Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0242429 (sore throat)
 2,760 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We report a case of solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma (SEP) of the oropharynx. A 53-year-old man presented who had had bloody phlegm and a sore throat for a few days. A mass was endoscopically detected in his right posterior oropharyngeal wall, and biopsy revealed a neoplasm consisting of a uniform population of plasma cells. Computed tomography (CT) showed a broad-based papillary soft tissue density mass projecting into the oropharynx from the right posterior wall of the pharynx, and post-contrast CT showed marked enhancement of the tumor. The tumor showed slightly higher signal intensity compared with surrounding muscle on MR Tl-weighted images (T1WI) and high signal intensity on MR T2-weighted images (T2WI). The mass showed homogeneous enhancement on post-contrast T1WI. Further clinical examination showed an absence of multiple myeloma (MM). The patient was diagnosed as having SEP. Following radiation therapy, a reduction in tumor size was observed. Although SEP is a rare tumor, it should be included in the differential diagnosis of tumors of the oropharynx because of its imaging similarities to other, more common malignant tumors, such as squamous cell carcinoma and lymphoma.
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PMID:CT and MRI findings of a solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma of the oropharynx: case report. 1655 68

The rare occurrence of an inflammatory mucocele in a pneumatized anterior clinoid process is described. The patient, a 20-year-old woman, presented with a severe visual field defect in her right eye associated with abnormality in the right anterior clinoid process identified on computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Initially, surgical intervention was recommended for resection of a possible neoplasm. The patient's clinical history, however, was significant for sinusitis accompanied by sore throat and right ear infection that resolved with oral antibiotic therapy. When her condition was evaluated approximately 1 month after the onset of her visual symptoms, the patient had regained full visual acuity in the affected eye. Surgical exploration was not required, and the patient's optic neuropathy reversed with appropriate antibiotic therapy.
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PMID:Anterior clinoidal mucocele causing optic neuropathy: resolution with nonsurgical therapy. Case report. 1756 86

Isodon xerophilus has been used as a herbal cold tea for the prevention and treatment of sore throat and inflammation in southernwestern China. A phytochemical study on the ethyl acetate (EtOAc) soluble fraction of I. xerophilus leaves led to the isolation of two new ent-kauranoids, xerophinoids A (1) and B (2), together with 14 known diterpenoids. The structures of xerophinoids A (1) and B (2) were illustrated using spectroscopic methods including 1D and 2D NMR analyses. To study their biological activities, the effects of xerophinoids A (1) and B (2) on nitrite production, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and interleukin (IL)-1beta were examined. In addition, xerophinoids A (1) and B (2) also exhibited potent cytotoxicity against several human tumor cell lines (IC50 < 11 microM), but they had no toxicity on human T-lymphocyte (C8166).
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PMID:Isolation of two bioactive ent-kauranoids from the leaves of Isodon xerophilus. 1759 8

The patient was a 63-year-old Japanese male who came to the hospital with a chief complaint of a sore throat. Hypopharyngeal carcinoma (T4N2bM0, stage IVA) was diagnosed, and at the strong request of the patient he was treated by chemoradiotherapy. The tumor markedly decreased in size, but atrial fibrillation was detected when an ECG was performed in preparation for planned a scheduled re-biopsy of the hypopharynx. The echocardiography findings and result of a myocardial biopsy led to a diagnosis of cardiac metastasis by the hypopharyngeal carcinoma. Metastasis by head and neck malignancies is rare, and it is extremely rare for a confirmed diagnosis to be made while the patient is still alive. The case is described together with some discussion of the published literature.
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PMID:[Cardiac metastasis by hypopharyngeal carcinoma. Case report]. 1763 16

A salivary fistula is a relatively uncommon but troublesome complication after parotid surgery. Most cases are self-limiting and respond well to conservative therapy (compression dressings). However, this treatment may require weeks before its effect becomes evident. We present the first report of direct administration of botulinum toxin type A as an effective primary treatment for an acute salivary fistula after parotid surgery, in the absence of other, more conservative treatment. A 47-year-old man with a 7-day history of sore throat was found to have a parapharyngeal tumor originating from the deep lobe of the parotid gland. He underwent tumor removal via a trans-paroticocervical approach. However, on postoperative day 7, the patient was noted to have massive salivary discharge from the surgical incision during a meal. We administered a transcutaneous botulinum toxin type A injection without a pressure dressing. One day after the injection, the salivary discharge from the incision line disappeared completely and there was no evidence of recurrent sialorrhea in the 6 months following the procedure. This report suggests that the injection of botulinum toxin type A is a highly effective and relatively safe primary method of treatment for an acute postparotidectomy salivary fistula, and not merely an alternative to more conservative therapy.
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PMID:Treatment of an acute salivary fistula after parotid surgery: botulinum toxin type A injection as primary treatment. 1770 32

A 66-year-old man visited complaining of cough and sore throat. He had been exposed to asbestos 43 years ago. Chest X-ray revealed left pleural effusion and abnormal shadow in the right lung field. Chest computed tomography (CT) showed multiple enhanced nodules in the right pleural cavity. Abdominal CT showed a 3-cm enhanced tumor in the lower pole of the left kidney. Left radical nephrectomy was performed. Pathological diagnosis was renal cell carcinoma. Postoperatively pleural biopsy was performed by using thoracoscopy. White plaque was seen at the costal pleura and surface of lung. Pathological diagnosis was malignant pleural mesothelioma based on using mesothelium-associated antibodies: calretinin (+), CK5/6 (+), D2-40 (+), HBME-1 (+), TTF-1 (-), MOC31 (-), CEA (-). Combination therapy (extrapleural pneumonectomy, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy) was initiated. Malignant mesothelioma is a devastating neoplasm with a strong etiological relationship with asbestos exposure. The incidence is rising in industrialized countries, with the peak expected in the year 2020. However, renal cell carcinoma with malignant pleural mesothelioma is very rare and this is the 2nd case in the Japanese literature.
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PMID:[Renal cell carcinoma with malignant pleural mesothelioma after asbestos exposure: a case report]. 1805 6

