Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0242429 (sore throat)
 2,760 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In the course of a prospective immunoepidemiological study of homosexual men in Sydney, seroconversion to the AIDS-associated retrovirus (ARV) was observed in 12 subjects. Review of the clinical files defined an acute infectious-mononucleosis-like illness in 11 subjects. The illness was of sudden onset, lasted from 3 to 14 days, and was associated with fevers, sweats, malaise, lethargy, anorexia, nausea, myalgia, arthralgia, headaches, sore throat, diarrhoea, generalised lymphadenopathy, a macular erythematous truncal eruption, and thrombocytopenia. In 1 subject an incubation period of 6 days after presumed exposure to ARV was determined and in 3 subjects seroconversion took place 19, 32, and 56 days after onset. Comparison of T-cell subsets before and after the acute illness showed inversion of T4:T8 ratio in 8 subjects, due to increased numbers of circulating T8+ cells. These findings support the notion of an acute clinical, immunological, and serological response to infection with ARV which should be considered in the differential diagnosis of mononucleosis-like syndromes in groups at high risk for the development of AIDS.
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PMID:Acute AIDS retrovirus infection. Definition of a clinical illness associated with seroconversion. 285 99

Acyclovir (ACV), which effectively inhibits in vitro Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) production, was tested in 31 patients with clinical and laboratory diagnosis of infectious mononucleosis (IM) in a double-blind trial. Patients with symptoms not exceeding 7 days were randomised to intravenous ACV 10 mg/kg or placebo (PLO) treatment every 8 h for 7 days. Clinical, virological and immunological parameters were followed in each patient before, during and after treatment. There were no significant differences (p greater than 0.05) between the treatment groups for any single clinical symptom between the treatment groups. If data concerning duration of fever, weight loss, tonsillar swelling, sore throat and patient self-assessment of general health were combined, a significant effect (p less than or equal to 0.01) favouring ACV treatment was determined. ACV significantly inhibited oropharyngeal EBV shedding (p less than or equal to 0.001), but the salivary EBV titer returned within 3 weeks after cessation of treatment. Specific cellular and humoral immunity was not affected, nor was the development of virus latency.
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PMID:Acyclovir treatment in primary Epstein-Barr virus infection. A double-blind placebo-controlled study. 300 26

The EBV-specific antibody patterns of infectious mononucleosis (IM) patients were analyzed in relation to the onset of symptoms and clinical parameters during the acute phase of the disease. The antibody patterns varied considerably on admission. Three groups of patients were identified: one had not yet attained peak antibody titers, the second was at the peak and the third had passed the peak pattern. Patients with a "peak" current pattern had significantly higher lymphocyte counts, ASAT, ALAT, serum IgG and serum IgA concentrations than patients of the third group. Unexpectedly, there was no difference between the groups with regard to duration of sore throat and general malaise before admission. It thus seems that the lymphocyte proliferation during IM closely parallels the course of the EBV-specific antibody responses, whereas the onset of IM does not closely correlate to a specific stage of the antibody pattern.
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PMID:Differences in EBV-specific antibody patterns at onset of infectious mononucleosis. 300 9

The IgA anti-EBV (Epstein-Barr virus) response during the course of IM (infectious mononucleosis) was investigated. The IgA anti-VCA (viral capsid antigen) response was found not to be restricted to the early acute phase of the EBV infection as is the IgM anti-VCA response. Some patients with normal total serum IgA levels did not respond with measurable EBV specific IgA. These patients and those with low titers of IgA anti-VCA had shorter duration of sore throat than responders with high titers indicative of a strong correlation between the IgA anti-VCA titers and the duration of sore throat. In this way the EBV specific IgA response is unique since recent observations show that local oropharyngeal symptoms during IM appear poorly synchronized with the IgM and the IgG antibody responses. As EB virus is excreted into the oropharynx during IM, antigens are available for local EBV immunization. The results of the present study imply a possible local immunization process as a positive correlation was found between serum IgA anti-VCA and total salivary IgA.
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PMID:IgA antibodies to Epstein-Barr virus in infectious mononucleosis. 301 Apr 47

The efficacy of tinidazole was studied in 24 patients with infectious mononucleosis (IM), 13 of whom were randomized for 5 days of tinidazole treatment and 11 for control without placebo. In judging the comparability of the 2 groups not only was the distribution of confounding factors such as age, sex or duration of symptoms before admission considered, but also the distribution of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) serological stage at entry. In these respects the groups were well matched. The duration of sore throat and pharyngotonsillitis after admission was significantly shorter for the patients treated with tinidazole than for the controls. Orosomucoid and lactodehydrogenase concentrations normalized more readily in IM patients with a short duration of sore throat after admission and in patients treated with tinidazole compared to those with a long duration of sore throat and to the tinidazole controls. Clinical and laboratory findings were thus parallel and showed a clinical effect of tinidazole, believed to be mediated via the well-known activity of this drug against anaerobic bacteria. The EBV serological stage of each patient at entry could not predict the duration of symptoms. The results showed that the course of the angina was not primarily dependent on the virus host interaction but probably on other factors, still unknown. One such factor could be the balance between the mucosal defence and the normal oropharyngeal microflora.
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PMID:Evidence of tinidazole interference in the oropharyngeal inflammatory process during infectious mononucleosis. 302 84

