Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0242429 (sore throat)
 2,760 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

From 1967-1973, a total of 54 strains of Mycoplasma pneumoniae was isolated from patients suffering from different acute respiratory diseases, with an average positive isolation rate of 4.7%. Most mycoplasmas were isolated from patients aged 40-60, and with pneumonia of primary atypical pneumonias. The highest frequency of isolation was found in sputum collected 4-8 days after onset of illness. Colony formation on PPLO medium usually occurred 7-12 days after incubation. Serological tests were methods of choice for diagnosis of mycoplasmal pneumonia. In the 6 years period, 163 patients were diagnosed: 74 were positive only by metabolic inhibition test (MIT), 55 were positive only by cold agglutination test (CAT), and 34 gave positive by both tests. Of the above 2 tests, the CAT is nonspecific, but the MIT appears to be more sensitive and specific. Of the 94 sera positive by MIT, 42 (48.2%) were also positive by CAT; of those negative by MIT, 45 of 507 (8.8%) were positive by CAT. Of 45 sera with positive mycoplasma isolation, 37 (82.2%) were also positive by MIT, but only 22 (48.9%) showed the rises of CAT titers. Clinical features of mycoplasmal pneumonia were almost similar to those described by the other investigators. The chief symptoms were fever, coughs, chills, rales, malaise, sore throat headache and chest pain. The sedimentation rate of erythrocytes was accelerated. White count was normal in most cases. Both leucocytosis and leucopenia were found in 10% of the cases. Seasonal variation in incidence of mycoplasmal pneumonia was not obvious, however the lowest incidence occurred during summer. A roentgenogram of the chest was necessary for diagnosis of mycoplasmal pneumonia, and the lung infiltration was mainly located on right side (57.1%), segmentally, and limited to one lobe, especially the lower lobe.
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PMID:Mycoplasmal pneumonia in Chinese veterans. 103 86

The authors report an episode of mass psychogenic illness exacerbating respiratory symptoms in military recruits. The epidemic occurred over a 10- to 12-hour period in September 1988, in a group initially complaining of cough and pleuritic chest pain. More than 1,800 men were evacuated from their barracks because of a suspected toxic gaseous exposure. Approximately 1,000 recruits developed at least one new symptom, 375 were evacuated by ambulance to receive further medical evaluation, and at least eight were hospitalized. Air sample testing from the area was unremarkable, and there were few abnormal physical examination or laboratory findings. The epidemiologic investigation included a questionnaire administered 2 weeks after the epidemic to 1,000 of the recruits involved. A total of 55% of those who completed the questionnaire reported the onset of at least one new symptom after supper, with at least 25% reporting the new onset of cough, light-headedness, chest pain, shortness of breath, headache, sore throat, or dizziness. A total of 18% received further medical evaluation. The development of new symptoms and the receipt of further medical evaluation were associated with evidence of physical stress, mental stress, and awareness of rumors of odors, gases, and/or smoke. This epidemic was unique because of its size and its occurrence in an all-male population.
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PMID:An epidemic of respiratory complaints exacerbated by mass psychogenic illness in a military recruit population. 226 May 44

Twenty-eight patients suffered 32 episodes of ALS (air leak syndrome) between 1974 and 1985 at the Department of Pediatrics of the National Minami-Fukuoka Chest Hospital. The highest incidence was observed between ten and twelve years of age and in the autumn. Their chief complaints were chest pain, sore throat and some pains in other parts. Pneumomediastinum associated with subcutaneous emphysema was observed in 50%; this was the most common type of ALS. Chest X-ray findings showed free air in the left mediastinum in 20 of 22 patients with pneumomediastinum. Free air in the left mediastinum is considered to be a diagnostic finding for ALS.
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PMID:Air leak syndrome (ALS) as complication of asthma. 250 28

Severe respiratory tract irritation occurred in at least 74 of 100 boilermakers who were exposed to high levels of vanadium pentoxide fume during oil-to-coal conversion of a utility company power plant in a rural area of western Massachusetts. Many were welders working in confined areas with inadequate ventilation. Most frequent symptoms were productive cough, sore throat, dyspnea on exertion, and chest pain or discomfort. The illness was severe enough to cause 70 workers to consult physicians and most of them to lose time from work (median, five days). Wheezing (in 39%) was the most frequent finding on physical examination. Mild hypoxemia was noted in several workers; most (72%) had normal chest x-ray films. Expiratory flow rate over the middle 50% of the forced vital capacity was the pulmonary function test most remarkably affected (median, 57% of predicted for 24 workers tested). The Occupational Safety and Health Administration documented levels of vanadium pentoxide fume at or above the permissible exposure limit in all eight air samples taken from inside the boiler; it cited the company for inadequate mechanical ventilation and an inadequate respiratory protection program for workers. The report of this outbreak may help prevent future problems by drawing attention of physicians, workers, and managers to the potential pulmonary hazards in power plant conversion.
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PMID:Boilermakers' bronchitis. Respiratory tract irritation associated with vanadium pentoxide exposure during oil-to-coal conversion of a power plant. 633 88

