Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0242429 (sore throat)
 2,760 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is characterized by severe disabling fatigue lasting for more than 6 months associated with physical and mental disturbances such as headache, arthralgia, myalgia, memory impairment, sore throat and tender lymph nodes. The exact pathogenesis is still unknown. Several models were proposed to explain its etiology including chronic infection, endocrine dysfunction, autonomic imbalance, depression, decreased immunity states and an aberrant reaction to infection. No convincing evidence was found to support any of the suggested pathogenic mechanisms. The current concept is that CFS pathogenesis is a multi factorial condition in which an infective agent cause an aberrant immune response characterized by a shift to Th-2 dominant response. When the response fails to be switched-off, a chronic immune activation occurs and clinically expressed as the symptomatology of CFS. Vaccinations are used in order to stimulate the immune system to induce a persistent immunity against the favorable antigens. Several syndromes that contain chronic fatigue as one of their symptoms, such as "Gulf war syndrome" and macrophagic myofasciitis were related to vaccinations. Can vaccinations induce the aberrant immune response of CFS? Little is known about this issue. There are some reports on CFS occurring after vaccination, but few prospective and retrospective studies failed to find such an association. A working group of the Canadian Laboratory Center for Disease Control (LCDC) that was founded in order to examine the suspected association between CFS and vaccinations concluded that there is no evidence that relates CFS to vaccination. Further studies are requested to examine this issue since it is very conceivable that if infection can lead to CFS, vaccination may also lead to it in the same immune-mediated pathogenesis.
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PMID:Infection and vaccination in chronic fatigue syndrome: myth or reality? 1736 97

Our objectives were to investigate thyroid abnormalities and autoimmunity in 120 patients affected by fibromyalgia (FM) and to study their relationships with clinical data and symptoms. Thyroid assessment by means of antithyroglobulin antibodies, antithyroid peroxidase antibodies, free triiodo-thyronine, free thyroxine, and thyroid stimulating hormone analyses was carried out. The clinical parameters "Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire", pain, tender points, fatigue, and other symptoms, and the presence of depression or anxiety disorders were evaluated. The basal thyroid hormone levels of FM patients were in the normal range, while 41% of the patients had at least one thyroid antibody. Patients with thyroid autoimmunity showed a higher percentage of dry eyes, burning, or pain with urination, allodynia, blurred vision, and sore throat. Correlations found between thyroid autoimmunity and age or with the presence of depression or anxiety disorders were not significant. However, in the cohort of post-menopausal patients, the frequency of thyroid autoimmunity was higher with respect to pre-menopausal patients. In conclusion, autoimmune thyroiditis is present in an elevated percentage of FM patients, and it has been associated with the presence of typical symptoms of the disease.
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PMID:Association between thyroid autoimmunity and fibromyalgic disease severity. 1748 49

The objective of this article was the study of 12 cases of granulocytopenia associated with terbinafine use in Australia, the most recent, with agranulocytosis, which is described in detail. The mean age of the participants was 64 years (range 35-79 years). Sex was reported in 11 patients and all but one was a woman. Time to onset of neutropenia/agranulocytosis was 4-5 weeks in most cases. Neutropenia was typically severe with neutrophil counts < or = 0.3 x 10(3)/mm3 in all but 3 of 11 patients where counts were given. Terbinafine was stopped in all patients, five were hospitalized and one died of septic shock. Six patients received antibiotics and three were given granulocyte colony stimulating factor. Terbinafine, indicated for the treatment of onychomycosis and ringworm, may rarely be associated with granulocytopenia, which is typically severe. It takes approximately 1 month or longer for the development of manifestations of neutropenia, which include fatigue, fever, sore throat and mouth ulceration. Withdrawal of terbinafine and appropriate management of febrile neutropenia will probably result in a favourable outcome. Patients should be warned about this potentially life-threatening adverse reaction and the warning symptoms.
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PMID:Toenails and agranulocytosis. 1764 Jan 91

