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Query: UMLS:C0242429 (sore throat)
 2,760 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Peritonsillar abscess is the most common complication of acute tonsillitis. Signs and symptoms include fever, unilateral sore throat, odynophagia and trismus. Optimal management consists of antibiotic therapy and drainage of the abscess. Controversy exists about the drainage procedure, which includes needle aspiration, incision and drainage, or acute tonsillectomy. Data indicate that outpatient needle aspiration, antibiotics and pain medication are effective treatment in 85 to 90 percent of patients with uncomplicated peritonsillar abscesses.
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PMID:New trends in the management of peritonsillar abscess. 219 52

Distinguishing peritonsillar abscess from cellulitis is an important clinical problem, particularly in children, who may require a general anesthetic for drainage of these abscesses. In order to identify those clinical factors most significant for peritonsillar abscess, we did a prospective study of 21 patients who presented with sore throat, fever, trismus, and tonsillar bulge; all symptoms that are consistent with the diagnosis of peritonsillar abscess. On admission, the following parameters were recorded: patient age, duration of sore throat, fever, white blood cell count, drooling, the degree of trismus (measured exactly as incisor-incisor distance), the degree of pharyngotonsillar bulge, and change in voice. After 24 to 48 hours of parenteral antibiotics, 12 patients (57%) had improved sufficiently and were continued on antibiotics until resolution (cellulitis group). Nine patients (43%) had no improvement and underwent surgery for drainage of the peritonsillar abscess (abscess group). At the end of the 18-month study period, the cellulitis and abscess groups were compared. On admission, no significant difference was found in age, duration of sore throat, fever, or white blood cell count. The pharyngotonsillar bulge was mild in 58% and moderate in 42% of the cellulitis group, while in the abscess group, the pharyngotonsillar bulge was mild in only 33% and moderate in 67%. After 24 to 48 hours of parenteral antibiotics, all patients in the cellulitis group had improvement of at least one symptom; whereas, all patients in the abscess group had no change or worsening of at least one symptom, including trismus, dysphagia, voice change, drooling, or pharyngotonsillar bulge. On admission, the precise measurement of trismus was not significantly different in the two groups (24.7 mm in cellulitis group vs. 22.5 mm in abscess group). However, after 24 hours of antibiotics, trismus averaged 7 mm more in the abscess group versus the cellulitis group (p less than 0.05).
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PMID:A clinical prospective study of peritonsillar abscess in children. 316 36

Retropharyngeal calcific tendinitis is an inflammation of the longus colli muscle tendon, which is located on the anterior surface of the vertebral column extending from the atlas to the third thoracic vertebra. Five cases of acute retropharyngeal calcific tendinitis seen in the emergency department (ED) over a 15-month period are reported. In addition, a retrospective review of four cases diagnosed as retropharyngeal abscess and admitted to the hospital revealed that two of these cases actually represented retropharyngeal calcific tendinitis. A review of the literature and potential differential diagnoses are presented. For those primary care physicians who must evaluate patients with acute cervical pain, sore throat, or odynophagia, an x-ray study of the neck revealing retropharyngeal calcium deposition should raise the question of the diagnosis of acute retropharyngeal tendinitis. Clinical characteristics of this entity include a painful condition which is treatable and is often mistaken for retropharyngeal abscess, pharyngitis, or peritonsillar abscess. In our opinion, this condition may be more prevalent than the literature suggests.
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PMID:Retropharyngeal calcific tendinitis: report of five cases and review of the literature. 346 Oct 65

Previous literature has identified uvulitis as a condition with serious implications. This report details a series of 15 patients with uvulitis whose clinical features were remarkable for a relatively benign course. This is the largest series of patients with uvulitis in the literature. The predominant symptoms were related to sore throat and pain or difficulty on swallowing. No patient had significant airway or infectious complications attributable to the uvulitis. The only patient admitted to the hospital required management of an associated peritonsillar abscess. Of the 14 patients discharged, 13 (93%) were followed-up and none required further care. Seven (50%) of the discharged patients received symptomatic treatment only, whereas the others were treated with medications including antibiotics, corticosteroids, diphenhydramine, and B-agonists. Further research into the etiology and management of uvulitis is warranted.
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PMID:Clinical characteristics of acute uvulitis. 828 73