Infectious mononucleosis complicated by acute myopericarditis was finally diagnosed in a 17-year-old boy who presented with sore throat and severe left-sided chest pain. A mononucleosis spot test and heterophil agglutination test turned strongly positive only on the sixth hospital day. The natural course of infectious mononucleosis complicated by myopericarditis appears to be benign.
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PMID:Severe chest pain due to infectious mononucleosis. 684 86

From 1982 to 1991, we experienced 76 patients with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia which were confirmed by serologic tests. There were 32 (42%) male and 44 (58%) female patients. One patient had underlying disease of diabetes mellitus while the other patients were in good health. The age ranged from 9 months old to 72 years old. All the patients complained of fever and coughing; 63% had dry cough and 37% had sputum production. Upper respiratory tract complaints such as rhinorrhea, sore throat, or earache were noted in 57% of the patients. Fifty-five percent of the patients had GI symptoms of anorexia, nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea. Other complaints included myalgia/arthralgia (29%), headache (30%), and general malaise (32%). Dyspnea (17%) and chest pain (20%) were occasional complaints. Seventy-one percent of the patients had WBC counts < 10000/cu mm and 29% > 10000/cu mm. The mean value of C-reactive protein (CRP) was 53.1 micrograms/ml, while 16% of the patients had a CRP value above 100 micrograms/ml. Thirty-one percent of the patients were noted to have a transient elevation of serum transaminase. Four different patterns of infiltration were seen in chest radiographic manifestation: 1) peribronchial and perivascular interstitial infiltrates (18.4%), 2) nonhomogeneous patchy consolidations (22.4%), 3) homogeneous acinar consolidations (27.6%), and 4) mixed interstitial and alveolar infiltrates (27.6%). Interstitial infiltration was more commonly seen in pediatric than adult patients (46% vs 20%). Other features of the radiologic manifestation were as follows: unilateral lesions in 80% of patients, single lobe lesions in 77%, lower lobe predominant in 69%, pleural effusion in 7%, and radiographic deterioration in 10%. Mycoplasmal pneumonia should be considered in the differential diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonias.
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PMID:Clinical study of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia. 832 Jul 55

1. The use of tear gas to control civil unrest is accepted practice by government authorities worldwide. It is rarely used in Hong Kong but during a recent riot at a Vietnamese detention centre large quantities were used and this was cause for some concern. 2. All patients presenting to the British Red Cross Clinic after the incident were seen by one of the authors. To establish if exposure to tear gas had serious effects on the health of the detainees, the case records of the 184 patients with symptoms consistent with CS exposure were reviewed 2 months later. 3. The most common complaints were burns (52%), cough (38%), headache (29%), shortness of breath (21%), chest pain (19%), sore throat (15%) and fever (13%). However, the only common findings on examination by a physician were burns (52%) and an inflamed throat (27%). All burns could be categorised as "minor' according to the American Burns Association classification and all were consistent with CS gas exposure. 4. Some patients complained of other symptoms that had not been previously reported in the literature, such as haemoptysis (8%) and haematemesis (4%), but these were only confirmed in one patient. 5. The majority of patients had recovered within 2 weeks of exposure although one asthmatic patient complained of shortness of breath lasting for 33 days and a sore throat lasting for 38 days after the incident. She had abnormally low peak expiratory flow readings, but had a clinical history of asthma. 6. No serious sequelae were encountered, but the incidence of burns in these patients was higher than would be expected from a review of the literature. However, very little data on the effects of tear gas in a riot situation has been published. There have been reports of high concentrations of CS gas causing reactive airways dysfunction but this was not seen in our group of patients.
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PMID:Acute effects of the potent lacrimator o-chlorobenzylidene malononitrile (CS) tear gas. 879 27