Wegener's Granulomatosis (WG) is a rare, Multisystem disease of the medium and small sized arteries and veins. It most commonly involves the upper respiratory tract, lungs, and kidneys and often presents as chronic fatigue, upper respiratory infection, sinusitis, and otitis media. Symptoms can include fever, weight loss and fatigue, though these are not usually the primary presenting complaints. development of the disease is highly skewed across ethnicities, with up to 98% of cases being reported in caucasians. We present the case of a 56-year-old African-American male who presented primarily with complaints of uncontrollable fever of unknown origin (FUO) for past two weeks with accompanying sore throat, nasal congestion, night sweats, malaise, and unexplained weight loss of 10 pounds over the past month. Treatment with antibiotics for one week prior to admission showed no relief of symptoms. Chest x-ray showed focal course markings in the right upper lobe. Urinalysis revealed microscopic hematuria and leukocyturia. Chest and abdominal CT scans revealed a right lower lobe pulmonary nodule and heterogeneous areas of enhancement in the spleen. Head CT revealed right mastoid opification. Labs revealed proteinase-3 antibody titer > 100, which is characteristic of WG. Steroids and cyclophosphamide were started with relief of presenting symptoms. Renal biopsy showed pauci-immune P-ANCA associated crescentic and focally necrotizing glomerulonephritis and vascilitis. This case is unique in that the patient presented with primary complaint of FUO. WG should be considered as a rule-out in cases of uncontrollable FUO, even if none of the classic triad of symptoms is present. Though rare, WG should be considered in cases involving non-Caucasian patients.
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PMID:Wegener's granulomatosis presenting as fever of unknown origin in an African-American male. 1860 51

The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in patients with laryngopharyngeal symptoms, the relationship between laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) and Helicobacter Pylori infection and treatment response to proton pump inhibitors. Forty-five patients with suspected gastroesophageal reflux diseases related symptoms (sore throat, throat burning, throat clearing, globus sensation, cough, halitozis, dysphonia, dysphagia, postnasal dripping, vocal fatigue, and sputum) were included in this study. For pre-therapeutic and post-therapeutic comparison, symptoms and laryngological findings were graded on a 4-point scale. The patients underwent upper gastrointestinal system endoscopy. During endoscopy, antral biopsies from the stomach were obtained to detect H. Pylori. Antireflux medication with proton pump inhibitors (PPI) and H. Pylori eradication therapy if present were prescribed to the patients. The improvement in symptoms and laryngological findings were evaluated after treatment. By means of esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD), reflux was detected in only 11% of patients. But there can be reflux patients other than the detected ones. Although, H. Pylori was present in 62% of patients, no correlation was found between H. Pylori positivity and symptoms. All patients responded well to antireflux treatment and H. Pylori eradication therapy. Laryngopharyngeal symptoms and findings can be predictors of gastroesophageal diseases when response to reflux treatment is taken into account.
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PMID:Association of laryngopharyngeal manifestations and gastroesophageal reflux. 1864 36

Influenza-like illness (ILI) definitions have been used worldwide for influenza surveillance. These different case definitions can vary with regard to sensitivity and predictive values for laboratory confirmed influenza. The literature has indicated the inclusion of other viruses may be the cause of these variable results. The objective of the study was to evaluate ILI national sentinel criteria and viral etiologies in adults diagnosed with acute respiratory infection (ARI) and/or ILI from 2001 to 2003 in Sao Paulo, Brazil. Clinical and laboratory evaluations were observed from 420 adults and collected on a daily basis from outpatient care units at University Hospital. The ILI definition included: fever plus at least one respiratory symptom (cough and/or sore throat) and one constitutional symptom (headache, malaise, myalgia, sweat or chills, or fatigue). DFA and RT-PCR for influenza, parainfluenza, respiratory syncytial virus, adenovirus, enterovirus, coronavirus, rhinovirus, and metapneumovirus were performed on nasal washes and 61.8% resulted positive. The respiratory viruses detected most often were influenza and rhinovirus. ILI was reported for 240/420 patients (57.1%), with influenza and rhinovirus etiologies accounting for 30.9% and 19.6%, respectively. Rhinovirus peak activity was concurrent with the influenza season. These findings highlight the implications of other viruses in ILI etiology and suggest that during the influenza season, this clinical overlap must be considered in the diagnosis and clinical management of patients.
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PMID:Acute respiratory infection and influenza-like illness viral etiologies in Brazilian adults. 1871 37

