Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0242429 (sore throat)
 2,760 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Lancefield group A streptococci isolated from recent outbreaks and sporadic cases of scarlet fever were restricted to the following M types 1, 3, 4, 6, 12, 18, 22 and 66. These strains were examined for the presence of streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxins (SPE) types A, B and C by isoelectric focusing in polyacrylamide gels and by immunoprecipitation in agar gels. SPE B was produced by 70% of the strains and SPE C by 40%. SPE A could not be detected in these strains. In contrast, SPE type A was found in 4 of 10 strains, held by the NCTC, that had been isolated before 1940 from patients with scarlet fever. Nine of 12 recent isolates from patients with sore throat uncomplicated by a rash produced SPE C and 4 of these also produced SPE B.
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PMID:The production of pyrogenic exotoxins by group A streptococci. 392 72

To determine whether there are major differences in the distribution of Streptococcus pyogenes serotypes in different countries and to compare the typing results obtained in different laboratories with the same cultures, an international survey of the distribution of such serotypes was carried out in 1964-65 in 12 laboratories in different parts of the world.The cultures typed were a representative selection of those causing disease in each country, were as far as possible uninfluenced by seasonal changes and local prevalences, and included separate collections from cases of scarlet fever, sore throat, and other streptococcal diseases.Typing was carried out by the T-agglutination method in 12 laboratories and by the M-precipitation method as well in 8. Between 80% and 98% of the cultures were typable by T-agglutination in the different laboratories, and between 23% and 56% by M-precipitation.Some T-agglutination patterns were associated with a single M-antigen but others included members of several M-types. The same M-antigen was rarely found in streptococci with different T-agglutination patterns. The two methods could therefore conveniently be used as a combined system of typing.Certain streptococcal types were relatively common in most countries, but there were considerable national differences in type-distribution. Separate analysis of the cultures obtained from individual streptococcal diseases showed that there were also differences in type-distribution between streptococci isolated from scarlet fever, from sore throat, and from septic lesions not associated with the respiratory tract.
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PMID:International survey of the distribution of serotypes of Streptococcus pyogenes (group A streptococci). 487 80

In man streptococcal septicaemia is most often associated with the streptococci of Lancefield's groups, A, B and D, with pneumococci, with Streptococcus milleri and with viridans streptococci. The specific determinants of the ability of streptococci to establish infection and to invade the blood stream are only partially understood. Even if fully comprehended, they would provide an incomplete picture of the factors responsible for the capacity of streptococci to produce a myriad of disease states the clinical expression of which include such diverse manifestations as acute sore throat, impetigo contagiosa, scarlet fever, erythema marginatum, St. Vitus dance, mitral stenosis, bloody urine and dental caries, to name only a few.
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PMID:Virulence factors in streptococci. 612 28

Arcanobacterium haemolyticum (A.h.) was recovered from 0.43% of throat cultures of 3715 patients with sore throat, scarlatina and various skin rash. In a 57.90% patients A.h. was the only bacterial pathogen isolated, while in the remainder beta-haemolytic streptococci, Haemophilus and S. aureus were also detected. beta-haemolytic streptococci were much more frequent than A.h. in the throat cultures (26.83%). All A.h. strains were of the smooth type based on colony morphology and the ability to ferment sucrose. The strains were susceptible to penicillins, cephalosporins, erytromycin and resistant to trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole. Pharyngeal injection in 89.47% and exanthem in 78.90% were the most common signs present to the patients.
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PMID:[Pharyngitis produced by Arcanobacterium haemolyticum]. 911 1

We described a 21-year-old Japanese patient with sore throat, fever, and diffuse erythema on the neck, trunk, and limbs. Erythema markedly appeared on the neck, axillary, antecubital, and popliteal fossae. However, other skin signs of scarlet fever such as red strawberry tongue and linear petechial eruption did not appear. Before his visit to our clinic, he had been diagnosed as pharyngitis and treated with cefaclor 750 mg daily for six days. However, the symptoms did not improve. Oral prednisolone of 20 mg daily rapidly improved all the symptoms. Pharyngeal culture grew Streptococcus pyogenes that was sensitive to cefaclor. Laboratory findings showed elevated serum levels of antibody against streptolysin O. Together with the distribution of erythema, culture of Streptococcal pyogenes, and elevated anti-streptolysin O titer, the diagnosis of baboon syndrome associated with streptococcal infection was made. This seems to be the first report of baboon syndrome due to streptococcal infection.
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PMID:A case of baboon syndrome associated with group a streptococcal infection. 1259 13

