 40 min. It is concluded that lignocaine jelly with the use of a spray significantly increases post-operative side-effects.
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PMID:Post-operative sore throat: effect of lignocaine jelly and spray with endotracheal intubation. 324 Jul 60

Sixty nine general practitioners recorded what they had prescribed for a total of 1189 episodes of sore throat. Antibiotics were prescribed in 763 (64%) episodes and broad spectrum antibiotics in 161 (21%) of these. If there was dysphagia, hoarseness, cervical adenopathy, and inflamed or purulent tonsils a prescription was more likely to be written. An enzyme immunoassay rapid test was evaluated as a means of rationalizing prescribing. Among 23 general practitioners and 250 patients the sensitivity of the test was 63% and the specificity 91.7% compared with 74% and 58% for clinical assessment alone. Test results rarely caused previous prescribing decisions (34 [corrected] (13%) episodes) to be altered. We suggest that the time is not ripe for the use of the enzyme immunoassay rapid test on a wide scale in the routine assessment of sore throats.
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PMID:Rational decisions in managing sore throat: evaluation of a rapid test. 329 99

Chronic hoarseness, chronic sore throat, "lump in the throat," or cervical pain with swallowing were the primary complaints in 25 (6.6%) of 379 patients undergoing esophagoscopy for gastroesophageal reflux at the Denver Veterans Administration Medical Center between 1981 and 1985. In 18 (72%) of the 25 patients, these were the only reflux symptoms. Surgery was required to control symptoms in nine (36%) patients with upper aerodigestive tract complaints, versus 52 (15%) of 354 patients with more typical reflux symptoms (z = 2.77, p less than 0.01). Surgery was also necessary more often in patients with chronic hoarseness or sore throat (seven of 15) than in those with "lump in the throat" or cervical pain with swallowing (two of 10). These findings suggest reflux does cause otherwise unexplained upper aerodigestive tract symptoms, and that surgery may be required more often to control these symptoms than is the case in patients with more typical symptoms of reflux.
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PMID:Primary upper aerodigestive tract manifestations of gastroesophageal reflux. 333 56

To investigate the causes and clinical characteristics of acute pharyngitis among school-aged children (4 to 18 years), we obtained throat cultures for respiratory viruses, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, group A streptococcus, and Chlamydia trachomatis from 320 patients with sore throat and 308 controls without respiratory complaints. The study was conducted from January to April 1985 in a private pediatric practice in central New York State. Sixty percent of the patients and 26% of the control subjects had positive cultures for at least one organism. Forty percent of patients had positive cultures for group A streptococcus, compared with 11.9% of the controls. Fifty (16%) patients had positive viral cultures, compared with eight (2.6%) controls; the predominant viral isolate was influenza A Philippines. Patients infected with influenza A were significantly more likely to complain of cough and hoarseness, and were less likely to have pharyngeal exudate or tender cervical adenopathy, than were patients who had positive cultures for group A streptococcus. Although 49 (15.8%) patients with acute pharyngitis had cultures positive for M. pneumoniae, 53 (17.6%) asymptomatic controls were also had M. pneumoniae-positive cultures. Thus detection of M. pneumoniae in the throat of school-aged children with pharyngitis may not be sufficient to establish a diagnosis of disease caused by this organism. C. trachomatis was not isolated from any patient or control.
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PMID:Viral and bacterial organisms associated with acute pharyngitis in a school-aged population. 353 96

An open trial of piroxicam, a new nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent with long-lasting analgesic and antipyretic activities, was carried out on 49 children as outpatients with viral rhinopharyngitis. Piroxicam administered once daily as an oral suspension gave significant improvement in all parameters, both respiratory (nasal obstruction and discharge, hoarseness, sore throat) and general (headache, dysphagia). A lowering in body temperature was also observed. Recovery seemed to have a more favourable trend in patients treated with piroxicam than to previous treatments. Tolerability of piroxicam was satisfactory in all but six patients who showed only slight transitory side-effects.
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PMID:Treatment of symptoms of rhinopharyngitis in children with a new anti-inflammatory agent. 354 49