Rhabdomyosarcoma is relatively seen in the pediatric age group with the head and neck region as the commonest site. To the best of our knowledge, few cases of laryngeal involvement in adult have been described in the literature. Biologically, rhabdomyosarcoma is different from squamous cell carcinoma, which is the commonest tumor of the larynx. A previously healthy non-smoker 77-year-old lady presented to the ENT outpatient with a six weeks history of intermittent alteration of voice quality. She had no history of sore throat, or any symptoms suggesting laryngo-pharyngeal reflux. Examination showed asymmetry of the left arytenoid cartilage and aryepiglottic fold. She subsequently had a direct laryngoscopy and biopsy. Histology and immunohistochemistry examination suggested the diagnosis of mesenchymal neoplasm. Following discussion at MDT she subsequently had a total laryngectomy. Histology confirmed a completely excised laryngeal rhabdomyosarcoma. Rhabdomyosarcoma of larynx in adult is a rare disease. Surgical treatment with or without adjuvant radiotherapy is currently the treatment of choice for this disease.
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PMID:Adult laryngeal rhabdomyosarcoma: report of a case and literature review. 1835 45

A 65-year-old woman with a sore throat and cough suddenly collapsed. She regained spontaneous circulation following resuscitation, but hypoxic encephalopathy was identified. Her vocal cords and the results of chest radiography were normal and no obstructive mass was identified in the neck on computed tomography (CT), but she demonstrated signs of obstructive upper airway. Bronchoscopy revealed tracheal stenosis. Chest CT showed tracheal compression by an esophageal tumor. Investigation of the trachea and surrounding organs by bronchoscopy and CT is important even when a patient with suspected respiratory arrest displays normal findings on chest radiography.
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PMID:Sudden asphyxial cardiac arrest due to esophageal cancer. 1837 56

Endoscopic cryotherapy is a new technique for ablation of esophageal dysplasia and neoplasia. Preliminary studies have shown it to be safe and effective for this indication. The objective of this study is to characterize safety, tolerability, and efficacy of low-pressure liquid nitrogen endoscopic spray cryotherapy ablation in a large cohort across multiple study sites. Parallel prospective treatment studies at four tertiary care academic medical centers in the U.S. assessed spray cryotherapy in patients with Barrett's esophagus with or without dysplasia, early stage esophageal cancer, and severe squamous dysplasia who underwent cryotherapy ablation of the esophagus. All patients were contacted between 1 and 10 days after treatment to assess for side effects and complications of treatment. The main outcome measurement was the incidence of serious adverse events and side effects from treatment. Complete response for high-grade dysplasia (HGD) (CR-HGD), all dysplasia (CR-D), intestinal metaplasia (CR-IM) and cancer (CR-C) were assessed in patients completing therapy during the study period. A total of 77 patients were treated for Barrett's high-grade dysplasia (58.4%), intramucosal carcinoma (16.9%), invasive carcinoma (13%), Barrett's esophagus without dysplasia (9.1%), and severe squamous dysplasia (2.6%). Twenty-two patients (28.6%) reported no side effects throughout treatment. In 323 procedures, the most common complaint was chest pain (17.6%) followed by dysphagia (13.3%), odynophagia (12.1%), and sore throat (9.6%). The mean duration of any symptoms was 3.6 days. No side effects were reported in 48% of the procedures (155/323). Symptoms did not correlate with age, gender, diagnosis, or to treatment early versus late in the patient's or site's experience. Logit analysis showed that symptoms were greater in those with a Barrett's segment of 6 cm or longer. Gastric perforation occurred in one patient with Marfan's syndrome. Esophageal stricture developed in three, all successfully treated with dilation. In 17 HGD patients, cryotherapy produced CR-HGD, CR-D, and CR-IM of 94%, 88%, and 53%, respectively. Complete regression of cancer and HGD was seen in all seven patients with intramucosal carcinoma or stage I esophageal cancer. Endoscopic spray cryotherapy ablation using low-pressure liquid nitrogen in the esophagus is safe, well-tolerated, and efficacious.
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PMID:Safety, tolerability, and efficacy of endoscopic low-pressure liquid nitrogen spray cryotherapy in the esophagus. 1951 83

Marfan syndrome (MFS) is caused by mutations in the gene encoding fibrillin. A 35-year-old man with MFS visited a local physician because of a sore throat. His left tonsil gradually became swollen and he was referred to our department. Histopathological examination of tonsil biopsy specimens showed diffuse proliferation of lymphoma cells with large nuclei. The tumor cells showed CD5+, CD10+, CD20+, BCL-6+, and MUM-1-. Based on these findings, the patient was diagnosed with CD5+ CD10+ diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Chemotherapy combined with rituximab was administered and complete response was achieved. CD5+ DLBCL comprises approximately 5 approximately 10% of DLBCLs. In addition, CD5+ CD10+ DLBCL comprises about 5% of CD5+ DLBCLs. There may be a relationship between MFS and B-cell lymphoma because mutations in the gene encoding the receptor of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of MFS and downregulation of TGF-beta receptor expression has been described in the pathology of B-cell lymphoma.
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PMID:[Marfan syndrome complicated with CD5+ CD10+ diffuse large B-cell lymphoma]. 2037 14


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