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Query: UMLS:C0242429 (sore throat)
 2,760 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Clinical and serologic data were collected on 667 University of Washington students who presented to the David Hall Student Health Center between 1983 and 1987 with acute respiratory disease. Sera were tested for evidence of acute or past infections with Chlamydia pneumoniae strain TWAR, Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, influenza A virus, influenza B virus, adenovirus, and respiratory syncytial virus. Pharyngeal swab specimens were cultured for C. pneumoniae and C. trachomatis, but not for the other agents. Evidence of acute infection with C. pneumoniae was found in 20 patients and evidence of an acute infection with M. pneumoniae in 29 patients. C. pneumoniae was associated with 9% and M. pneumoniae with 11% of 149 pneumonias diagnosed clinically, and with 20% and 22%, respectively, of the 59 pneumonias confirmed on chest radiograph. There was no evidence of seasonality in C. pneumoniae or M. pneumoniae infections. Compared with patients with M. pneumoniae, patients with C. pneumoniae were less likely to have a temperature greater than 37.8 degrees C (10% vs. 34%), but were more likely to present with a sore throat (80% vs. 52%) or hoarseness (30% vs. 3%). The mean number of days from onset of symptoms until enrollment was longer in patients with C. pneumoniae infections than in those with M. pneumoniae (12.8 vs. 7.9 days), or those with a viral infection (12.8 vs. 7.3 days), suggesting a more gradual onset of disease caused by C. pneumoniae.
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PMID:Chlamydia pneumoniae strain TWAR, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, and viral infections in acute respiratory disease in a university student health clinic population. 237 5

Eighty-nine of 150 patients having a Monospot test filled out a questionnaire about their illness, and the General Health Questionnaire. They completed a follow-up questionnaire 6 months later. Twelve (8%) had a positive Monospot. Twenty-eight of 83 serum samples tested (34%) were positive for VP1 enteroviral antigen. Forty of the patients had a self limiting illness, 13 had a definite diagnosis (excepting glandular fever), 14 had a possible postviral syndrome, 10 had recurrent sore throats/flu, and 12 had a chronic non-specific illness. Patients with a specific diagnosis were less likely to complain of aching muscles/joints, sore throat, tiredness or loss of concentration. Their GHQ scores were lower, although this just failed to reach significance (P = 0.08), and they scored significantly lower on the somatic symptoms subscale (P = 0.022). Overall 72% scored above the GHQ threshold for 'psychological caseness' which is higher than in other studies. Sixty-five per cent of the sample questioned at 6 months felt that their illness started with a viral infection. The methodological problems involved in making a diagnosis of postviral syndrome are discussed.
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PMID:Postviral syndrome--how can a diagnosis be made? A study of patients undergoing a Monospot test. 239 56

In a prospective study 43 consecutive children in hospital, aged between 6 months and 7 years and displaying at least one of the clinical signs of infectious mononucleosis (IM), were investigated for Epstein-Barr (EB) virus-specific IgM antibodies by an indirect immunofluorescence test. On this basis EB virus infection was considered confirmed in 8 patients, each of whom had IgM antibodies in the initial serum sample. In one additional patient, IgM antibodies were only detected in a second sample. The IgM antibodies disappeared with 3-11 weeks. Assessment of IgG antibodies had no diagnostic value in the acute phase of IM. Clinically the 3 youngest children, about 1 year of age, were diagnosed as having pneumonia or hepatitis, the 5 other consecutive patients as having IM. Hepatosplenomegaly was fairly frequently associated with IM, while sore throat, lymphadenopathy, and rash were often signs of other diseases. Only the oldest child had heterophil antibodies. Atypical lymphocytes (greater than 10%) were present in 4 of the 9 IM cases and were seen in children with other diseases as well. Our data stress the importance of measuring EB virus-specific IgM antibodies in order to diagnose IM in early childhood.
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PMID:Primary Epstein-Barr virus infection in early childhood. 625 87

The approach to the adolescent with sore throat requires few diagnostic tools: an accurate history, a good physical examination and the ability to perform simple laboratory tests such as complete blood count, a test for heterophile antibody and a throat culture. The majority of adolescent patients with a sore throat require only symptomatic relief for what is probably a short lived viral infection of the upper respiratory tract.
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PMID:Sore throats in adolescents. 716 31

A 60-year-old woman who was previously in good health presented with a sore throat, fever, and a flu-like syndrome. Treated initially with acetaminophen and fluids for a presumed viral infection, she had a syncopal episode 4 days later, was admitted to the hospital, and died 3 hours after admission. Laboratory test results suggested sepsis with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), whereas blood cultures grew group A beta-hemolytic streptococci. A postmortem diagnosis of streptococcal toxic shock syndrome was established. It was of particular interest that the pulmonary microcirculation was filled with thrombi that contained numerous gram-positive cocci. Although death from sepsis with DIC is not uncommon, septic pulmonary thrombosis has not been previously described. We speculate that this paradox may reflect unique properties of the virulent strains of Streptococcus pyogenes that are associated with streptococcal toxic shock syndrome.
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PMID:Septic pulmonary thrombosis in streptococcal toxic shock syndrome. 755 52

There was an outbreak of "a mysterious disease" at a Zambian school dormitory in September, 1993. Investigation with questionnaire and collection of throat swab specimens for virus isolation were carried out on 46 patients to identify the causative agent. In this outbreak, most of the patients showed similar symptoms such as fever, headache, sore throat, cough, etc. The disease had spread to all dormitories within a couple of days after the onset of the first cases. From these patients, 13 influenza viruses A/H3N2 were isolated on MDCK cell line. This was a first ever confirmed outbreak of influenza virus infection in Zambia.
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PMID:An outbreak of influenza A/H3N2 in a Zambian school dormitory. 779 73