Scarlet fever was diagnosed in a girl with high fever, a sore throat and exanthema marginatum.
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PMID:[Diagnostic image (281). A girl with fever, a sore throat and a rash]. 1706 69

1. Strains of hemolytic streptococci from cases of scarlet fever occurring in New York, San Francisco, Chicago, Baltimore, and Copenhagen, Denmark, all interagglutinate with immune sera prepared with these strains. 2. Sera prepared with these strains do not agglutinate pyogenic streptococci or strains isolated from cases of septic sore throat. 3. The strains obtained from the throats of patients from an epidemic of scarlet fever and the strain from the milk responsible for this epidemic fall into the scarlatinal group according to these agglutination tests. 4. Absorption tests can be carried out with these strains and sera under proper conditions. 5. A group of hemolytic streptococci biologically distinct from streptococci from other sources than scarlet fever is constantly associated with scarlatina. They constitute a group of closely related streptococci which may be identified by agglutination tests.
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PMID:STUDIES ON THE BIOLOGY OF STREPTOCOCCUS : III. AGGLUTINATION AND ABSORPTION OF AGGLUTININ WITH STREPTOCOCCUS SCARLATINAE. 1986 13

Essential facts Scarlet fever is characterised by a rash that usually accompanies a sore throat and flushed cheeks. It is mainly a childhood illness. While this contagious disease rarely poses a danger to life today, outbreaks in the past led to many deaths.
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PMID:Scarlet fever. 2719 Dec 92

Tonsillitis is an extremely common condition, usually it is self-limiting, of viral origin, and managed conservatively in general practice. Rarely patients require inpatient management, usually when bacterial infection is present or when the cause is virulent organisms such as Epstein Barr virus. Complications can be divided into non-suppurative; sepsis, scarlet fever, rheumatic fever, glomerulonephritis and Lemierres disease, and suppurative; quinsy, parapharyngeal abscess and retropharyngeal abscess, respectively. Anecdotally, there is concern that modern medical practice that counsels vigilance against overuse of antibiotics, could lead to increased complications of tonsillitis. We report a case of an otherwise healthy man who presented with dysphagia, odynophagia and neck pain following a sore throat. Despite antibiotic treatment he developed an intramural oesophageal abscess, to our knowledge, an unreported complication of tonsillitis.
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PMID:Intramural oesophageal abscess: an unusual complication of tonsillitis. 3073 46

Secular trends in milk-borne diseases in the U.S.A. show numerous outbreaks associated with ingestion of raw milk in the early 1900s until the end of World War II. Diseases common in this period, but no longer milk-borne, were typhoid fever, scarlet fever, septic sore throat, diphtheria, tuberculosis, shigellosis, and milk sickness. Milk-borne and milk-product-borne diseases rarely reported somewhere in the world were botulism, Escherichia coli enteritis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa enteritis, listeriosis, Clostridium perfringens enteritis, Bacillus cereus gastroenteritis, Haverhill fever, Q fever, hepatitis A, poliomyelitis, toxoplasmosis, histamine intoxication and hypertension. After most milk was pasteurized, outbreaks decreased dramatically. Milk-borne diseases of contemporary importance in the U.S.A. are salmonellosis, campylobacteriosis, staphylococcal intoxication, brucellosis, and yersiniosis. These have usually been associated with ingestion of raw milk, certified raw milk, home-made ice cream containing fresh eggs, dried milk, pasteurized milk which was contaminated after heat processing, or either cheese made from raw milk or cheese in which starter activity was inhibited during its manufacture.
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PMID:Epidemiology of Milk-Borne Diseases. 3092 43


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