The National Marrow Donor Program (NMDP) has been facilitating hematopoietic cell transplants since 1987. Volunteer donors listed on the NMDP Registry may be asked to donate either bone marrow (BM) or peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC); however, since 2003, the majority of donors (72% in 2007) have been asked to donate PBSC. From the donor's perspective these stem cell sources carry different recovery and safety profiles. The majority of BM and PBSC donors experienced symptoms during the course of their donation experience. Pain is the number 1 symptom for both groups of donors. BM donors most often reported pain at the collection site (82% back or hip pain) and anesthesia-related pain sites (33% throat pain; 17% post-anesthesia headache), whereas PBSC donors most often reported bone pain (97%) at various sites during filgrastim administration. Fatigue was the second most reported symptom by both BM and PBSC donors (59% and 70%, respectively). PBSC donors reported a median time to recovery of 1 week compared to a median time to recovery of 3 weeks for BM donors. Both BM and PBSC donors experienced transient changes in their WBC, platelet, and hemoglobin counts during the donation process, with most counts returning to baseline values by 1 month post-donation and beyond. Serious adverse events are uncommon, but these events occurred more often in BM donors than PBSC donors (1.34% in BM donors, 0.6% in PBSC donors) and a few BM donors may have long-term complications. NMDP donors are currently participating in a randomized clinical trial that will formally compare the clinical and quality-of-life outcomes of BM and PBSC donors and their graft recipients.
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PMID:Recovery and safety profiles of marrow and PBSC donors: experience of the National Marrow Donor Program. 1872 78

Hot drinks are a common treatment for common cold and flu but there are no studies reported in the scientific and clinical literature on this mode of treatment. This study investigated the effects of a hot fruit drink on objective and subjective measures of nasal airflow, and on subjective scores for common cold/flu symptoms in 30 subjects suffering from common cold/flu. The results demonstrate that the hot drink had no effect on objective measurement of nasal airflow but it did cause a significant improvement in subjective measures of nasal airflow. The hot drink provided immediate and sustained relief from symptoms of runny nose, cough, sneezing, sore throat, chilliness and tiredness, whereas the same drink at room temperature only provided relief from symptoms of runny nose, cough and sneezing. The effects of the drinks are discussed in terms of a placebo effect and physiological effects on salivation and airway secretions. In conclusion the results support the folklore that a hot tasty drink is a beneficial treatment for relief of most symptoms of common cold and flu.
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PMID:The effects of a hot drink on nasal airflow and symptoms of common cold and flu. 1914 94

Arytenoid subluxation is a rare laryngeal injury that may follow instrumentation of the airway and present as hoarseness, vocal fatigue, stridor, dysphagia, odynophagia and sore throat. We report the case of an 88-year-old man with type 2 diabetes mellitus who developed this complication during a difficult intubation where a Macintosh laryngoscope and gum elastic bougie were used to facilitate intubation. Previously considered to play a minor role in treatment, voice therapy was used successfully in this patient to correct subluxation of the arytenoid, with prompt resolution of his symptoms.
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PMID:Arytenoid subluxation after a difficult intubation treated successfully with voice therapy. 1977 54

This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study investigated the efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity of LAIV in community-dwelling ambulatory adults > or =60 years of age in South Africa in 2001. Nose and throat swabs were obtained for influenza virus culture based on the symptoms of influenza-like illness. A total of 3242 subjects were enrolled, with a mean age of 69.5 years. The efficacy of LAIV against influenza viruses antigenically similar to the vaccine was 42.3% (95% CI, 21.6-57.8%). Efficacy against A/H3N2 viruses was 52.5% (95% CI, 32.1-67.2%); vaccine efficacy was not observed against antigenically similar B strains. In post hoc analyses, efficacy in subjects 60 to <70 years of age was 41.8% and -22.7% against A/H3N2 and B, respectively and 65.7% and 9.9%, respectively, for subjects > or =70 years. Reactogenicity events were higher among LAIV than placebo recipients during 11 days postvaccination (P=0.042), including runny nose/nasal congestion, cough, sore throat, headache, muscle aches, tiredness, and decreased appetite. Rates of serious adverse events were similar for LAIV and placebo recipients. This was the first demonstration of statistically significant protection by LAIV against culture-confirmed influenza in adults > or =60 years of age. These results suggest that LAIV may provide an additional public health tool in the prevention of influenza in the elderly. (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier, NCT00217230.).
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PMID:Efficacy and safety of a live attenuated influenza vaccine in adults 60 years of age and older. 1979 21


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