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Query: UMLS:C0242429 (sore throat)
 2,760 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Lyme disease is an important consideration in the differential diagnosis of patients seen by the otolaryngologist. Facial paralysis is the most common sign. The otolaryngologist may also see patients with temporal mandibular joint pain, cervical lymphadenopathy, facial pain, headache, tinnitis, vertigo, decreased hearing, otalgia and sore throat. The incidence is increasing and known to be endemic to certain areas of the United States and abroad. This paper reviews the various ways Lyme disease appears to the otolaryngologist. Three cases along with a discussion including epidemiology, vector, animal host relationship, clinical manifestations and pathophysiology are included. The literature is reviewed and the treatment discussed.
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PMID:Lyme disease: a review for the otolaryngologist. 782 75

In 511 patients with T3N0-3M0 laryngeal carcinoma, 24 possible prognostic factors were analysed retrospectively. The factors were age, sex, mode of treatment, duration of several clinical symptoms, the presence of sore throat, otalgia, dyspnoea, and dysphagia, previous tracheotomy, tumour extension, lymph node status (five items), histologic grading, smoking habits, and alcohol intake. For 300 patients in whom surgery was part of the primary treatment, pathologic staging of the primary tumour and of lymph nodes in neck dissection specimens, cartilage invasion, radicality of the operation, differentiation grade, and subglottic extension were also evaluated. Univariate analysis revealed prognostic significance on survival for tumour extension (limited to the glottic region), lymph node status (clinically palpable lymph nodes, cytologically confirmed positive lymph nodes), level of lymph node metastasis (high and midjugular site), histologic grading (poor differentiation grade), and treatment modality (planned combined therapy). In the group that underwent surgery, all factors derived from specimens of the larynx and neck dissections had prognostic significance. Multivariate analysis revealed that the glottic site of the tumour, the presence of cyto- and histopathologically proven metastatic lymph nodes, pretreatment tracheotomy, positive resection margins, and planned combined treatment had a significant influence on corrected actuarial survival.
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PMID:[Uni- and multivariate analysis of prognostic factors in T3 laryngeal cancers]. 830 23

From 1982 to 1991, we experienced 76 patients with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia which were confirmed by serologic tests. There were 32 (42%) male and 44 (58%) female patients. One patient had underlying disease of diabetes mellitus while the other patients were in good health. The age ranged from 9 months old to 72 years old. All the patients complained of fever and coughing; 63% had dry cough and 37% had sputum production. Upper respiratory tract complaints such as rhinorrhea, sore throat, or earache were noted in 57% of the patients. Fifty-five percent of the patients had GI symptoms of anorexia, nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea. Other complaints included myalgia/arthralgia (29%), headache (30%), and general malaise (32%). Dyspnea (17%) and chest pain (20%) were occasional complaints. Seventy-one percent of the patients had WBC counts < 10000/cu mm and 29% > 10000/cu mm. The mean value of C-reactive protein (CRP) was 53.1 micrograms/ml, while 16% of the patients had a CRP value above 100 micrograms/ml. Thirty-one percent of the patients were noted to have a transient elevation of serum transaminase. Four different patterns of infiltration were seen in chest radiographic manifestation: 1) peribronchial and perivascular interstitial infiltrates (18.4%), 2) nonhomogeneous patchy consolidations (22.4%), 3) homogeneous acinar consolidations (27.6%), and 4) mixed interstitial and alveolar infiltrates (27.6%). Interstitial infiltration was more commonly seen in pediatric than adult patients (46% vs 20%). Other features of the radiologic manifestation were as follows: unilateral lesions in 80% of patients, single lobe lesions in 77%, lower lobe predominant in 69%, pleural effusion in 7%, and radiographic deterioration in 10%. Mycoplasmal pneumonia should be considered in the differential diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonias.
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PMID:Clinical study of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia. 832 Jul 55

