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Query: UMLS:C0242379 (lung cancer)
 71,905 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Mortality data from cancers of the lung and bladder in England and Wales were analyzed. With the use of detailed information on cigarette consumption, a nonlinear least-squares analysis showed that the differences between males and females in the rates of these cancers could be explained on the basis of differences in smoking habits. Furthermore, estimates of the relative risk due to smoking were obtained. The relative risks of smoking 146,000 cigarettes (equivalent to 20 cigarettes/day for 20 yr) were 4.3 for lung cancer and 2.9 for bladder cancer. These estimates agree with those obtained by other types of epidemiologic studies.
J Natl Cancer Inst 1979 Dec
PMID:Estimation of relative risk from vital data: smoking and cancers of the lung and bladder. 29 7

Phytohemagglutinin (PHA) stimulated lymphocyte protein synthesis was measured in vitro in 21 patients with recently diagnosed, untreated bronchogenic carcinoma and 11 control subjects. In the cancer group absolute protein synthesis was significantly decreased in both baseline and stimulated cultures. The abnormality in protein synthesis was observed despite the fact that there were no differences in vitro DNA synthesis between the two groups. In order to investigate the possibility that a decrease in the number of T-cells was the cause of the impaired protein synthesis in the lung cancer patients, the percentage of circulating E-rosetting forming cells was measured. The mean percentage of rosette forming cells in the cancer patients was 66.8 +/- 2.2 and in the control population was 68.3 +/- 2.6. Our results demonstrate that lymphocyte protein synthesis is abnormal in patients with bronchogenic carcinoma and that the abnormality in protein synthesis is not due to decreased numbers of T-cells. In addition our results suggest that measurement of protein synthesis is a more sensitive assay of lymphocyte function than other standard parameters of cellular immunity.
Cancer 1977 Dec
PMID:Abnormal lymphocyte protein synthesis in bronchogenic carcinoma. 30 35

A cell line (KSNY) in vitro, which produces colony-stimulating activity (CSA) for human and mouse marrow cells, has been established. A biopsy was performed on the tumor mass of a lung cancer patient who had developed extensive leucocytosis. A piece of the tumor was transplanted to a nude mouse. The seconarily transplanted mice, in turn, developed extensive leucocytosis. The mouse tumor was then removed and placed in culture bottles. To date, the KSNY cells have been maintained in vitro continuously for 15 months. By the use of a methylcellulose bone-marrow colony-formation technique, a high level of CSA in the supernatant of the tumor cell culture was recognized. Doubling time of the cell line is 46 hr. The modal chromosome number is 52, ranging from 45 to 106.
Gan 1979 Dec
PMID:Human lung cancer cell line (KSNY) producing colony-stimulating activity which affects both human and mouse marrow cells. 31 53

A human lung cancer cell line (KSNY) produces a high level of human colony-stimulating activity (CSA) as shown by the dose-response relationship between the number of colonies and the concentration of conditioned medium (CM). The CM tends to induce markedly granulocytic colonies rather than other cell-type colonies. The medium conditioned by KSNY cells (KSNY-CM) is stable at 50 degrees, but is completely inactivated at 70 degrees for 30 min. There is little binding of mouse CSA and/or human CSA in the CM to concanavalin-A-Sepharose. Fractionation of the CM by Sephacryl S-200 chromatography indicated that the maximum activity of KSNY-CSA for mouse and human marrow cells is eluted at approximately 20,000 approximately 25,000 and at 45,000 approximately 48,000 daltons.
Gan 1979 Dec
PMID:Characterization of colony-stimulating activity in medium conditioned by a human cell line (KSNY). 31 54

Ninety-two patients with histologically proved carcinoma of the lung were studied retrospectively to determine the usefulness of liver, brain, and bone imaging in their examination and treatment. Occult metastatic liver disease was observed in two (5.3%) of 38 asymptomatic patients, while four (6.6%) of 58 neurologically intact patients had abnormal brain scans. Eight (13.6%) of 59 asymptomatic patients had metastatic bone disease. Seven (18.4%) of 38 patients with no clinical evidence of metastatic disease to liver, brain, or bone had at least one type of abnormal radionuclide study. More than half (52.5%) of the patients studied had at least one abnormal scan exclusive of symptoms. Radionuclide imaging is a useful procedure in the initial evaluation and subsequent management of lung cancer.
JAMA 1979 Dec 28
PMID:Efficacy of radionuclide scanning in patients with lung cancer. 51 53

Data on cancer incidence in Israel have been collected by the Israel Cancer Registry since 1960. Overall incidence patterns are similar to those observed in other "Westernized" countries. In the total Jewish population, lung cancer accounts for one in seven cancers in males and breast cancer, for one in four cancers in females. The main time trends are: a decrease in stomach cancer, a halt in the increase of male lung cancer and a continuing rise for female lung cancer, female breast cancer, cancer of the colon and rectum, and malignant melanoma. Cancer of the uterine cervix may be on the rise in Israel-born women. The relatively high incidence of cancer of the esophagus in immigrants from Iran and Yemen and of cancer of the nasopharynx in immigrants from North Africa probably reflect incidence patterns in their countries of origin.
Isr J Med Sci 1979 Dec
PMID:Cancer patterns in Israel: selected aspects. 52 89

