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Query: UMLS:C0242379 (lung cancer)
 71,905 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Cells from cultures of the ChaGo line of human lung cancer were examined periodically by electron microscopy for 4 years and no cilia were observed. However, when cells were grown in medium containing 2% dimethyl sulfoxide, as many as 50% of the cells had cilia with a 9+0 microtubular pattern.
J Natl Cancer Inst 1976 Dec
PMID:Cilia formation in cultures of human lung cancer cells treated with dimethyl sulfoxide. 100 64

Doll's analysis of lung cancer incidence (mortality) in cigarette smokers is refined in more detail in this paper. His conclusion that incidence is approximately proportional to rate of smoking and the fifth power of years of smoking is shown to hold in each of several age and dose groups giving additional evidential support. The data are equally well fitted by a Weibull distribution and by a lognormal distribution with a constant geometric standard deviation. There is, however, a trend away from these fits which needs to be examined in other studies.
Biometrics 1976 Dec
PMID:Lung cancer incidence in cigarette smokers: further analysis of Doll and Hill's data for British physicians. 100 27

Occupational groups are often described as being relatively healthy because their mortality rates are lower than those of the national average. Although correct this confuses the issue for those who are interested in assessing the effects of exposure to a particular chemical. In a further analysis of data collected in a study of all men ever exposed to vinyl chloride monomer in the manufacture of polyvinyl chloride in Great Britain, three factors have been shown to contribute to the low mortality rates that were observed. The three factors: the selection of a healthy population for employment, the survival in the industry of the healthier men, and the length of time that this population has been pursued, have been quantified. The mortality experience within five years of entering this industry was shown to be as low as 37% of that expected; for circulatory disease and respiratory disease it was as low as 21%. There was a progressive increase in standardized mortality ratio with the length of time since entry so that the effect had almost disappeared 15 years after entry. To avoid confounding the selection effect with the survival effect the latter was measured by separating men who survived 15 years after entering the industry according to whether or not they were still in the industry after this period. Those who had left experienced an overall standardized mortality ratio some 50% higher than those still in the industry. This effect, although consistent in the age groups between 25 and 74 years and for all cause groups studied, was greatest in those aged between 25 and 44 years and for lung cancer and respiratory disease.
Br J Prev Soc Med 1976 Dec
PMID:Low mortality rates in industrial cohort studies due to selection for work and survival in the industry. 100 72

In 1951 the British Medical Association forwarded to all British doctors a questionnaire about their smoking habits, and 34440 men replied. With few exceptions, all men who replied in 1951 have been followed for 20 years. The certified causes of all 10 072 deaths and subsequent changes in smoking habits were recorded. The ratio of the death rate among cigarette smokers to that among lifelong non-smokers of comparable age was, for men under 70 years, about 2:1, while for men over 70 years it was about 1-5:1. These ratios suggest that between a half and a third of all cigarette smokers will die because of their smoking, if the excess death rates are actually caused by smoking. To investigate whether this is the case, the relation of many different causes of death to age and tobacco consumption were examined, as were the effects of giving up smoking. Smoking caused death chiefly by heart disease among middle-aged men (and, with a less extreme relative risk, among old men,) lung cancer, chronic obstructive lung disease, and various vascular diseases. The distinctive features of this study were the completeness of follow-up, the accuracy of death certification, and the fact that the study population as a whole reduced its cigarette consumption substantially during the period of observation. As a result lung cancer grew relatively less common as the study progressed, but other cancers did not, thus illustrating in an unusual way the causal nature of the association between smoking and lung cancer.
Br Med J 1976 Dec 25
PMID:Mortality in relation to smoking: 20 years' observations on male British doctors. 100 86

Results obtained with immunotherapy in 318 cases of lung cancer showed that an initial Tine test is useful prognostically (initial negativity is equivalent to poor survival), and survival increases and decreases in function of positivity and negativity respectively. The soundness of immunotherapy is borne out by the survival data.
Minerva Med 1976 Dec 29
PMID:[Immunotherapy with BCG in pulmonary tumors]. 101 10

Two hundred and twenty-eight patients who were treated for carcinoma of the lung were followed and their plasma CEA levels assessed at intervals during the course of the disease. In addition, plasma samples were taken from 487 healthy blood donors for comparison as a control. CEA assay is not selective or specific enough, at this time, to be used for screening purposes even though 68% of the patients who have lung cancer will have an elevated concentration of CEA regardless of the histological cell type. In patients with plasma levels of CEA above 15 ng/ml the prognosis is uniformly poor. CEA in the author's view does have value as a prognostic marker capable of suggesting the successful resection of a tumor and to a lesser degree confirming the clinical objective response to the radiotherapy or chemotherapy. It was found that the presence of CEA was not necessarily related to the volume of the tumor or the site of organ metastasis, but reflects the metabolic properties and characteristics of the individual tumor as it occurs in the patient.
Cancer 1975 Dec
PMID:Carcinoembryonic antigen in 228 patients with carcinoma of the lung. 120 64