The authors present data from four patients with acute heterophil-negative mononucleosis-like illnesses who were initially thought to have primary Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infections but eventually were shown to be seroconverting to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Widespread lymphadenopathy and blood smears indistinguishable from those typically encountered in the acute phase of infectious mononucleosis were present in all cases. There were also varying combinations of fever, sore throat, and malaise, as well as mild abnormalities of hepatic function and elevated cold agglutinins (anti-I). Anti-HIV was detected by both enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blot techniques in all cases, with increasing titers noted in two of three serially studied cases. In one patient, a dual infection with the hepatitis B virus was also documented. Diagnostic possibilities in patients with acute mononucleosis-like illnesses dominated by prominent lymphadenopathy should include primary seroconversions to HIV.
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PMID:Heterophil-negative mononucleosis-like illnesses with atypical lymphocytosis in patients undergoing seroconversions to the human immunodeficiency virus. 339 57

A detailed clinicopathologic analysis of 30 patients with sporadic fatal infectious mononucleosis and 31 males with fatal infectious mononucleosis and the X-linked lymphoproliferative syndrome was performed to determine the extent of hepatic dysfunction in these cases. At death, the median age of patients with sporadic infectious mononucleosis was 10.7 yr vs. 2.4 yr for X-linked lymphoproliferative syndrome. The median survival time was 8 wk for sporadic infectious mononucleosis and only 4 wk for X-linked lymphoproliferative syndrome. The male to female ratio was 3:2 in sporadic infectious mononucleosis; all patients with X-linked lymphoproliferative syndrome were males. Fever, sore throat, lymphadenopathy, hepatomegaly, and splenomegaly were prominent findings. Hepatic dysfunction was uniformly present and caused death in 13 of 30 sporadic infectious mononucleosis cases and 18 of 31 X-linked lymphoproliferative syndrome cases. Diagnosis of infectious mononucleosis was confirmed by heterophile antibody titers or Monospot, Epstein-Barr virus antibody studies, viral culture, molecular hybridization studies, clinical and histologic findings, and pedigree analysis.
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PMID:Hepatitis in fatal infectious mononucleosis. 367 38

Fever was a constant feature in 28 subjects with spontaneous mononucleosis due to cytomegalovirus and lasted 15 days or more in almost all cases (26/28). Blood mononucleosis and biochemical hepatic disorders were virtually always present but appeared later, so that the fever was initially thought to be "isolated". Splenomegaly was found in 39.3 p. cent of the cases. Skin rashes developed in 5 patients who had received ampicillin. Non-specific immunological abnormalities were detected in 8 of the 13 patients in whom they were looked for. The diagnosis was established by serological tests, which showed either a significant rise in, or (in patients seen at a late stage of the disease) high, sustained antibodies titers. The virus was found in blood in seven patients among the fourteen in whom it was looked for. We believe that these findings in otherwise healthy subjects could be termed "primary infection". The condition invariably followed a favourable course in the absence of any treatment. Contrary to what is observed in infectious mononucleosis, there was no sore throat and the Paul-Bunnel Davidsohn test always gave negative results.
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PMID:[Spontaneous mononucleosis due to cytomegalovirus in otherwise healthy subjects. Prospective study of 28 cases (author's transl)]. 625 32

In a prospective study 43 consecutive children in hospital, aged between 6 months and 7 years and displaying at least one of the clinical signs of infectious mononucleosis (IM), were investigated for Epstein-Barr (EB) virus-specific IgM antibodies by an indirect immunofluorescence test. On this basis EB virus infection was considered confirmed in 8 patients, each of whom had IgM antibodies in the initial serum sample. In one additional patient, IgM antibodies were only detected in a second sample. The IgM antibodies disappeared with 3-11 weeks. Assessment of IgG antibodies had no diagnostic value in the acute phase of IM. Clinically the 3 youngest children, about 1 year of age, were diagnosed as having pneumonia or hepatitis, the 5 other consecutive patients as having IM. Hepatosplenomegaly was fairly frequently associated with IM, while sore throat, lymphadenopathy, and rash were often signs of other diseases. Only the oldest child had heterophil antibodies. Atypical lymphocytes (greater than 10%) were present in 4 of the 9 IM cases and were seen in children with other diseases as well. Our data stress the importance of measuring EB virus-specific IgM antibodies in order to diagnose IM in early childhood.
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PMID:Primary Epstein-Barr virus infection in early childhood. 625 87

Twelve renal transplant patients with lymphoproliferative disorders (LPDs) were studied. Two clinical patterns were identified: (1) Young patients present with an infectious mononucleosis-like illness with fever, sore throat, and lymphadenopathy soon after transplantation or antirejection therapy. Many organs are ultimately involved, and the clinical course is one of a rapidly fatal LPD. (2) Older patients present a longer time after transplantation with symptoms of solid tumors involving the central nervous system, oropharynx, liver, or small bowel. The clinical course is slower, but it is progressive and fatal. Morphologically these LPDs can all be classified as polymorphic diffuse B-cell hyperplasia (PDBH) or polymorphic diffuse B-cell lymphoma (PBL). Cell marker studies in four patients demonstrated a polyclonal B-cell proliferation. Transition from a polyclonal B-cell proliferation to a monoclonal tumor may occur. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) specific antibody titers, anticomplement immunofluorescence staining of tumors for the presence of the Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen (EBNA), and EBV complementary ribonucleic acid (cRNA)/deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) hybridization and vDNA/DNA reassociation analysis implicate EBV as the probable etiologic agent in these disorders. Successful management of these lethal LPDs may depend on discontinuation of immunosuppression and removal of the allograft. Antiviral therapy, however, may prove to be useful.
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PMID:The Epstein-Barr virus in the pathogenesis of posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorders. Clinical, pathologic, and virologic correlation. 626 59


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