We present the results of the investigation of an epidemic outbreak of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection which affected 95 schoolchildren from certain village in Catalonia. The investigation took an epidemiological, clinical and microbiological approach, detecting by capture enzyme-immunoassay technique the presence of IgM antibodies against M. pneumoniae. All cases occurred over a 9 week period. The attack rate in children under five was 18% and 8.2% in those from 5-14 years. The age mean and standard deviation of the cases was 5.2 +/- 3.5 years, the range being from 9 months to 14 years. Cough was the most common clinical manifestation (87.4%), followed by fever (67.4%), asthenia (21.1%), abdominal pain (18.9%), vomiting (13.7%), earache (8.4%) and sore throat (6.3%). There was no significant difference in the distribution of symptoms according to age groups. IgM anti M. pneumoniae was positive in 36 (37.9%) of the samples analysed. Treatment chosen in most cases (90) was eritromicin and there was a correct evolution in all cases except for two clinical and radiological recurrences. Hospitalization was only necessary in 5 cases. The present findings are important to emphasize the high incidence of M. pneumoniae respiratory disease in children under 5, and suggests that with respiratory processes affecting very young children, a possible Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection should also be considered and the necessary action taken in the form of early and appropriate treatment.
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PMID:Community outbreak of acute respiratory infection by Mycoplasma pneumoniae. 881 90

Adult supraglottitis is an acute inflammation of the supraglottic structures first reported by Shapiro et al. While multiple anatomical sites in the larynx and oropharynx are inflamed, the epiglottis is not always the most involved area. In this paper, we refer to "adult supraglottitis" as "acute supraglottitis" because pediatric supraglottitis is rare in Japan. There have been no reports of acute supraglottitis in Japan to date. We report a clinical study of 15 cases of acute supraglottitis. In addition, we investigated whether acute supraglottitis can be recognized as a special form of acute laryngitis, the same as epiglottitis. Thirteen of 15 patients had severe sore throat or pain on swallowing. Oropharyngeal and laryngeal examinations revealed that the most involved area in the oropharynx and larynx was the aryepiglottic folds and the arytenoids. Five patients with edema extending from the aryepiglottic folds to the arytenoids complained of referred otalgia on swallowing. Strep. Pyogenes, Strep, pneumoniae, alpha-strep., and Staph aureus were isolated from the oropharynx. All patients were hospitalized because of severe presenting symptoms. Treatment consisted of intravenous antibiotics, including piperacillin, clindamycin, flomoxef, aspoxicillin, and cefotiam. Nine patients also received intravenous steroids. Signs and symptoms of supraglottitis resolved within 10 days in every case. No patient required airway intervention. Acute supraglottitis manifested more severe clinical symptoms than acute laryngitis. the local inflammatory findings of this disease were different from those of acute laryngitis and epiglottitis. therefore, we propose that acute supraglottitis is a special form of acute laryngitis.
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PMID:[Clinical study of acute supraglottitis as a disease entity]. 918 30

The federal country of Carinthia is known for its lakes and ponds, which are extensively used for bathing. The water quality is monitored regularly in accordance to the EC-Directive 76/160/EC and especially to the more rigorous Austrian Standard M6230. Since redevelopment measures of the lakes have been nearly finished the water quality found has improved essentially. In spite of these monitored data no effective correlation to data from the concerning ambulant sector of medical care could be established. The Carinthian Sentinel Practice Network started in summer 1994 to retrieve informations about occurrence and frequency of bathing related illness of children up to 16 years old. The 26 participating primary health care and pediatric physicians, having their own independent practices spread all over the country, reported the specific doctor-patient-contracts to the coordinating base. Criteria for inclusion in the medical report were headache, sore throat, otalgia, stomach-ache, nausea, emesis, diarrhoea, fever, rhinitis, cough, cold, moreover conjunctivitis, skin rash and specific dermatitis. In addition physicians reported where, how long and how often the children had been bathing and how long they had been free of symptoms afterwards. Each case was reported to the coordinating base including a presumed diagnosis. Statistic evaluation showed that bathing related illness may be divided into three main groups according to symptom frequency. The frequency of otalgia (32.4%) was significantly higher than any other symptom asked for. Two groups of symptoms correlate with each other: on one hand rhinitis, conjunctivitis, cough and sore throat (36.5%) and on the other hand nausea, emesis, diarrhoea and fever (41.9%). These data underline conclusions drawn by other authors but are not representative enough to correlate to data from water monitoring. First results suggest that conclusions for public health authorities can be drawn from this additional information about the state of the lakes and ponds-providing a sufficient number of data is reported.
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PMID:[Bathing water related diseases: the Carinthian Sentinel Project as the source of epidemiological data]. 937 46

