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Query: UMLS:C0242379 (lung cancer)
 71,905 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Empirical models for risk, based on recently published epidemiologic data, and simple prediction formulas were used to predict the occurrence of silicosis and lung cancer in the Australian labor force currently exposed to crystalline silica dust. As a result of an 0.9 (range 0.4-1.9)% average lifetime risk, approximately 1010 (range 380-2410) silicosis cases were predicted for the next 40 years among the estimated 136,400 men exposed at current silica dust levels [0.01-0.8 (average 0.094) mg.m-3]. Approximately 630 extra lung cancer cases (95% confidence interval 120-1320) would appear with an average excess risk of 0.5 (interval 0.1-1.1)%, the proportion of silica-induced lung cancer cases being about 15%. Currently 77% of the at-risk labor force is exposed to silica dust levels of < or = 0.1 mg.m-3. With this level as the limit, about 440 (range 140-1210) silicosis cases and 410 (interval 90-780) extra lung cancer cases would occur in 40 years. Adopting this level as the national exposure standard would reduce the risk of silicosis cases by 52% and the excess risk of lung cancer by 36%.
Scand J Work Environ Health 1992 Dec
PMID:Prediction of silicosis and lung cancer in the Australian labor force exposed to silica. 133 21

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) accounts for 25% of all cases of lung cancer diagnosed in the United States. The sensitivity of SCLC to chemotherapy offers good prospects for prolonged remission and long-term survival. Over the last decade, however, the overall response rate and median survival in SCLC patients have remained essentially unchanged. Single-agent intravenous (IV) etoposide has proven to be among the most active drugs for the treatment of SCLC. Oral or oral plus intravenous etoposide has been used in many combination chemotherapies. Studies demonstrating the schedule dependency of etoposide suggest that optimum results would be achieved if the total were administered over a minimum of 5 days. Given in such a schedule, oral etoposide has been shown to be effective in unfit or elderly (> 70 years of age) patients with SCLC, who represent 25% to 30% of the total SCLC population. Prolonged etoposide administration has achieved efficacy comparable with that attained in 5-day schedules, but with notable toxicity. Moreover, the value of dose intensity in single-agent and combination regimens employing etoposide has recently been questioned. New therapeutic strategies are clearly needed to increase the response rate, to prolong survival, and to improve quality of life in SCLC patients.
Semin Oncol 1992 Dec
PMID:Oral etoposide in small cell lung cancer. 133 99

Twenty-five patients with primary non-small cell lung cancer underwent the positron emission tomography (PET) using 11C-methionine to detect the mediastinal lymph node metastasis. We introduced the positron angiography to recognize precisely the anatomical orientation of the mediastinal lymph nodes. The 11C-uptake of the lymph node was expressed with distribution absorption ratio (DAR). A total 107 lymph nodes were examined. The average DAR in metastatic lymph nodes (n = 28) was 3.89 while that of non-metastatic nodes (n = 79) was 2.38 indicating a significant difference (p < 0.001). The most adequate threshold for detection of metastasis was 3.3 with sensitivity of 100%, and specificity of 87.3% and overall accuracy of 89.7%. Metastasis of squamous cell carcinoma was diagnosed more accurately than that of adenocarcinoma. Thus, PET using 11C-methionine may offer a new method to detect the mediastinal lymph node metastasis from lung cancer.
Nihon Kyobu Geka Gakkai Zasshi 1992 Dec
PMID:[Detection of mediastinal lymph node metastasis from lung cancer with positron emission tomography (PET) using 11C-methionine]. 133 90

Two chemotherapy regimens for patients with extensive small-cell lung cancer were prospectively compared in a randomized multicentric trial with crossover. Every four weeks, 60 consecutive previously untreated patients received either DPE (doxorubicin, cisplatin and etoposide), or CIV (carboplatin, ifosfamide and vincristine) with crossover as soon as progression or end of response were observed. Pretreatment characteristics were similar in the two groups. Fifty-seven patients were evaluated for response. The response rate was higher with the DPE regimen both in first-line (for DPE: response rate 62% (18/29), including 17% (5/29) of complete response (CR), and for CIV: response rate 29% (8/28) with no CR, p < 0.02) and in second-line after crossover (for DPE: response rate 45% (9/20) including 5% (1/20) of CR, and for CIV response rate 0%, p < 0.02). Major toxicities were equally frequent in both groups. No significant difference was found between median survival times (9.7 months for the DPE group and 10.4 months for the CIV group). We conclude that: 1) DPE is a more active regimen than CIV, both in first- and second-line; 2) no alternating scheme may be considered with these two combinations. Of particular note is the similar median survival times in the two groups, contrasting with the different activities of the two regimens.
Ann Oncol 1992 Dec
PMID:Extensive small-cell lung cancer. A randomized comparison of two chemotherapy programs with early crossover in instances of failure. Association pour le Traitement des Tumeurs Intra-Thoraciques (ATTIT). 133 65

