Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0242379 (lung cancer)
 71,905 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Between August 1985 and September 1989, 62 patients with medically inoperable or surgically unresectable, non-small cell lung cancer were treated with both external beam radiotherapy and high dose rate bronchial brachytherapy. Treatment consisted of external beam radiotherapy (5000-6000 cGy in 5-6 1/2 weeks) and weekly high dose rate bronchial brachytherapy (three to five fractions, 500 cGy at 1 cm from the source) delivered either concurrently or sequentially. Median survival for all patients was 13 months (m). Stage I and Stage IIIA-B patients had median survivals of 20 m and 10 m, respectively. Patients without nodal disease (No) had a significantly longer median survival compared to patients with regional node metastases (N1-3), 17 m versus 9 m. A total of 54 patients were evaluable for local tumor control analysis. Local tumor control was achieved in six of eight patients who had a normal pre-treatment radiograph. Patients with measurable tumor on the pre-treatment radiograph and negative regional nodes had local tumor control in eight of twenty-two (36%) cases. In patients with regional lymphadenopathy, loco-regional tumor control was achieved in four of eight cases. Additionally, there were sixteen patients with non-measurable tumor due to associated effusion, atelectasis and/or infiltrate. Four of these (25%) were considered to have local tumor control. Of 60 evaluable patients, there were nine occurrences of fatal hemorrhage, one of whom was disease-free (NED) at autopsy. The remaining eight patients had either clinical or pathological evidence of recurrent or persistent tumor. Patients who had follow up bronchoscopies were found to have varying degrees of concentric narrowing in the treated areas. One such patient had total lung collapse with no evidence of tumor. While this form of treatment may yield high local control rates in earlier stages, this study suggests the potential risk of fatal complication. Additional studies are warranted to further investigate the use of this modality in the treatment of lung cancer.
 ...
PMID:Treatment of non-small cell lung cancer with external beam radiotherapy and high dose rate brachytherapy. 157 23

The outcome of thirty-seven patients with a post-resection locoregional recurrence of non-small cell lung cancer treated with radiation therapy alone between 1979 and 1989 was compared to that of 759 patients with unresected non-small cell lung cancer also treated with standard radiation during the same period. Each patient's locoregional recurrence was staged using the current American Joint Committee on Cancer staging system. Comparison of pretreatment characteristics between the two groups, including age, sex, extent of weight loss, performance status, stage, and histologic subtype revealed fewer patients with greater than 5% weight loss (35 vs. 47%, p = 0.04) and more cases with squamous histology (54 vs. 28%, p = 0.01) among the patients with locoregional recurrences than those with newly diagnosed lesions. Over 80% of both groups had clinical stage III lesions. The median radiation doses were 56 and 59 Gy for recurrent and newly diagnosed cases (p = NS). For the patients with locoregional recurrences, the median time from resection to recurrence was 13 months (range: 3-118 months), and the recurrences were predominantly nodal in 25 cases, chest wall/pleural in four and at the bronchial stump in eight. When measured from the date of documented recurrence, the median survival time and 2-year actuarial survival rate of the patients with recurrent lesions were 12 months and 22%, as compared to 12 months and 26% for the newly diagnosed patients (p = NS). Freedom from documented locoregional tumor progression at 2 years was 30% for both groups. Patients with bronchial stump lesions had superior survival to those with nodal or chest wall recurrences, with a median survival time of 36 versus 9 months. A therapeutic approach to selected patients with post-resection locoregional recurrence of non-small cell lung cancer equally aggressive to that for newly diagnosed lung cancer patients is justified by these results, especially for patients with bronchial stump recurrences.
 ...
PMID:Should patients with post-resection locoregional recurrence of lung cancer receive aggressive therapy? 132 98

Twenty-five of 108 lung cancer patients who underwent resection had cytologically positive pleural effusions. The rate at which cancer cells were detected was not related to the amount of the effusion. Almost one third of patients with cancer cells in effusion were alive at the end of the third postoperative year, provided that the pleura itself was free of metastasis at the time of operation. Correlation of the cytologically positive rate of pleural effusion (Y) with the degree of pleural metastasis (X1), the degree of pleural involvement (X2), or the degree of nodal involvement (X3) was analyzed using the Hayashi's quantification method type I. The multiple correlation coefficient was 0.843. Partial correlation coefficients of X1, X2, and X3 were 0.733, 0.446, and 0.653, respectively. Pleural metastasis had the strongest effect on the cytologically positive rate of pleural effusion.
 ...
PMID:Cytologic assessment of peroperative pleural effusion and prognosis in lung cancer patients who underwent resection. 148 43