The author observed a spontaneous rupture of an internal carotid artery aneurysm with initial manifestations of throat pain and subfebrillity. The condition was diagnosed as peritonsillar abscess. Two days later, a swelling appeared on the same side of the neck, which necessitated a revision of the primary diagnosis and acceptance of another one--a carcinoma of the palatine tonsil with metastasis. A third diagnosis was made on hospitalization--epipharyngeal carcinoma with metastasis. Physical examination disclosed an intact skin of the neck with a right-side tumefaction of a walnut size. The right tonsil was displaced anteriorly and medially. The epi- and hypopharynx were restricted. Simultaneous palpation of the displaced tonsil and the neck tumefaction showed that the lesion was single and pulsated. The pulsations were synchronous with the pulse. Contrast angiography showed an internal carotid artery aneurysm reaching the cranial base. The manifestation of the aneurysm by pains at the throat, subfebrillity, the displacement of the palatine tonsil and the appearance of a neck tumefaction were related to a spontaneous rupture. The absence of a skin lividity was most probably due to the barrier function of the neck fasciae concerning the haematoma.
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PMID:Spontaneous rupture of an internal carotid artery aneurysm diagnosed as a peritonsillar abscess, a tonsillar and epipharyngeal carcinoma with metastasis. 900 63

The clinical efficacy of procaine penicillin and sulbactam-ampicillin was compared in patients with peritonsillar abscesses after peroral abscess drainage. Forty-two patients were randomly assigned to receive either procaine penicillin or sulbactam-ampicillin intramuscularly on an outpatient basis. The mean time required for clinical symptoms (throat pain, dysphagia and fever) to resolve was compared. No statistically significant difference was found between the clinical recoveries of patients using either antibiotic (P > 0.05). The authors conclude that intramuscular procaine penicillin can be safely prescribed on an outpatient basis to most patients with peritonsillar abscess after incision and drainage. In contrast, a broader spectrum and more expensive antibiotic, such as sulbactam-ampicillin, should be reserved for non-responders.
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PMID:A comparison of procaine penicillin with sulbactam-ampicillin in the treatment of peritonsillar abscesses. 956 66

1. PTA is more common in young adults, but does occur in young children. The average age in this present series was 8 years. 2. Children with progressive sore throat, sometimes despite antibiotics, should cause suspicion of a PTA. Edema and erythema of the affected tonsil with edema of the uvula and displacement toward the opposite side are classically seen. 3. In older or more cooperative children, fine needle aspiration of the affected tonsil allows prompt diagnosis of PTA. 4. Antibiotic therapy should consist of a cephalosporin owing to high tissue concentration within the inflamed peritonsillar tissue. 5. Definitive treatment is a Quinsy tonsillectomy. Immediate tonsillectomy not only drains the abscess, but also eliminates the potential for an occult inferior pole or contralateral abscess. It also spares the child a future hospitalization and surgical procedure.
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PMID:Peritonsillar abscess (PTA) in children. 1021 61

Peritonsillar abscess, the most common deep infection of the head and neck that occurs in adults, is typically formed by a combination of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. The presenting symptoms include fever, throat pain, and trismus. Ultrasonography and computed tomographic scanning are useful in confirming a diagnosis. Needle aspiration remains the gold standard for diagnosis and treatment of peritonsillar abscess. After performing aspiration, appropriate antibiotic therapy (including penicillin, clindamycin, cephalosporins, or metronidazole) must be initiated. In advanced cases, incision and drainage or immediate tonsillectomy may be required.
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PMID:Peritonsillar abscess: diagnosis and treatment. 1238 29

We report a case of spontaneous parathyroid adenoma hemorrhage. A 50-year-old man with a sore throat, and swelling and ecchymosis of the entire anterior neck was found in cervical and chest computed tomography revealed to have a low-density area extending from the parapharyngeal region to below the carina, Suspecting descending necrotizing mediastinitis secondary to a peritonsillar abscess, we conducted mediastinal and cervical drainage, but found no abscess. No evidence was found, either, in bacteriological culture of sputum and pleural effusion. After the hematoma disappeared, cervical ultrasonography indicated parathyroid adenoma. Serum calcium was marginally increased, indicating that serum calcium should be determined if cervical or mediastinal hematoma develops without an obvious cause.
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PMID:Spontaneous parathyroid adenoma hemorrhage. 1238 9

Peritonsillar abscess is the most common deep infection of the head and neck that occurs in adults; the treatment of the disease remains controversial. A prospective study using a single high dose steroid treatment for peritonsillar abscess, was undertaken in 62 patients to determine the treatment's effectiveness in relieving symptoms such as fever, throat pain, dysphagia and trismus. All patients were randomly assigned to two groups: 28 patients received intravenous antibiotic therapy and a single dose placebo and 34 patients were treated with single use of high dose steroid in addition to intravenous antibiotic. Patients were hospitalized after needle aspiration and therefore their clinical courses and responses to therapy could be rigorously assessed. Comparison of clinical outcomes with respect to hours hospitalized, throat pain, fever, trismus were assessed between the two groups. Clinical outcomes revealed a statistically significant difference between the two groups (p < 0.01), indicating that single use of high dose steroid prior to antibiotic therapy is more effective than the use of an antibiotic alone. These results suggest that single intravenous use of steroid in addition to antibiotic therapy is an excellent choice for the management of peritonsillar abscess.
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PMID:Use of steroids in the treatment of peritonsillar abscess. 1528 62


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