Thirty-eight patients with chronic asthma requiring continuous oral corticosteroid treatment took part in a 2-year study. Budesonide, a new inhalation steroid with high topical activity and low systemic effects, was given in stepwise increasing doses from 200 micrograms daily up to 800-1600 micrograms daily and prednisolone doses were decreased gradually on an individual basis. After 2 years, 18 patients had been able to cease oral prednisolone treatment, 11 had decreased the dose by greater than or equal to 50%, three by less than or equal to 50% and two patients had increased their dose. At the end of the study the majority of patients (26) were using 800 micrograms budesonide daily and seven, 1200 micrograms or more daily. There were two dropouts, one due to local side effects and one to a severe pulmonary eosinophilia. Ten patients had local side effects in the form of hoarseness and/or sore throat, and 13 patients had steroid withdrawal symptoms such as arthralgia and myalgia. The asthma condition in all patients was improved, as indicated by the reduced need for hospital admissions. The results indicate that high doses of budesonide should be tried before starting maintenance therapy with oral steroids.
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PMID:High dose inhaled budesonide in the treatment of severe steroid-dependent asthmatics. A two-year study. 397 28

Fracture of an elongated styloid process or ossified stylohyoid ligament is uncommon. Neck or throat pain, decreased mobility, hoarseness, and mass in the neck are signs and symptoms of fracture. The inciting trauma may be as mild as yawning but more often blunt trauma of a serious nature, such as motor vehicle accident, is the cause. The diagnosis may be missed because of difficulty imaging the stylohyoid apparatus. Two cases are presented that demonstrate the variability of symptoms and trauma. Previous reports of similar injuries and selection of radiographic examinations, including computed tomography, are discussed.
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PMID:Fractures of the styloid process and stylohyoid ligament: an uncommon injury. 404 79

In a double-blind, parallel four-day trial with 51 patients, the anti-inflammatory, antiexudative, and antipyretic effects of nimesulide were compared with placebo in patients with acute inflammation of the upper respiratory tract. Patients who received nimesulide showed improvement in the signs and symptoms evaluated: pharyngeal redness, tonsillar redness, tonsillar swelling, hoarseness, sore throat, headache, and arthralgia. A statistically significant difference between nimesulide and placebo was evident for all parameters (P less than 0.01). The global use rating of the two drugs showed that nimesulide was useful in 22 (92%) of 24 patients and that placebo was useful in four (16%) of 25 patients (P less than 0.01). There were no side effects associated with nimesulide; one placebo-treated patient had diarrhea and withdrew from the study, and one nimesulide-treated patient withdrew for nonmedical reasons. No variations in laboratory tests were noted.
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PMID:Nimesulide for treatment of acute inflammation of the upper respiratory tract. 636 86

Although many manifestations of giant cell arteries are increasingly recognized, little attention has been paid to respiratory symptoms associated with this disorder. We report the cases of 16 patients with giant cell arteritis who had prominent symptoms related to the respiratory tract including cough, sore throat, and hoarseness. These symptoms were the initial finding in 10 patients and obscured the diagnosis in some instances, but resolved quickly when corticosteroids were given. It is estimated that 9% of patients with giant cell arteritis have prominent respiratory tract symptoms, which are the initial manifestation in 4%. This disorder should be considered in an older patient with a new cough or throat pain without obvious cause.
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PMID:Respiratory tract symptoms as a clue to giant cell arteritis. 648 90

A retrospective analysis of direct laryngoscopies performed at our institution in 1978 was undertaken utilizing computer technology. The population which consisted of 54% males and 46% females had an average age of 50.4 years. The most common symptom was hoarseness (83.6%). The most frequent benign and malignant diagnoses were vocal cord polyp and squamous cell carcinoma, respectively. Males predominated in all disease entities except vocal cord polyps. Benign disease entities presented most frequently with one or two symptoms, while malignant pathology presented with a varied array and number of symptoms. The indications: "tumor" seen on indirect laryngoscopy, sore throat, dysphagia, otalgia, upper respiratory tract obstruction, hemoptysis, cough and leukoplakia were most frequently associated with malignancy. Voice abuse occupations were most commonly associated with vocal cord polyps and tobacco and alcohol use was most frequently associated with laryngeal cancer. Eighty-five percent of direct laryngoscopies were done under general anesthesia with two-thirds utilizing direct suspension microlaryngoscopy.
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PMID:Direct laryngoscopy: a retrospective analysis. 666 56


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