Fever after a cardiac operation is commonly caused by myocardial infarction, postpericardiotomy syndrome, post-myocardial infarction syndrome (Dressler's syndrome), or postperfusion syndrome resulting from cytomegalovirus infection. Postpericardiotomy syndrome and post-myocardial infarction syndrome are autoimmune disorders characterized by eosinophilia, pleuritic chest pain, and pleural effusions. In contrast, the diagnosis of postperfusion syndrome caused by cytomegalovirus is suggested if the patient has a mild sore throat, no pleural component or chest pain, no eosinophilia, and atypical lymphocytosis. The syndromes of injury after cardiac surgical procedures are diagnoses of exclusion, but the diagnosis of postperfusion syndrome ("40-day postoperative fever") may be made on the basis of elevated cytomegalovirus IgM titers.
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PMID:Postpericardiotomy syndrome. 909 May 22

Psittacosis, also referred to as ornithosis, is a disease primarily of birds, which may be transmitted to humans. Psittacosis is caused by Chlamydia psittaci, an obligate intracellular parasite found worldwide. Humans are infected with C. psittaci when the organism enters the blood stream, usually through inhalation of dried excrement from diseased birds or through wound contamination with infected avian secretions. C. psittaci replicates in the liver and spleen and infects the lung and other organs hematogenously.1 The clinical manifestations of human psittacosis range from a mild respiratory infection to a severe systemic illness.1,2 Symptoms are frequently described as flu-like with fever, headache, body aches, and dry or productive cough. Sore throat, chest pain, abdominal pain, vomiting, and diarrhea are variably present. Physical findings may include a pulse-temperature dissociation, localized lung crackles, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, and a pale macular skin rash. Chest radiographs may demonstrate lesions that are atelectatic, patchy, miliary, nodular, or consolidated in one or both lungs. White cell counts, erythrocyte sedimentation rates, and liver function tests are usually normal. In severe illness, signs and symptoms of liver dysfunction, neurological impairment, and respiratory and renal failure may be present. Since 1879 when psittacosis was recognized as a disease entity, cases have been reported in North and South America, Europe, Asia, and Australia. However, reports of psittacosis in Africa have been rare. An Ethiopian group, studying community-acquired pneumonia, published what they claimed to be the first report of psittacosis in Africa in 1994.3 The report published here is believed to be the first documented case of human psittacosis in Egypt.
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PMID:Psittacosis in Egypt: A Case Study. 981 79

To determine the public's perception as to the general definition of an emergency medical condition (EMC), and to compare opinions between the general public and healthcare workers (HCW) on which specific medical conditions require emergency department (ED) care, a survey of people at 12 supermarkets and shopping malls in Northern California was conducted over a 6-month period in 1997. Individuals over age 18 were asked in person to complete a survey sheet. It asked participants to choose one of four definitions of "emergency medical condition." In addition, people were asked to determine which of 30 chief complaints they thought needed care in the ED. Demographic information was also collected. A second set of surveys asking the same questions was conducted among nonemergency healthcare providers at hospitals. Healthcare worker was defined as an MD, RN, LVN, or PA. A total of 1,018 members of the public and 126 healthcare workers completed the survey. EMC definitions selected by the public were: 1) an abbreviated federal EMTALA definition: a condition that may result in death, permanent disability, or severe pain (48.7%); 2) the federal definition plus other conditions preventing work (3.0%); 3) the federal definition plus any other conditions outside business hours (16.5%); and 4) any condition at any time as determined by the patient (31.6%). HCWs selected the following: definition 1 (71%); definitions 2 and 3 (0%); and definition 4 (27%). Definitions 1 and 3 were statistically different when comparisons were made between the public and HCWs. On the question of which of the 30 chief complaints needed care in an ED, agreement was seen between the public and HCWs for severe abdominal pain (94% vs. 99%, respectively) and severe chest pain (96% vs. 99%, respectively). However, the two disagreed on the need for ED care for severe headache (58% vs. 91%, respectively); mild chest pain (51% vs. 79%, respectively); and difficulty breathing (77% vs. 98%, respectively). No significant difference in opinions on the need for ED care was seen for some minor conditions: mild headache, sore throat, cough, flu symptoms, minor foot problems. No significant differences in answers occurred when age groups, occupations, or locations were compared. In conclusion, the public has split views concerning the general definition of an emergency medical condition. Approximately half uses a conservative federal definition, and half uses patient self-determined need as the definition. Data on which specific conditions need ED care provide additional insight on agreement between the public and HCWs on most problems. Both groups agree that many perceived minor medical complaints do not require ED care.
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PMID:How do prudent laypeople define an emergency medical condition? 1033 30


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