Between 1985 and 1990 the Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research (SAKK) for the first time assessed quality of life (QL) variables in 188 patients in a multicenter small-cell lung cancer trial that compared two different regimens of combination chemotherapy. QL-assessment was scheduled at the beginning of each of the six treatment cycles. The self-rating QL questionnaire included an early version of the EORTC QL questionnaire, a mood adjective checklist (Bf-S) and a single linear analogue scale (LASA) measuring general well-being. Compliance with completion of the scheduled questionnaires varied between 37% and 58% over the six cycles, and between 21% and 68% among the 7 participating institutions. Mean compliance was 49%. The institution was found the only significant factor predicting compliance (p < 0.001). Patient age, sex, education and biological prognostic factors at randomization were not predictors of compliance. Although compliance was poor, the data received was of high quality. We suggest practical guidelines for improving compliance with QL data collection in multicenter clinical trials.
Ann Oncol 1992 Dec
PMID:Feasibility of quality of life assessment in a randomized phase III trial of small cell lung cancer--a lesson from the real world--the Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research SAKK. 835 96

Endoscopic ultrasonography with high-frequency ultrasonic beams allows detailed study of the gastrointestinal wall structures and the surrounding Tissues. Moreover most echoendoscopes carry a biopsy channel for biopsy or cytologic puncture guided by endoscopic ultrasonography. We present a patient with a tumor in the posterior mediastinum in whom conventional diagnostic techniques failed to obtain speciments for cytologic evaluation. Transesophageal fine needle aspiration guided by endoscopic ultrasonography confirmed the diagnosis of lung cancer consisting of adeno and small cells in this patient. Transesophageal fine needle puncture guided by endoscopic ultrasonography might become a valuable aid for the diagnosis of tumor masses in the posterior mediastinum.
Ultraschall Med 1992 Dec
PMID:[Endosonographically directed transesophageal fine needle aspiration in diagnosis of mediastinal para-esophageal space-occupying processes]. 133 99

Twenty patients with stage IIIA-IIIB non-small-cell lung cancer were treated with cisplatin, epirubicin and VP-16 (PEV) neoadjuvant chemotherapy (CDDP, 70 mg/m2, i.v., d 1; EDX, 60 mg/m2, i.v., d 1; VP-16, 100 mg/m2, i.v., d 1-2-3; every 3 weeks). A partial response was obtained in 11 cases (55%), stable disease in 3 cases (15%), and progressive disease in 6 cases (30%). After chemotherapy, 8 (40%) patients, all achieving a partial response, were elegible for surgery: 5 (25%) had a complete resection (4 IIIA and 1 IIIB) and 3 (15%) an incomplete resection. The treatment was well tolerated. These data show that PEV is an active regimen for neoadjuvant chemotherapy in NSCLC and recommend this therapeutic approach for stage IIIA patients.
Tumori 1992 Dec 31
PMID:Neoadjuvant chemotherapy with cisplatin, epirubicin and VP-16 for stage IIIA-IIIB non-small-cell lung cancer: a pilot study. 133 3

Three large cell carcinoma cell lines were established from tumors of lung cancer patients. The cell lines were named NUTLC-2, NUTLC-4 and NUTLC-5 and they were found to have the following biological characterization. 1) By chromosomal analysis, the tumor cells of two of the cell lines (NUTLC-2 and NUTLC-5) were human-origin cells. Numbers of chromosomes of these cells ranged from 52 to 59 in NUTLC-2 and from 68 to 75 in NUTLC-5, with the modal numbers of 56 and 71, respectively. 2) Primary tumor resected from the patient with lung cancer was heterotransplanted into the subcutis of a nude mouse. NUTLC-4 cell line was established in vitro from the tumor in nude mouse and the tumor cells were found to be mouse-origin cells by chromosomal analysis. Human DNA was not detected by Alu analysis. 3) The tumor cells of three cell lines could be heterotransplanted subcutaneously into nude mice. However, no natural distant metastasis in nude mouse was observed. 4) Drug sensitivity to NUTLC-2, NUTLC-4 and NUTLC-5 tumor cells differed individually according to MTT colorimetric assay, and characteristic drug sensitivity was not noted in histological types of lung cancer.
Hum Cell 1992 Dec
PMID:[Human lung cancer cell lines in our laboratory: establishment of three large cell carcinoma cell lines and their biological characterization]. 133 8

The 5-year survival of lung cancer patients is about 30% in Japan. One of the reasons for the poor prognosis seems to be drug resistance. It has been reported that certain types of oncogenes, such as ras, myc and fos, may play an important role in drug resistance. The myc protein forms a sequence-specific DNA-binding complex with Max and may act as a transcription factor; thus, it may be possible that myc family oncogenes are involved in DNA synthesis and repair processes mediating drug resistance. We report here that L-myc oncogene may be involved in the transition from drug-sensitive to drug-resistant phenotype of a certain small cell lung cancer cell line.
Nihon Kyobu Shikkan Gakkai Zasshi 1992 Dec
PMID:[Relationship between drug resistance and oncogenes in lung cancer cell lines]. 133 94

The ability of Interleukin-2 (IL2) production, IL2 receptors expression and proliferative response by lymphocytes from 48 patients with primary lung cancer and 50 normal controls were studied. The results indicated that after lymphocytes were stimulated with PHA for 48 hours, the IL2 activity produced by lymphocytes from lung cancer patients was significantly reduced, the mean IL2 activity was only about 30% of that of normal controls, with lung cancer progression, the lymphocytes IL2 production tended to be more depressed. The lymphocytes IL2 receptors expression and proliferative response in cancer patients were also significantly decreased. Our study suggested that impaired IL2 production and IL2 receptors expression by lymphocytes from lung cancer patients may depress the IL2 dependent anti-tumor reaction in vivo.
Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi 1992 Dec
PMID:[A study about the ability of interleukin-2 production, interleukin-2 receptor expression by lymphocytes from patients with lung cancer]. 133 18


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