From 1951 to 1971 male doctors reduced their cigarette smoking more than did men in social classes I and II combined. In 1970-2, 665 male doctors died aged under 65. Had they shown the same improvements in cause-specific death rates over the 20 years as men in classes I and II, 699 deaths would have been expected. This "saving" of 34 deaths in the doctors comprised savings from coronary heart disease (83), stroke (16), and lung cancer (8) balanced by 60 "losses" from three stress-related causes--namely, accident, poisonings, etc (30); suicide (26); and cirrhosis of the liver (4)--plus 13 from other causes. As a relative reduction in mortality from heart disease in doctors (as compared with that in social classes I and II) also occurred during 1931-51--that is, before they began to give up smoking--some of the saving in heart-disease deaths in 1951-71 was probably not related to changes in smoking habits. The relative worsening in mortality from stress-related diseases may have been due partly to a possible adverse effect of giving up smoking if smoking had acted to reduce stress. From these findings, the benefits of giving up smoking may not be so great as has commonly been assumed.
Br Med J 1979 Dec 15
PMID:Has the mortality of male doctors improved with the reductions in their cigarette smoking? 53 59

Mortality among male employees was studied in a chromium chemical production plant, part of which was rebuilt in 1950-51 and the remainder in 1960, to reduce exposure to chromium bearing dusts. Of 2 101 employees initially employed between 1945 and 1974 and having worked at least 90 days, the vital status of 88% was ascertained, as of mid-1977. Lung cancer mortality for hourly workers initially employed between 1945 and 1959 was significantly higher than in the comparison Baltimore City population (SMR = 2.0), yet it was lower than that reported in previous studies of this industry. A dose response effect was evident from the relationship between duration of employment and mortality. The lung cancer mortality among those employed for three or more years exclusively in the new facility was similar to that observed for such long-term workers in other parts of the plant. Specific job positions were examined. A history of employment in the Bichromate and Special Products Department (production of chromic acid and other products), known as the 'wet end', was associated with the increased lung cancer mortality in contrast to the Mill and Roast Department, known as the 'dry end'. Because of the long latency period associated with chromium exposure and cancer, it was not possible to adequately assess the risk of cancer for workers initially employed after 1960. Methodological issues related to these findings are discussed.
Int J Epidemiol 1979 Dec
PMID:Mortality in chromium chemical production workers: a prospective study. 54 Nov 60

1. Pleural fluid contained protein-bound hyaluronic acid, protein-bound chondroitin sulfate, hyaluronic acid, chondroitin sulfate, undersulfated chondroitin sulfate and dermatan sulfate. The composition of acid glycosaminoglycans in pleural fluid seems to reflect the rate of biosynthesis and degradation of these polysaccharides at some sites which are closely related to the pleural cavity. 2. A possibility was suggested that hyaluronic acid was synthesized in pleural tissue and was excreted shortly thereafter into the surroundings, as evidenced by experiments with rabbit pleural tissue. 3. In human, hyaluronic acid, chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate and heparan sulfate were found in thickened pleurae caused by lung cancer, in those caused by asbestosis and also in tumor tissues of pleural mesothelioma. The molecular size of hyaluronic acid from pleural mesothelioma was found to be larger than that from human unbilical cord. 4. Quantification and histochemical study of acid glycosaminoglycans demonstrated that the quantity of hyaluronic acid in tissue specimens of mesothelioma by far exceeded that in non-mesothelioma cases (statistically significant). 5. Thus a possibility was suggested that histochemical investigation together with microquantitation of hyaluronic acid in pleural tissue may prove to be an efficient means of differential diagnosis of pleural mesothelioma. 6. Definite conclusion on the relationship between the fluctuation with time in quantity of acid glycosaminoglycans of the effusions and etiology of pleurisy awaits further investigations.
Sci Rep Res Inst Tohoku Univ Med 1979 Dec
PMID:A study on acid glycosaminoglycans in pleural diseases. 54 21

Short-term organ cultures of peripheral lung from lung cancer patients metabolise benzo[alpha]pyrene to ethylacetate-soluble metabolites, which covalently bind to tissue macromolecules. The nature and quantities of metabolites formed and the extent of covalent binding are dependent upon the time of incubation, the substrate concentration and interindividual variability in the metabolic activity of the lung. Individuals whose lungs rapidly metabolise the carcinogen exhibit more extensive further metabolism of primary metabolites and higher levels of covalent binding. Certain striking differences in the relative retention in the tissue or release into the extra-cellular medium of different metabolites have been found as illustrated by the observation that the ratio of 7,8-dihydro-7,8-dihydroxybenzo[alpha]-pyrene to 9,10-dihydro-9,10-dihydroxybenzo[alpha]pyrene was always significantly higher in the tissue than in the extracellular medium.
Chem Biol Interact 1979 Dec
PMID:Metabolism and covalent binding of benzo[alpha]pyrene in human peripheral lung. 54 46


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