Adenotonsillectomy is generally safe surgery, but surgeons should be cognizant of potential complications and be prepared to manage them. Postoperative hemorrhage usually responds to local measures or cautery but can be life-threatening. Preoperative screening of coagulation profiles appears unnecessary. Anesthetic risks have declined with modern techniques, but airway risks, aspiration, and pulmonary edema are possible. Nasopharyngeal valving may be altered by velopharyngeal incompetence or nasopharyngeal stenosis. Sore throat, otalgia, fever, dehydration, and uvular edema are more common postoperative complaints. Less common complications include atlantoaxial subluxation, mandible condyle fracture, infection, eustachian tube injury, and psychological trauma. The prevalence, management, and strategies for avoidance of these are discussed.
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PMID:Complications of tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy. 945 Aug 30

A two-part study was designed to investigate the effect of tonsillectomy on eustachian tube function and to identify if any change is related to postoperative pain. Middle ear pressure was measured by tympanometry and results were classified as type A (+50 daPa to -99 daPa), type B (flat) or type C (-100 daPa to -350 daPa). Thirty-one patients with type A tympanograms, undergoing tonsillectomy enrolled in study A. Patients had tympanometry the next day and filled in a questionnaire incorporating visual analogue pain scores. In study B, 30 patients underwent a similar protocol and were followed up at 1 week tympanometry and a questionnaire. A control group of 26 patients undergoing appendicectomy was recruited. Follow-up was available on 23 patients from study B. Combining A and B, on the first postoperative day 39% of patients developed type C tympanograms. No member of the control group developed any change in middle ear pressure. There was no significant relationship between pain scores for throat pain or otalgia and the development of negative middle ear pressure. By day 7 all patients had type A tympanograms. Otalgia was a delayed symptom significantly associated with increased throat pain. Transient negative middle ear pressure commonly occurs following tonsillectomy.
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PMID:The effect of tonsillectomy on eustachian tube function. 946 59

Pain is one of the most troublesome complications of tonsillectomy. The pain appears as throat pain, otalgia, or both, and continues until mucosal recovery on the tonsillar fossae is complete. Some surgical and hemostasis techniques may increase pain. Analgesics, antibiotics, steroids, and local and topical anesthetics are used to relieve posttonsillectomy pain, but none has the desired effectiveness. The pain reliever must not increase bleeding and must have minimal side effects. Sucralfate, a basic amino salt of sucrose octasulfate, binds to the matrix protein of a peptic ulcer and produces a protective barrier. Tonsillectomy leaves two large ulcerous wounds, and sucralfate may bind those wounds as it does peptic ulcers. In this controlled study, the efficacy of sucralfate on posttonsillectomy throat pain, otalgia, analgesic requirement, degree of strength, bleeding, body temperature, and mucosal recovery is investigated in 80 patients. Sucralfate is found to significantly reduce throat pain and analgesic requirement after surgery.
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PMID:Sucralfate for posttonsillectomy analgesia. 985 54

Sore throat, earache, and sinusitis are common presenting complaints in the emergency department, and all fall within the top ten in the United States. These complaints usually have a benign course but rarely can be a symptom of a serious disease process. This article provides an evidence-based review of the literature regarding the diagnosis of pharyngitis, otitis media, and sinusitis.
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PMID:Evaluation of the patient with sore throat, earache, and sinusitis: an evidence based approach. 1010 45


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