There are no definite criteria for the indication of surgery in lung cancer with mediastinal lymph node involvement. During the past 20 years, 100 patients (76 patients with adenocarcinoma and 24 patients with squamous cell carcinoma) have undergone thoracotomy for lung cancer with mediastinoscopic positive lymph nodes at our hospital. Of these, relatively curative resection was performed on 13 patients. The 5-year survival rate in these 13 patients was 28%, which was significantly higher than the 0% in 42 patients with relatively non-curative resection and the 0% in 26 patients with absolutely non-curative resection. The 5-year survival rate was 9% in both T1 (n = 14) patients and T2 (n = 37) patients. No T3 (n = 21) and T4 (n = 9) patients survived 3 years. The 5 year survival rate in patients with squamous cell carcinoma was 12% and that in patients with adenocarcinoma was 0%, but there was no significant difference. The survival rates of T1 and T2 patients were significantly higher than that of T3 patients (p less than 0.02 and p less than 0.005) respectively. Contralateral mediastinal lymph node metastasis (N3) was observed significantly more frequently in patients with adenocarcinoma (38%) than in those with squamous cell carcinoma (13%), but there was no significant difference in the survival rate. In N2 patients, the survival rate was compared between those with mediastinal nodal involvement of an early stage (N2-1) and those with lymph node metastasis of more advanced stage (N2-2) according to the lobe bearing the primary cancer.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:[Surgical treatment of lung cancer with mediastinoscopic positive lymph nodes]. 163 41

Since 1973, the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) has staged and stratified patients in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) protocols according to the RTOG staging system. In 1985, the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) revised its lung cancer staging system, with the principle differences from the RTOG system being the staging of involvement of the chest wall and of contralateral mediastinal and hilar lymph nodes. To determine if the AJCC system discriminated outcome differently than the RTOG system in a nonoperative series, all 850 evaluable patients treated with hyperfractionated radiation therapy (RT) on the RTOG protocol 83-11 were restaged by the AJCC system. There was 67% agreement in patient distribution between the following comparable stages in each system: RTOG Stage II/AJCC Stage II; RTOG Stage III/AJCC Stage IIIA; and RTOG Stage IV/AJCC Stage IIIB. Both systems successfully predicted for survival (P less than 0.001), although the RTOG staging was more discriminating (relative risk ratios, 1.59 versus 1.38). Among the 507 favorable patients (those with less than or equal to 5% weight loss and Karnofsky performance status [KPS] of 70 to 100), the RTOG staging was also more predictive (P = 0.004 versus P = 0.01). When RTOG Stage III (462 patients) was divided into those without contralateral mediastinal or hilar adenopathy (AJCC Stage II/IIIA) and those with (AJCC Stage IIIB), a significant survival (P = 0.0001) was noted with 2-year survival rates of 26% versus 4%, respectively. When AJCC Stage IIIA (348 patients) was divided into the patients without chest wall invasion (RTOG Stage II/III) and those with (RTOG Stage IV), a difference in 2-year survival of 22% versus 10% was observed (P = 0.002). Although both staging systems independently predict for survival, a fusion of both staging systems is the most discriminating of outcome. Future nonoperative studies in locally advanced NSCLC should stratify for contralateral nodal involvement (per AJCC staging) and chest wall invasion (per RTOG staging).
 ...
PMID:Comparison of the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group and American Joint Committee on Cancer staging systems among patients with non-small cell lung cancer receiving hyperfractionated radiation therapy. A report of the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group protocol 83-11. 164 32