Poliomyelitis is an acute viral disease that attacks the brain and the ventral horn of the spinal cord. Damage to the lower motor neurons usually results in atrophy and weakness of muscle groups, perhaps paralysis and possibly deformity. A second type, bulbar poliomyelitis, infects the medulla oblongata and may result in dysfunction of the swallowing mechanism along with respiratory and circulatory distress. Minor forms of poliomyelitis result in fever, sore throat, headache, and upper body stiffness, but leave no significant atrophy or paralysis. The purpose of this paper is to review post-polio syndrome (PPS) as well as the effect of exercise on the symptoms and morphologic adaptations to PPS and where future research efforts should be directed. The most common features of PPS for over 350,000 afflicted survivors include general fatigue, weakness, and joint/muscle pain. The primary reasons for these symptoms include 1) destruction of the anterior horn cells by the polio virus, leaving fewer motor neurons to induce muscle contraction; 2) unaffected motor unit enlargement by reinnervation through terminal sprouting; and 3) defective transmission at the neuromuscular junction secondary to failure of terminal axonal sprout. Acute responses to resistive exercise suggest significant muscle strength decrements in the knee extensors compared with similar aged people without polio. However, limited training investigation indicates significant strength increases for the knee extensors following at least 6 wk of training. Acute aerobic responses also differ significantly from those observed in aged-matched control subjects. Chronic aerobic responses to limited training studies suggest significant elevations in maximal oxygen uptake.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Poliomyelitis and the post-polio syndrome: exercise capacities and adaptation--current research, future directions, and widespread applicability. 847

Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is often preceded by a viral illness and has recurrent "flu-like" symptoms. We compared demographic, clinical, and laboratory features (markers of inflammation and viral infection) among 717 patients with chronic fatigue (CF) with and without a self-reported postinfectious onset to identify associated clinical and biologic findings and to examine the subset of patients with CFS. Only subjective fever, chills, sore throat, lymphadenopathy, poorer functional status, and attribution of illness to a physical condition were significantly associated with a postinfectious onset. The features of patients with CFS were virtually identical to those of the broader category of patients with CF. We conclude that a postinfectious onset was not associated with a pattern of abnormalities across multiple psychosocial and biologic parameters.
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PMID:Postinfectious chronic fatigue: a distinct syndrome? 884 79

We determined the effect of influenza vaccine in patients with relapsing/remitting MS. Considerable controversy surrounds the question of whether to administer influenza vaccines to MS patients. Prevention of a febrile viral illness is clearly desirable in MS, and previous studies suggest that immunization is safe. Despite this, many clinicians avoid vaccination because they fear precipitating an MS exacerbation. We conducted a multicenter, prospective, randomized, double-blind trial of influenza immunization in patients with relapsing/remitting MS. In the autumn of 1993, 104 patients at five MS centers received either standard influenza vaccine or placebo. Patients were followed for 6 months for evaluation of neurologic status and the occurrence of influenza. Influenza was operationally defined as fever > or = 38 degrees C in the presence of coryza, cough, or sore throat at a time when the disease was present in the community. Attacks were defined in the standard manner, requiring objective change in the examination. Patients were examined at 4 weeks and 6 months after inoculation and were contacted by telephone at 1 week and 3 months. They were also examined at times of possible attacks but not when they were sick with flu-like illness. Three vaccine patients and two placebo patients experienced attacks within 28 days of vaccine (no significant difference). Exacerbation rates in the first month for both groups were equal to or less than expected from published series. The two groups showed no difference in attack rate or disease progression over 6 months. Influenza immunization in MS patients is neither associated with an increased exacerbation rate in the postvaccination period nor a change in disease course over the subsequent 6 months.
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PMID:A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of influenza immunization in multiple sclerosis. 937 55

Human rhinovirus (HRV) accounts for a significant portion of common-cold illness, with the peak incidence being in the early fall. Three hundred forty-six adults who had self-diagnosed colds of 48 h or less were enrolled in a study during September and October 1994 to determine the frequency and clinical course of HRV infections. Nasal wash specimens for viral culture and reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) for HRV RNA and human coronavirus OC43 and 229E RNA detection were collected on enrollment, and participants recorded their symptoms twice daily for 14 days. Middle ear pressure (MEP) was measured with a digital tympanometer on days 1 and 7. Picornaviruses (224 HRV and 7 enterovirus isolates) were detected by culture in 67% (231 of 346) of the subjects. Among 114 samples negative by culture, HRV was detected by RT-PCR in 52 (46%) for an overall picornavirus infection rate of 82% (283 of 346 subjects). Among the remaining 62 negative samples, human coronavirus RNA was detected by RT-PCR in 5 patients, so that 288 (83%) of patients had documented viral infection. The first symptom noticed most often was sore throat (40%) in HRV culture- or PCR-positive patients and stuffy nose in HRV-negative patients (27%). No differences in symptom scores over time or in the presence of individual symptoms were noted between groups. The median duration of the cold episodes was 11 days in HRV culture-positive patients, 9.5 days in HRV RT-PCR-positive patients, and 11.5 days in HRV-negative patients. On enrollment, abnormal MEPs (< or = -100 or > or = +100 mm of H2O) were found for 21% of HRV culture-positive patients, 14% of HRV RT-PCR-positive patients, and 10% of HRV-negative patients. No important differences in the clinical course of HRV culture-positive, HRV culture-negative and RT-PCR-positive, or HRV-negative colds were found. These results represent the highest frequency of virologically confirmed natural colds to date and document the importance of rhinoviruses as the cause of colds during fall months.
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PMID:Frequency and natural history of rhinovirus infections in adults during autumn. 935 Jul 48


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