A morphometric study of atherosclerotic lesions of the vessels was conducted in males dying of cancer of the stomach and lungs, and in females dying of cancer of the stomach, lungs, uterus, breast and ovaries. In total, 918 observations were studied, the age of the deceased ranging from 30 to 79 years. The severity of the atherosclerotic lesions in the vessels of those who died of malignant tumors was compared to that in normal individuals. The material was compiled and examined in accordance with the program and method developed by WHO expertpathologists (Uemura et al.). In those who died of cancer of the stomach, uterus and breast the severity of coronary atherosclerosis was much milder than in the normals; however, no important differences were revealed between these groups as to the severity of atherosclerosis of the aorta. In lung cancer in males and in ovarian cancer in females under 50 years of age a distinct enhancement of the atherosclerotic process in the aorta was observed, and less-in the coronaries. In females dying of lung cancer the severity of atherosclerosis of the aorta was the same as in the normals, and in the coronaries - even milder.
Kardiologiia 1975 Dec
PMID:[Characteristics of the development of arteriosclerosis of the aorta and coronary arteries in patients with cancer of different organs]. 122 58

The skin response to 5 mug of purified phytohemagglutinin (PHA) was studied in 299 subjects, including 58 normal controls, 92 patients without malignancies, and 149 patients with nonlymphomatous cancer. Other immunological responses, such as in vitro lymphocyte stimulation (62 subjects) and skin response to purified protein derivatives (PPD) (95 subjects), were tested simultaneously to examine their correlation with the PHA skin test. A positive reaction was observed 24 hr after intradermal injection of 5 mug of purified PHA in 56 (96.6%) of 58 normal controls, 40 (49.4%) of 81 untreated patients with cancer, and 24 (35.3%) of 68 cancer patients receiving anticancer therapy. Among 32 patients with gastric cancer tested, impaired skin reactivity to purified PHA was noted in patients in stage III or IV. A correlation was found between in vivo and in vitro responses to PHA in 46 (74.2%) of 62 individuals (P less than 0.001). The PHA skin test was repeated 4 times over a period of three months in patients without malignancies, and no significant change in tehir skin reactivity was detected. In repeated tests, the skin reactivity to purified PHA of patients with lung cancer varied depending on the clinical status, and the extent and type of anticancer therapy the patients were receiving. It is concluded that the PHA skin test is a simple diagnostic method for screening for immunodeficiency in cancer patients before and during the course of anticancer therapy. Other advantages of this test are that no presensitization is required and that it can be used repeatedly.
Gan 1975 Dec
PMID:Phytohemagglutinin skin test: diagnostic value for showing immunodeficiency in patients with cancer. 122 17

A technetium 99m diphosphonate scan is a sensitive detector of bony metastases of breast, prostate, and lung cancer. For these particular neoplasms, a negative bone scan in an asymptomatic patient is adequate evidence for absence of bony metastases and a correlative roentgenographic examination may not be necessary. Positive studies demonstrating multiple characteristic discrete areas of increased activity should be considered strong evidence for metastases. Single equivocal lesions require roentgenographic and occasionally biopsy correlation. If roentgenography fails to reveal the source of increased uptake, (e.g., degenerative disease) the scan lesion should remain suspicious for metastases.
Am J Roentgenol Radium Ther Nucl Med 1975 Dec
PMID:Accuracy of 99mTC-diphosphonate bone scans and roentgenograms in the detection of prostate, breast and lung carcinoma metastases. 123 61

Epidemiological studies of lung cancer in Chinese women indicated that factors other than cigarette smoking are related to lung cancer risk. A case-control study suggested that indoor air pollution, particularly from cooking oil emissions, may be involved. Condensates of volatile emissions from rapeseed and soybean cooking oils were prepared and found to be genotoxic in short-term tests including the Salmonella mutation assay, SV50 forward-mutation assay, and sister-chromatid exchange assay, as well as the micronucleus assay in mouse bone marrow. In contrast, condensates from rapeseed oil with butylated hydroxyanisole or hydrogenated rapeseed oil were not mutagenic, implicating oxidation products as the cause for mutagenicity. Peanut oil and lard condensates were not mutagenic in any assay. The association of exposure to Chinese rapeseed cooking-oil emissions and lung-cancer risk may be related to the mutagenic component of these condensates.
Mutat Res 1992 Dec
PMID:Genotoxicity of heated cooking oil vapors. 128 6


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