The present study examines the relationship between neuroendocrine (NE) differentiation and the clinical behaviour of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Retrospective (n = 315) and prospective (n = 44) cohorts of non-small cell tumours were obtained from surgically treated cases of lung cancer, comprising 218 squamous cell carcinomas, 65 adenocarcinomas, 51 adenosquamous carcinomas, and 25 large cell undifferentiated carcinomas. Paraffin wax embedded and fresh frozen tissue sections were stained for the NE markers neurone specific enolase, creatine kinase-BB, bombesin, neurotensin, chromogranin A, synaptophysin and UJ-13A. The expression of two or more markers was observed in 30% of cases, and was taken to identify NE-NSCLC. A statistically significant correlation between nodal status and NE differentiation (P = 0.05), and disease stage and NE differentiation (P = 0.04) was observed. However, there was no correlation between NE differentiation and survival. These findings suggest that NE-NSCLC, analogous to SCLC is more highly metastatic than non-NE-NSCLC.
 ...
PMID:Neuroendocrine differentiation and clinical behaviour in non-small cell lung tumours. 165 75

Chest wall invasion by bronchogenic carcinoma is found in 5% of all cases of pulmonary carcinoma. During the last 3 years, 11 cases of lung cancer with chest wall involvement have been encountered at the Jackson Veterans Administration Medical Center. We reviewed these cases to reassess the role of concomitant resection of the lung and chest wall. From this experience, we have concluded that (1) chest wall involvement is potentially curable; (2) chest wall resection adds little if any morbidity to the procedure; (3) resections of fewer than four ribs usually require only soft tissue coverage, without a prosthesis; (4) patients with squamous cell cancer have longer survival; (5) chest wall resection is highly effective in the relief of pain due to invasion of the chest wall; and (6) survival is greater than in other stage III lung carcinomas and is more closely related to nodal involvement than to chest wall invasion.
 ...
PMID:Bronchogenic carcinoma treated by concomitant resection of lung and chest wall. 169 45

This paper is concerned with the relationship between the occurrence of metastases and the size of primary cancers. We consider two probabilistic characterizations of this relationship. First is the distribution function of tumor sizes at the point of metastatic transition; second is the probability that detectable metastases are present when the cancer comes to medical attention. The equation relating these two functions is developed and conditions for their being identical are explored. Since the tumor size at the point of metastasis is not usually observable, estimation of the first distribution requires the use of the EM algorithm. Nonparametric methods of estimating both functions are explored, with attention to the fact that tumors often fail to be measured, particularly those that are known to be metastatic. The methods are applied to the estimation of primary tumor size at the point of distant metastasis in lung cancer (epidermoid and adenocarcinoma) and colorectal cancer and at the point of nodal metastasis in breast cancer. Monte Carlo experiments confirm that the bias inherent in the methodology is acceptably small.
 ...
PMID:Nonparametric estimation of the size-metastasis relationship in solid cancers. 174 51

Radiologic evaluation is an integral part of the staging of lung cancer. The potential for resection in cases of mediastinal invasion and other advanced disease places special demands on imaging techniques. The ability of CT or MR imaging to detect mediastinal invasion accurately is limited, and patients deserve the chance for cure by surgical resection in equivocal cases. Slight increments in improving accuracy in the evaluation of nodal disease has been shown by using different size criteria for different nodal stations and by evaluating nodal architecture or extracapsular spread. CT remains cost-effective in the overall evaluation of the patients, enabling the direction of invasive procedures and the elimination of unnecessary ones. In the evaluation of metastatic disease, most patients do not appear to benefit from bone scanning and, in a limited subset of patients, brain CT scanning should be performed.
 ...
PMID:Lung cancer staging. 185 68

A series of 65 broncho-pulmonary TB simulating lung cancer with negative AFB in sputum were diagnosed by fiber-bronchoscopy. 60% of the cases were at the age of forty and over. According to the radiographic features, they could be divided into 3 varieties: (1) 31 cases showed mass or nodal shadow. 7 of the 11 cases with cavities mimicked cancer origin in appearance. (2) 30 cases showed atelectasis and segmental shadows with 16 cases in nonpredisposing location of TB. (3) 4 cases with diffuse interstitial and micronodular shadows were different from miliary TB. Of a total of 65 cases, 7 accompanied with hilar/mediastinum adenopathy. Using fiber-bronchoscopy, bronchial lesions were found in 24 cases (36.9%). TB diagnosed by pathological and bacteriological examination were 89.2% and 32.2% respectively. TB combined with squamous cell cancer of the lung was found in one patient. These data indicated that TBB and TBLB provided an effective method in the differential diagnosis of TB and cancer of lung.
 ...
PMID:[Differential diagnosis between tuberculosis and cancer of lung. Analysis of 65 tuberculosis cases diagnosed by fiber-bronchoscopy]. 187 17


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>